QueryInterface 实现及使用的完整的例子

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-14 14:47:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-14 14:47:44 发布

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本文通过一个完整的示例程序，介绍了COM接口的定义、组件的实现以及QueryInterface方法的具体实现方式。示例中详细展示了如何创建支持多个接口的组件，并通过QueryInterface获取不同接口的实例。

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下面我们将把前面所提到过和各代码段组合起来，以构成一个说明QueryInterface 实现及使用的完整例子。
总的来说可以将这些代码分成三部分。
第一部分是接口IX、 IY 和 IZ 的定义部分。接口 IUnknown 的定义在 Win32 SDK 的头文件 1 见UNKNWN . H 中。
第二部分是组件的实现。类 CA 实现了一个支持 IX 和 IY 接口的组件。QueryInterface的实现同前一节中给出的实现是一样的。在类CA的末尾给出了CreateInstance 的定义。客户可以使用此函数来创建类 CA 所代表的组件并返回一个指向其 IUnknown 接口的指针。
在定义好 CreateInstance函数之后，下面定义的是各接口的 IID 结构。从这些定义可以看出 IID 结构是一个相当大的结构。

清单中的第三部分也就是最后一部分是main 函数，它表示示例程序中的客户。

#include <iostream>
#include <objbase.h>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

void trace(const char *msg){cout<<msg<<endl;}

//interfaces
interface IX:IUnknown
{
    virtual void _stdcall Fx()=0;
};

interface IY:IUnknown
{
    virtual void _stdcall Fy()=0;
};

interface IZ:IUnknown
{
    virtual void _stdcall Fz()=0;
};

//forward references for guids
extern const IID IID_IX;
extern const IID IID_IY;
extern const IID IID_IZ;

//component

class CA:public IX,public IY
{
    //IUnknown implementation
    virtual HRESULT _stdcall QueryInterface(const IID& iid,void ** ppv);
    virtual ULONG _stdcall AddRef(){return 0;}
    virtual ULONG _stdcall Release(){return 0;}

    //interface IX implementation
    virtual void _stdcall Fx() {cout<<"FX"<<endl;MessageBox(NULL,"hello world","caption",MB_OK);};
    //interface IY implementation
    virtual void _stdcall Fy(){cout<<"FY"<<endl;}

};

HRESULT _stdcall CA::QueryInterface(const IID& iid,void ** ppv)
{
    if(iid==IID_IUnknown)
    {
        trace("QueryInterface:return pointer to IUnknown");
        *ppv=static_cast<IX *>(this);
    }

    else if(iid==IID_IX)
    {
        trace("QueryInterface:Return pointer to IX.");
        *ppv=static_cast<IX *>(this);
    }

    else if(iid==IID_IY)
    {
        trace("QuertyInterface:Return pointer to IY");
        *ppv=static_cast<IY *>(this);
    }
    else
    {
        trace("QuertyInterface:Interface not supported");
        *ppv=NULL;
        return E_NOINTERFACE;
    }
    reinterpret_cast<IUnknown *>(*ppv)->AddRef();
    return S_OK;

}

//creation function
IUnknown * CreateInstance()
{
    IUnknown * pI=static_cast<IX *>(new CA);
    pI->AddRef();
    return pI;
}

//IIDS

// {C225EDDE-ACFE-4349-AD2B-C7068731F8B3}
static const IID IID_IX =
{ 0xc225edde, 0xacfe, 0x4349, { 0xad, 0x2b, 0xc7, 0x6, 0x87, 0x31, 0xf8, 0xb3 } };

// {6E3A34D9-1E23-433b-A393-1A4A6A965C80}
static const IID IID_IY =
{ 0x6e3a34d9, 0x1e23, 0x433b, { 0xa3, 0x93, 0x1a, 0x4a, 0x6a, 0x96, 0x5c, 0x80 } };

// {D8CDFA09-D552-41b9-AA44-8A70D8554A5C}
static const IID IID_IZ =
{ 0xd8cdfa09, 0xd552, 0x41b9, { 0xaa, 0x44, 0x8a, 0x70, 0xd8, 0x55, 0x4a, 0x5c } };

//client
int main()
{
    HRESULT hr;
    trace("client: Get an IUnknown pointer");

    IUnknown * pIUnKnown=CreateInstance();
    trace("client: Get interface IX");

    IX* pIX=NULL;
    hr=pIUnKnown->QueryInterface(IID_IX,(void **) &pIX);
    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        trace("client:Succeeded getting IX");
        pIX->Fx();//use interface IX
    }
    trace("client: Get interface IY");

    IY *pIY=NULL;
    hr=pIUnKnown->QueryInterface(IID_IY,(void **) &pIY);

    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        trace("client: Succeeded get IY");
        pIY->Fy();//use interface IY
    }

    trace("client:ask for an unsupporte interface");

    IZ * pIZ=NULL;

    hr=pIUnKnown->QueryInterface(IID_IZ,(void **) &pIZ);
    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        trace("client:succeeded in geting interface iz");
        pIZ->Fz();
    }
    else
    {
        trace("client: could not get interface IZ");
    }
    trace("client: get interface IY from interface IX");

    IY *pIYfromIX=NULL;
    hr=pIX->QueryInterface(IID_IY,(void **)&pIYfromIX);

    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        trace("client:succeeded getting IY");
        pIYfromIX->Fy();
    }
    trace("client: get interface IUNkown from IY");

    IUnknown * pIUnknownFromIY=NULL;
    hr=pIY->QueryInterface(IID_IUnknown,(void **) &pIUnknownFromIY);

    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        cout<<"Are the IUnknown pointers equal";
        if(pIUnknownFromIY==pIUnKnown)
        {
            cout<<"Yes,pIUnknownFromIY==pIUnknown"<<endl;
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"No,pIUnknownFrom IY!=pIUnknown"<<endl;
        }
    }
    //Delete the component
    delete pIUnKnown;

    system("pause");
    return 0;

}