关于 Data Guard 环境配置的一些初始化参数

今天在联机文档上看到这个关于Data Guard配置的参数表,感觉蛮有用的,苦恼的就是全英文,看的比较费力,于是用我那蹩脚的英文给大家翻译了一下,借助谷歌翻译还用了两个多小时,现在自己都不敢恭维自己的英文水平,看来以后要加强英文方面的学习了。还有,谷歌翻译没我想象中的那么强大,跟我们的中文习惯差距很大,费了老劲才整理好,希望此篇博文能给大家带来帮助;


以下是Oracle联机文档的原参数表:

able 13-1 Initialization Parameters for Instances in a Data Guard Configuration

ParameterPrimary Role?Standby Role?Notes and Recommendations

ARCHIVE_LOG_TARGET = seconds

Yes

Physical only

Optional. Forces a log switch after the specified number of seconds elapses.

COMPATIBLE = release_number.

Yes

Logical and physical

Data Guard requires a minimum value of 9.2.0.1.0. Set to a minimum of 10.2.0.0 to use Oracle Database 10g new features. Specify the same value on the primary and standby databases if you expect to do a switchover. If the values differ, redo transport services may be unable to transmit redo data from the primary database to the standby databases. 

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME = number_of_days

Yes

Logical and physical

Optional. Use this parameter to avoid overwriting a reusable record in the control file (that contains needed information such as an archived redo log file) for the specified number of days (from 0 to 365). 

CONTROL_FILES = 'control_file_name' , control_file_name', '...')

Yes

Logical and physical

Required. Specify the path name and filename for one or more control files. The control files must already exist on the database. Oracle recommends using 2 control files. If another copy of the current control file is available, then an instance can be easily restarted after copying the good control file to the location of the bad control file.

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT = (location_of_primary_database_datafile' , 'location_of_standby_database_datafile_name' , '...'

No

Physical only

Required if the standby database is on the same system as the primary database or if the directory where the datafiles are located on the standby system is different from the primary system. This parameter must specify paired strings. The first string is a sequence of characters to be looked for in a primary database filename. If that sequence of characters is matched, it is replaced by the second string to construct the standby database filename. You can specify multiple pairs of filenames. 

DB_UNIQUE_NAME =unique_service_provider_name_for_this_database

Yes

Logical and physical

Recommended, but required if you specify the LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG parameter. Specifies a unique name for this database. This name does not change even if the primary and standby databases reverse roles. The DB_UNIQUE_NAME parameter defaults to the value of the DB_NAME parameter.

FAL_CLIENT = Oracle_Net_service_name

Yes

Physical only

Required if the FAL_SERVER parameter is specified. Specifies the Oracle Net service name used by the FAL server (typically the primary database) to refer to the FAL client (standby database). 

FAL_SERVER = Oracle_Net_service_name

No

Physical only

Required if the FAL_CLIENT parameter is specified. Specifies one or more Oracle Net service names for the databases from which this standby database can fetch (request) missing archived redo log files. 

INSTANCE_NAME

Yes

Logical and physical

Optional. If this parameter is defined and the primary and standby databases reside on the same host, specify a different name for the standby database than you specify for the primary database. 

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(db_unique_name,db_unique_name, ...)'

Yes

Logical and physical

Recommended. Specify the DG_CONFIG attribute to identify the DB_UNIQUE_NAME for the primary database and each standby database in the Data Guard configuration. The default value of this parameter enables the primary database to send redo data to remote destinations and enables standby databases to receive redo data. The DG_CONFIG attribute must be set to enable the dynamic addition of a standby database to a Data Guard configuration that has a Real Application Clusters primary database running in either maximum protection or maximum availability mode.

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n = {LOCATION=path_name|SERVICE=service_name, attribute, attribute, ... }

Yes

Logical and physical

Required. Define up to ten (where n = 1, 2, 3, ... 10) destinations, each of which must specify either the LOCATION or SERVICEattribute. Specify a corresponding LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n parameter for every LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameter. 

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n = {ENABLE|DEFER|ALTERNATE|RESET}

Yes

Logical and physical

Required. Specify a LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n parameter to enable or disable redo transport services to transmit redo data to the specified (or to an alternate) destination. Define a LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n parameter for every LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameter. 

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%d_%t_%s_%r.arc

Yes

Logical and physical

Required if you specify the STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter. These parameters are concatenated together to generate fully qualified archived redo log filenames on the standby database. 

LOG_ARCHIVE_LOCAL_FIRST =[TRUE|FALSE]

Yes

No

Optional. Specify to control when archiver processes (ARCn) transmit; either after (TRUE) the online redo log file was successfully archived to at least one local destination, or at the same time (FALSE) the online redo log file is being archived to local destinations.


LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES =integer

Yes

Logical and physical

Optional. Specify the number (from 1 to 30) of archiver (ARCn) processes you want Oracle software to invoke initially. The default value is 4.

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST=integer

Yes

No

Optional. Define the minimum number (from 1 to 10) of destinations that must receive redo data successfully before the log writer process on the primary database can reuse the online redo log file.

LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE=integer

Yes

Logical and physical

Optional. Set this parameter to trace the transmission of redo data to the standby site. The valid integer values (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, or 4096) 

LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='location_of_primary_database_redo_logs', 'location_of_standby_database_redo_logs'

No

Logical and physical

Required when the standby database is on the same system as the primary database or when the directory structure where the log files are located on the standby site is different from the primary site. This parameter converts the path names of the primary database online redo log file to path names on the standby database.

PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS=integer

Yes

Logical only

Required. Specify the maximum number of parallel servers working on the logical standby database. This parameter must not be set to a value less than 5 on a logical standby database. For best results, set PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS to a minimum of 9.

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE= {EXCLUSIVE|SHARED]

Yes

Logical and physical

Required. Specify on the primary and all standby databases.

SHARED_POOL_SIZE = bytes

Yes

Logical and physical

Optional. Use to specify the system global area (SGA) to stage the information read from the online redo log files. The more SGA that is available, the more information that can be staged.

SORT_AREA_SIZE = bytes

Yes

Logical and physical

Optional. Increase the SORT_AREA_SIZE size (default size is 65536 bytes) to improve the efficiency of large sorts. 

STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST= filespec

No

Logical and physical

Optional. Specify the location of archived redo log files received on the standby database from the primary database. TheSTANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST initialization parameter overrides the directory location specified with the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameter.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST and LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT are concatenated to generate fully qualified log filenames.

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT = {AUTO|MANUAL}

Yes

Physical only

Set the STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT parameter to AUTO so that when datafiles are added to or dropped from the primary database, corresponding changes are made in the standby database without manual intervention. If the directory structures on the primary and standby databases are different, you must also set the DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT initialization parameter to convert the filenames of one or more sets of datafiles on the primary database to filenames on the (physical) standby database.

USER_DUMP_DEST = directory_path_name_of_trace_file

Yes

Logical and physical

Required if you specify the LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE parameter. The USER_DUMP_DEST specifies the path name for a directory where the server will write debugging trace files. 




下面便是博主的翻译:

参数主库角色?备库角色?建议和注释
ARCHIVE_LOG_TARGET仅物理经过指定的秒数后强制进行日志切换。
COMPATIBLE物理和逻辑Data Guard的要求最低值9.2.0.1.0。设置为10.2.0.0的最低使用Oracle数据库10g的新功能。指定主数据库和备库相同的值,如果你希望做一个切换。如果值不同,重做传输服务可能无法从主库的重做数据传输到备库。
CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME物理和逻辑可选,使用此参数指定的天数(从0到365),以避免覆盖一个可重用的控制文件中记录(如归档重做日志文件包含所需的信息)。
CONTROL_FILES物理和逻辑必需,指定一个或多个控制文件的路径名和文件名 ​​。控制文件在数据库中必须已经存在。Oracle建议使用2个控制文件。如果另一个当前控制文件的副本是可用的,那么一个实例可以很容易地复制好的控制文件到坏控制文件的位置后重新启动。
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT仅物理如果备库作为主库,或者位于备库上的数据文件所在的目录是从主库不同,在同一系统上。此参数必须指定配对的字符串。第一个字符串是要寻找主库文件名中的字符序列。如果该字符序列匹配,它将被替换为第二个字符串构造备库文件名 ​​。您可以指定多个文件名。
DB_UNIQUE_NAME物理和逻辑推荐,但需要您指定LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG的参数。这个数据库指定一个唯一的名称。这个名字不会改变,即使主数据库和备用数据库互换角色。DB_UNIQUE_NAME参数默认值为DB_NAME参数的值。
FAL_CLIENT仅物理如果FAL_SERVER参数被指定则必须。指定Oracle Net服务名使用FAL服务器(通常指主库)参考FAL客户端(备库)。
FAL_SERVER仅物理如果FAL_CLIENT参数被指定则必须。为数据库指定一个或多个Oracle Net服务名,从这个备库可以获取丢失的归档重做日志文件(请求)。
INSTANCE_NAME逻辑和物理可选,如果这个参数被定义和主备库属于同一台主机上,为备库指定一个不同的名称区别于你的主库。
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG逻辑和物理推荐,通过DG_CONFIG的属性为主库和每个备库来确定Data Guard配置中的DB_UNIQUE_NAME。此参数的默认值使主库的重做数据传送到远程目的地和使备库接收重做数据。当RAC环境下主库运行在最大保护模式或最大可用性模式时,备库中DG_CONFIG属性必须被设置为动态添加。
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n逻辑和物理必需,定义多达十个(N = 1,2,3,... 10)目的地,每一个目的地都必须指定地点或服务的属性。每一个LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n参数对应每个LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n参数。
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n逻辑和物理必需,指定LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n参数来启用或禁用重做传输服务来传送重做数据到指定的目的地(或替代)。为每个LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n参数定义LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n参数。
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT逻辑和物理如果你指定了STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST参数则必须。在备库上这些参数都串连在一起以产生完全合格的归档重做日志文件名​​。
LOG_ARCHIVE_LOCAL_FIRST可选。指定控制归档进程(ARCn)传输;一种是在联机重做日志文件成功地归档到至少一个本地目标之后(TRUE),一种是在相同的时间联机重做日志文件被归档到本地目的地(FALSE)。
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES逻辑和物理可选,指定一个你希望Oracle调用的最大的归档进程(ARCn)数(从1到30)。默认值是4。
LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST没有可选,定义的最小数量(从1到10)的目的地,在主库上的日志写进程可以重用联机重做日志文件之前必须成功地接收重做数据。
LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE逻辑和物理可选,设置这个参数来追踪重做数据传输到备用站点。有效的整数值(0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096)
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT逻辑和物理必需,当主备库所处操作系统相同或主备站点上的日志文件位于不同的目录结构时,此参数将在备库上对主库重做日志文件路径名转换为对应的备库路径名。
PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS仅逻辑必需,指定逻辑备库的并行服务最大数量值。为了达到最佳效果,此参数不能小于5,PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS最低限度设为9。
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE逻辑和物理必需,在主库和每个备库上都需指定。
SHARED_POOL_SIZE逻辑和物理可选,使用指定系统全局区(SGA)阶段信息读取联机重做日志文件。越多的SGA可用,越多的信息可以实施。
SORT_AREA_SIZE逻辑和物理可选,在大型排序中增加SORT_AREA_SIZE的值(默认大小为65536字节)来提高效率。
STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST逻辑和物理可选,指定备库从主库接收归档重做日志文件的位置。初始化参数STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST会覆盖参数LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n指定的目录位置。STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST和LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT连接起来以产生完整的日志文件名。
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT仅物理将STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT参数设置为AUTO,以便主库添加或删除数据文件时备库做出相应的变化,无需人工干预。如果主库和备库的目录结构不同,你必须设置初始化参数DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT将主库上一组或多组数据文件的文件名转换至​​(物理)备库。
USER_DUMP_DEST逻辑和物理如果LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE参数被指定则必须。USER_DUMP_DEST指定写入调试跟踪文件的路径名。

PS:由于本人的英文水平太次,翻译不够水准,还望海涵。虽说如此,但博主也还花了点功夫,如有翻译不当的地方,还望在留言中赐教。thank you !





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作者:    Seven

原文链接:  http://blog.csdn.net/sunjiapeng/article/details/9115531

邮箱:     seven_ginna@foxmail.com
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