U-Boot串口初始化详解
目录
零、概述
一、init_baudrate
二、serial_init
三、console_init_f
四、devices_init
五、console_init_r
六、打印信息
七、为什么要使用devlist,std_device[]?
零、概述
上面这张图是U-Boot中串口设备驱动的流程,从寄存器级别的设置到最后终端信息的输出。下面我们详细讲解每一个步骤。
一、init_baudrate
该函数设置了gd->bd->bi_baudrate。
- static int init_baudrate (void)
- {
- char tmp[64]; /* long enough for environment variables */
- int i = getenv_r ("baudrate", tmp, sizeof (tmp));
- gd->bd->bi_baudrate = gd->baudrate = (i > 0)
- ? (int) simple_strtoul (tmp, NULL, 10)
- : CONFIG_BAUDRATE;
- //#define CONFIG_BAUDRATE 115200 定义在/include/configs/smdk2410.c中
- //如果环境中没有保存,则使用宏定义的参数
- return (0);
- }
二、serial_init
UART控制器的初始化。
- void serial_setbrg (void)
- {
- S3C24X0_UART * const uart = S3C24X0_GetBase_UART(UART_NR);
- int i;
- unsigned int reg = 0;
-
- /* value is calculated so : (int)(PCLK/16./baudrate) -1 */
- reg = get_PCLK() / (16 * gd->baudrate) - 1;
-
- /* FIFO enable, Tx/Rx FIFO clear */
- uart->UFCON = 0x07;
- uart->UMCON = 0x0;
- /* Normal,No parity,1 stop,8 bit */
- uart->ULCON = 0x3;
- /*
- * tx=level,rx=edge,disable timeout int.,enable rx error int.,
- * normal,interrupt or polling
- */
- uart->UCON = 0x245;
- uart->UBRDIV = reg;
-
- #ifdef CONFIG_HWFLOW
- uart->UMCON = 0x1; /* RTS up */
- #endif
- for (i = 0; i < 100; i++);
- }
-
- /*
- * Initialise the serial port with the given baudrate. The settings
- * are always 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no start bits.
- *
- */
- int serial_init (void)
- {
- serial_setbrg ();//UART寄存器设置
-
- return (0);
- }
三、console_init_f
控制台的前期初始化。
- int console_init_f (void)
- {
- gd->have_console = 1;
-
- #ifdef CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE
- if (getenv("silent") != NULL)
- gd->flags |= GD_FLG_SILENT;
- #endif
-
- return (0);
- }
四、devices_init
这一部分在前面的文章已经分析过了,这里就不在叙述了。
五、console_init_r
控制台后期初始化。查看环境参数stdin,stdout,stderr中对标准IO的指定的设备名称,如果没有知道再按照环境指定的名称搜索devlist,将搜到的设备指针赋给标准IO数组stdio_devices[]。
- int console_init_r (void)
- {
- char *stdinname, *stdoutname, *stderrname;
- device_t *inputdev = NULL, *outputdev = NULL, *errdev = NULL;
- #ifdef CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
- int i;
- #endif /* CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE */
-
- /* set default handlers at first 设置跳转表*/
- gd->jt[XF_getc] = serial_getc;
- gd->jt[XF_tstc] = serial_tstc;
- gd->jt[XF_putc] = serial_putc;
- gd->jt[XF_puts] = serial_puts;
- gd->jt[XF_printf] = serial_printf;
-
- /* stdin stdout and stderr are in environment 查看环境参数stdin,stdout,stderr中对标准IO的指定的设备名称*/
- /* scan for it */
- stdinname = getenv ("stdin");
- stdoutname = getenv ("stdout");
- stderrname = getenv ("stderr");
-
- if (OVERWRITE_CONSOLE == 0) { /* if not overwritten by config switch */
- inputdev = search_device (DEV_FLAGS_INPUT, stdinname);
- outputdev = search_device (DEV_FLAGS_OUTPUT, stdoutname);
- errdev = search_device (DEV_FLAGS_OUTPUT, stderrname);
- }
- /* if the devices are overwritten or not found, use default device 按指定的名称搜索设备*/
- if (inputdev == NULL) {
- inputdev = search_device (DEV_FLAGS_INPUT, "serial");
- }
- if (outputdev == NULL) {
- outputdev = search_device (DEV_FLAGS_OUTPUT, "serial");
- }
- if (errdev == NULL) {
- errdev = search_device (DEV_FLAGS_OUTPUT, "serial");
- }
- /* Initializes output console first将搜到的设备指针赋给标准IO数组stdio_devices[],在下面会将为什么要这样做 */
- if (outputdev != NULL) {
- console_setfile (stdout, outputdev);
- }
- if (errdev != NULL) {
- console_setfile (stderr, errdev);
- }
- if (inputdev != NULL) {
- console_setfile (stdin, inputdev);
- }
-
- gd->flags |= GD_FLG_DEVINIT; /* device initialization completed,到此串口设备才初始化完成,这个标志会影响getc等函数 */
-
- #ifndef CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
- /* Print information 打印信息*/
- puts ("In: ");
- if (stdio_devices[stdin] == NULL) {
- puts ("No input devices available!\n");
- } else {
- printf ("%s\n", stdio_devices[stdin]->name);
- }
-
- puts ("Out: ");
- if (stdio_devices[stdout] == NULL) {
- puts ("No output devices available!\n");
- } else {
- printf ("%s\n", stdio_devices[stdout]->name);
- }
-
- puts ("Err: ");
- if (stdio_devices[stderr] == NULL) {
- puts ("No error devices available!\n");
- } else {
- printf ("%s\n", stdio_devices[stderr]->name);
- }
- #endif /* CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET */
-
- #ifdef CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
- /* set the environment variables (will overwrite previous env settings) */
- for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
- setenv (stdio_names[i], stdio_devices[i]->name);
- }
- #endif /* CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE */
-
- #if 0
- /* If nothing usable installed, use only the initial console */
- if ((stdio_devices[stdin] == NULL) && (stdio_devices[stdout] == NULL))
- return (0);
- #endif
- return (0);
- }
六、打印信息
在最后会打印出如下信息:
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
这说明串口初始化完成。
七、为什么要使用devlist,std_device[]?
为了更灵活地实现标准IO重定向,任何可以作为标准IO的设备,如USB键盘,LCD屏,串口等都可以对应一个device_t的结构体变量,只需要实现getc和putc等函数,就能加入到devlist列表中去,也就可以被assign为标准IO设备stdo_device中去。如函数 int console_assign (int file, char *devname); /* Assign the console 重定向标准输入输出*/这个函数功能就是把名为devname的设备重定向为标准IO文件file(stdin,stdout,stderr)。其执行过程是在devlist中查找devname的设备,返回这个设备的device_t指针,并把指针值赋给stdo_device[file]。
- int console_assign (int file, char *devname)
- {
- int flag, i;
-
- /* Check for valid file */
- switch (file) {
- case stdin:
- flag = DEV_FLAGS_INPUT;
- break;
- case stdout:
- case stderr:
- flag = DEV_FLAGS_OUTPUT;
- break;
- default:
- return -1;
- }
-
- /* Check for valid device name */
-
- for (i = 1; i <= ListNumItems (devlist); i++) {
- device_t *dev = ListGetPtrToItem (devlist, i);
-
- if (strcmp (devname, dev->name) == 0) {
- if (dev->flags & flag)
- return console_setfile (file, dev);
-
- return -1;
- }
- }
-
- return -1;
- }
该函数是调用console_setfile设置stdo_device[]完成重定向输入输出。
- static int console_setfile (int file, device_t * dev)
- {
- int error = 0;
-
- if (dev == NULL)
- return -1;
-
- switch (file) {
- case stdin:
- case stdout:
- case stderr:
- /* Start new device */
- if (dev->start) {
- error = dev->start ();
- /* If it's not started dont use it */
- if (error < 0)
- break;
- }
-
- /* Assign the new device (leaving the existing one started) */
- stdio_devices[file] = dev;//这里是关键
-
- /*
- * Update monitor functions
- * (to use the console stuff by other applications)
- */
- switch (file) {
- case stdin:
- gd->jt[XF_getc] = dev->getc;
- gd->jt[XF_tstc] = dev->tstc;
- break;
- case stdout:
- gd->jt[XF_putc] = dev->putc;
- gd->jt[XF_puts] = dev->puts;
- gd->jt[XF_printf] = printf;
- break;
- }
- break;
-
- default: /* Invalid file ID */
- error = -1;
- }
- return error;
- }