1、mail()函数的使用
1)windows需要配置IIS的SMTP;linux自带sendmail组件,无需设置,直接支持mail函数发送功能
2)php.ini中声明SMTP各项参数
3)mail("接收地址","邮件主题","邮件内容")函数的使用
例1:配置本地SMTP服务器
第一步: php.ini的设置:
SMTP = localhost
smtp_port = 25
sendmail_from=你的设定值
第二步:需要安装IIS自带的SMTP,在SMTP虚拟服务器上点击右键,在弹出的属性窗口里进行如下设置:
点击“访问”选项卡,再点击“中继”,在弹出的窗口出点击“添加”,然后选“单台计算机”,添加IP地址为“127.0.0.1”,然后一
路确定返回。
第三步:
<?php
mail("jxxycc@qq.com","Test mail function of PHP.","hello world!");
?>
例2:借用SMTP服务器(需要用户名和口令)
SMTP = smtp163.com
/*
名称:smtpsend.class.php
功能:邮件发送类,实现邮件发送功能 ,可以发送html邮件;可验证用户是否具有发送权限;可实现从任意服务器邮箱发送邮件。*/
$smtpserver; SMTP服务器
$smtpserverport; SMTP服务器端口
$smtpuser; SMTP服务器的用户帐号
$smtppass; SMTP服务器的用户密码
$fromMail; SMTP服务器的用户邮箱
$toMail; 发送给谁
$subject; 邮件主题
$content; 邮件内容
$mailtype; 邮件格式(HTML/TXT),TXT为文本邮件
*/
class smtpclass
{
function smtp($relay_host = "", $smtp_port = 25,$auth = false,$user,$pass)
{
$this->debug = FALSE;
$this->smtp_port = $smtp_port;
$this->relay_host = $relay_host;
$this->time_out = 60; //is used in fsockopen()
$this->auth = $auth;//auth
$this->user = $user;
$this->pass = $pass;
$this->host_name = "localhost"; //is used in HELO command
$this->log_file = "";
$this->sock = FALSE;
}
/* Main Function */
function sendmail($to, $from, $subject = "", $body = "", $mailtype, $returnpath = "", $cc = "", $bcc = "", $additional_headers = "")
{
$mail_from = $this->get_address($this->strip_comment($from));
$body = ereg_replace("(^|(\r\n))(\.)", "\1.\3", $body);
$header = "";
if(isset($returnpath) && $returnpath != "")
{
$header .= "Reply-To:".$returnpath."\r\n";
}
$header .= "MIME-Version:1.0\r\n";
if($mailtype=="HTML"){
$header .= 'Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312' . "\r\n";
}
$header .= "To: ".$to."\r\n";
if ($cc != "") {
$header .= "Cc: ".$cc."\r\n";
}
$header .= "From: $from<".$from.">\r\n";
$header .= "Subject: ".$subject."\r\n";
$header .= $additional_headers;
$header .= "Date: ".date("r")."\r\n";
$header .= "X-Mailer:By Redhat (PHP/".phpversion().")\r\n";
list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());
$header .= "Message-ID: <".date("YmdHis", $sec).".".($msec*1000000).".".$mail_from.">\r\n";
$TO = explode(",", $this->strip_comment($to));
if ($cc != "") {
$TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($cc)));
}
if ($bcc != "") {
$TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($bcc)));
}
$sent = TRUE;
foreach ($TO as $rcpt_to) {
$rcpt_to = $this->get_address($rcpt_to);
if (!$this->smtp_sockopen($rcpt_to)) {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to ".$rcpt_to."\n");
$sent = FALSE;
continue;
}
if ($this->smtp_send($this->host_name, $mail_from, $rcpt_to, $header, $body)) {
$this->log_write("E-mail has been sent to <".$rcpt_to.">\n");
} else {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to <".$rcpt_to.">\n");
$sent = FALSE;
}
fclose($this->sock);
$this->log_write("Disconnected from remote host\n");
}
return $sent;
}
/* Private Functions */
function smtp_send($helo, $from, $to, $header, $body = "")
{
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("HELO", $helo)) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");
}
#auth
if($this->auth){
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("AUTH LOGIN", base64_encode($this->user))) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("", base64_encode($this->pass))) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");
}
}
#
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("MAIL", "FROM:<".$from.">")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending MAIL FROM command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("RCPT", "TO:<".$to.">")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending RCPT TO command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("DATA")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending DATA command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_message($header, $body)) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending message");
}
if (!$this->smtp_eom()) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> [EOM]");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("QUIT")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending QUIT command");
}
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_sockopen($address)
{
if ($this->relay_host == "") {
return $this->smtp_sockopen_mx($address);
} else {
return $this->smtp_sockopen_relay();
}
}
function smtp_sockopen_relay()
{
$this->log_write("Trying to ".$this->relay_host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n");
$this->sock = @fsockopen($this->relay_host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out);
if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot connenct to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n");
$this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n");
return FALSE;
}
$this->log_write("Connected to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n");
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_sockopen_mx($address)
{
$domain = ereg_replace("^.+@([^@]+)$", "\1", $address);
if (!@getmxrr($domain, $MXHOSTS)) {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot resolve MX \"".$domain."\"\n");
return FALSE;
}
foreach ($MXHOSTS as $host) {
$this->log_write("Trying to ".$host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n");
$this->sock = @fsockopen($host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out);
if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) {
$this->log_write("Warning: Cannot connect to mx host ".$host."\n");
$this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n");
continue;
}
$this->log_write("Connected to mx host ".$host."\n");
return TRUE;
}
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot connect to any mx hosts (".implode(", ", $MXHOSTS).")\n");
return FALSE;
}
function smtp_message($header, $body)
{
fputs($this->sock, $header."\r\n".$body);
$this->smtp_debug("> ".str_replace("\r\n", "\n"."> ", $header."\n> ".$body."\n> "));
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_eom()
{
fputs($this->sock, "\r\n.\r\n");
$this->smtp_debug(". [EOM]\n");
return $this->smtp_ok();
}
function smtp_ok()
{
$response = str_replace("\r\n", "", fgets($this->sock, 512));
$this->smtp_debug($response."\n");
if (!ereg("^[23]", $response)) {
fputs($this->sock, "QUIT\r\n");
fgets($this->sock, 512);
$this->log_write("Error: Remote host returned \"".$response."\"\n");
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_putcmd($cmd, $arg = "")
{
if ($arg != "") {
if($cmd=="") $cmd = $arg;
else $cmd = $cmd." ".$arg;
}
fputs($this->sock, $cmd."\r\n");
$this->smtp_debug("> ".$cmd."\n");
return $this->smtp_ok();
}
function smtp_error($string)
{
$this->log_write("Error: Error occurred while ".$string.".\n");
return FALSE;
}
function log_write($message)
{
$this->smtp_debug($message);
if ($this->log_file == "") {
return TRUE;
}
$message = date("M d H:i:s ").get_current_user()."[".getmypid()."]: ".$message;
if (!@file_exists($this->log_file) || !($fp = @fopen($this->log_file, "a"))) {
$this->smtp_debug("Warning: Cannot open log file \"".$this->log_file."\"\n");
return FALSE;;
}
flock($fp, LOCK_EX);
fputs($fp, $message);
fclose($fp);
return TRUE;
}
function strip_comment($address)
{
$comment = "\([^()]*\)";
while (ereg($comment, $address)) {
$address = ereg_replace($comment, "", $address);
}
return $address;
}
function get_address($address)
{
$address = ereg_replace("([ \t\r\n])+", "", $address);
$address = ereg_replace("^.*<(.+)>.*$", "\1", $address);
return $address;
}
function smtp_debug($message)
{
if ($this->debug) {
echo $message;
}
}
function senduserMail($smtpserver,$smtpserverport=25,$smtpuser,$smtppass,$fromMail,$toMail,$subject,$content,$mailtype='HTML')
{
if ($fromMail == "") {
die("发件人不能为空!");
}
if ($smtpuser == "") {
die("用户名不能为空!");
}
if ($smtppass == "") {
die("用户密码不能为空!");
}
if ($subject == "") {
die("标题不能为空!");
}
if ($toMail == "") {
die("收件人不能为空!");
}
if ($content == "") {
die("内容不能为空!");
}
$smtpserver = $smtpserver;//SMTP服务器
$smtpserverport = $smtpserverport;//SMTP服务器端口
$smtpuser = $smtpuser;//SMTP服务器的用户帐号
$smtppass = $smtppass;//SMTP服务器的用户密码
$smtpusermail = $fromMail;//SMTP服务器的用户邮箱
$smtpemailto = $toMail;//发送给谁
$mailsubject = $subject;//邮件主题
$mailbody = $content;//邮件内容
$mailtype = $mailtype;//邮件格式(HTML/TXT),TXT为文本邮件
$this->smtp($smtpserver,$smtpserverport,true,$smtpuser,$smtppass);//这里面的一个true是表示使用身份验证,否则不使用身份验证.
//$smtp->debug = TRUE;//是否显示发送的调试信息
$this->sendmail($smtpemailto, $smtpusermail, $mailsubject, $mailbody, $mailtype);
}
}
//$gao = new smtpclass();
//$gao->senduserMail("mail.163.com",25,"用户名","密码","blog.admin@bnet.com.cn","sss@zdnet.com.cn","测试","测试一下","TXT");
2、Socket类
3、php实现注册后激活登录
1)注册的时候增加邮箱选项,然后把激活URL发送到邮箱,访问此URL完成激活。
2)用户账户数据库里面有是否激活的标识字段,注册后为0,激活后为1,为1的用户才可以登录。
3)用户账户数据库里面保留一个激活代码字段,注册的时候程序按照一定的算法(比如md5生成32位随机字符串)填写该字段。
4)单独编写激活的PHP文件,调用格式比如为aaa.php?user=xxx&key=yyy,程序检测用户数据库里面的激活码,如果相同就设置用户的激活标记。
5)用户注册以后给他的邮箱发一封邮件,里面包含aaa.php?user=xxx&key=yyy这样的激活地址,用户收信以后点击这个地址就完成激活的功能,确保用户留下的邮箱是有效的。
POP3
POP3是Post Office Protocol 3的简称,即邮局协议的第3个版本,它规定怎样将个人计算机连接到Internet的邮件服务器和下载电子邮件的电子协议。它是因特网电子邮件的第一个离线协议标准,POP3允许用户从服务器上把邮件存储到本地主机(即自己的计算机)上,同时删除保存在邮件服务器上的邮件,而POP3服务器则是遵循POP3协议的接收邮件服务器,用来接收电子邮件的。(与IMAP有什么区别?)
SMTP
SMTP 的全称是“Simple Mail Transfer Protocol”,即简单邮件传输协议。它是一组用于从源地址到目的地址传输邮件的规范,通过它来控制邮件的中转方式。SMTP 协议属于 TCP/IP协议簇,它帮助每台计算机在发送或中转信件时找到下一个目的地。SMTP 服务器就是遵循 SMTP 协议的发送邮件服务器。 SMTP 认证,简单地说就是要求必须在提供了账户名和密码之后才可以登录 SMTP 服务器,这就使得那些垃圾邮件的散播者无可乘之机。增加 SMTP认证的目的是为了使用户避免受到垃圾邮件的侵扰。
IMAP
IMAP全称是Internet Mail Access Protocol,即交互式邮件存取协议,它是跟POP3类似邮件访问标准协议之一。不同的是,开启了IMAP后,您在电子邮件客户端收取的邮件仍然保留在服务器上,同时在客户端上的操作都会反馈到服务器上,如:删除邮件,标记已读等,服务器上的邮件也会做相应的动作。所以无论从浏览器登录邮箱或者客户端软件登录邮箱,看到的邮件以及状态都是一致的。(与POP3有什么区别?)
网易邮箱已经默认开启 POP3/SMTP/IMAP 服务,方便您可以通过电脑客户端软件更好地收发邮件,如果关闭可以通过以下方式开启:
请登录163邮箱,点击页面右上角的“设置”—在“高级”下,点“POP3/SMTP/IMAP”,其中“开启SMTP服务”是系统默认勾选开启的。您可勾选图中另两个选项,点击确定,即可开启成功。不勾选图中两个选项,点击确定,可关闭成功。