图片的异步加载(双缓存)+ViewHolder
上次只是提到了本地图片的异步加载,最后还出现了OOM,不过最后解决了(BaseApapter解决OOM问题)。这次就给大家带来这个网络图片的异步加载+双缓存+ViewHolder。我先叙述一下异步加载的原理,说的通俗一点就是UI主线程继续做与用户交互的响应监听和操作,而加载图片的任务交到其他线程中去做,当图片加载完成之后,再跟据某种机制(比如回调)绘制到要显示的控件中。
首先,贴出AsyncImageLoader.java,这个类是关键,主要做的就是当加载图片的时候,去缓冲区查找,如果有的话,则立刻返回Bitmap对象,省掉再去网络服务器下载的时间和流量
package com.tz.asyncimageload;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
* Created 2015/9/9 Adminstrator tianzhao
*/
public class AsyncImageLoader {
/**
* 内存图片软引用缓存
*/
private HashMap<String, SoftReference<Bitmap>> imageCache = null;
private final static String CACHE_PATH = Environment
.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/AsyncLoad";
public AsyncImageLoader() {
System.out.println("path-->" + CACHE_PATH);
imageCache = new HashMap<String, SoftReference<Bitmap>>();
}
@SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
public Bitmap loadBitmap(final ImageView imageView, final String imageURL,
final ImageCcllBack imageCcllBack) {
/**
* 在内存缓存中,则返回Bitmap对象
*/
if (imageCache.containsKey(imageURL)) {
SoftReference<Bitmap> reference = imageCache.get(imageURL);
Bitmap bitmap = reference.get();
if (null != bitmap) {
return bitmap;
}
} else {
/**
* 在本地缓存中查找
*/
String bitmapName = imageURL
.substring(imageURL.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
File cacheDir = new File(CACHE_PATH);
File[] cacheFiles = cacheDir.listFiles();
if (cacheFiles != null) {
int i = 0;
for (; i < cacheFiles.length; i++) {
if (bitmapName.equals(cacheFiles[i].getName())) {
break;
}
}
// 找到,则返回该图片的Bitmap
if (i < cacheFiles.length) {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(CACHE_PATH + "/"
+ bitmapName);
imageCcllBack.imageLoadSuccess(imageView, bitmap);
return bitmap;
}
}
}
/**
* 两个缓存中都没有的话则开启新线程进行下载
*/
final Handler handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
if (0 == msg.what) {
imageCcllBack.imageLoadSuccess(imageView, (Bitmap) msg.obj);
} else if (1 == msg.what) {
imageCcllBack.imageLoadFaluire(imageView);
}
}
};
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
Bitmap bitmap = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(imageURL);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.connect();
InputStream bitmapIs = conn.getInputStream();
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(bitmapIs);
bitmapIs.close();
imageCache.put(imageURL, new SoftReference<Bitmap>(bitmap));
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.obj = bitmap;
msg.what = 0;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
}
if (null != bitmap) {
/**
* 将图片保存到本地缓存
*/
File dir = new File(CACHE_PATH);
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdirs();
}
File bitmapFile = new File(CACHE_PATH + "/"
+ imageURL.substring(imageURL.lastIndexOf("/") + 1));
if (!bitmapFile.exists()) {
try {
bitmapFile.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
FileOutputStream fos;
try {
fos = new FileOutputStream(bitmapFile);
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos);
fos.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
}
}
}.start();
return null;
}
public interface ImageCcllBack {
public void imageLoadSuccess(ImageView imageView, Bitmap bitmap);
public void imageLoadFaluire(ImageView imageView);
}
}
PS:我这里用到了两个缓冲,一是内存缓存,一个是本地缓存(即SD卡缓存),其中用到了SoftReference,这个类的主要作用是生成一个“软引用”,你可以认为是一种随时会由于JVM垃圾回收机制回收掉的Map对象(而平时我们所用到的引用不释放的话不会被JVM回收),之所以用到软引用,就是考虑到android对图片的缓存是有大小限制的,当超过这个大小时,就一定要释放,如果你用引用,保持不释放的话,那么FC(Force close)就离你不远了。。。我这里还用到了一个本地缓存的机制,是和参考博客不太一样的地方,只是提供一种思路,方法还没有完善(主要因为和服务器还没约定好关于图片的命名规则),主要作用是在用户浏览过大量图片之后(超过内存缓存容量之后),保留在本地,一是为了提高读取速度,二是可以减少流量消耗!
接下来就是Adapter类了,这里继承BaseAdapter类MyAdapter.java
package com.tz.asyncimageload;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;
import com.example.asyncimageload.R;
/**
* Created 2015/9/9 Adminstrator tianzhao
*/
public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private Context context;
private List<String> imgList;
private AsyncImageLoader asyncImageLoader;
public MyAdapter(Context context, List<String> imgList) {
this.context = context;
this.imgList = imgList;
asyncImageLoader = new AsyncImageLoader();
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return null == imgList ? 0 : imgList.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return imgList.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
if (null == convertView) {
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
LayoutInflater mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_layout, null);
viewHolder.textView = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
viewHolder.imageView = (ImageView) convertView
.findViewById(R.id.iv);
convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
} else {
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}
viewHolder.textView.setText(getItem(position).toString());
viewHolder.imageView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.no_data);
asyncImageLoader.loadBitmap(viewHolder.imageView, getItem(position)
.toString(), new AsyncImageLoader.ImageCcllBack() {
@Override
public void imageLoadSuccess(ImageView imageView, Bitmap bitmap) {
imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
@Override
public void imageLoadFaluire(ImageView imageView) {
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.no_data);
}
});
return convertView;
}
private static class ViewHolder {
ImageView imageView;
TextView textView;
}
}
asyncImageLoader是我们定义的异步加载类的对象,通过这个类的public Bitmap loadBitmap(final ImageView imageView, final String imageURL, final ImageCallBack imageCallBack)加载图片,传递参数也与参考博客有些不同,我觉得这样更好理解一下,就是要显示图片的URL链接,和图片要显示对应的控件,当然最重要的还有这个接口实现的回调对象,是在线程中下载完图片之后,用以加载图片的回调对象。而这个回调对象在传递的时候已经实现了接口方法,即将下载好的图片绘制在对应的控件之中
接下来就是MainActivity.java了
package com.tz.asyncimageload;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.example.asyncimageload.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ListView mListView;
private List<String> imgList = new ArrayList<String>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
imgList.add("http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3292852797,3921168757&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img4.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1268041620,2779298692&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=2818850098,881187710&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img3.yxlady.com/mr/UploadFiles_9207/20150715/20150715163557826.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=2949470383,236653565&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
imgList.add("http://d03.res.meilishuo.net/pic/r/36/48/488a12972a38065cd9d98495ca12_800_800.jpeg");
imgList.add("http://pic.wenwen.soso.com/p/20101227/20101227153650-1873348623.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img3.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1054064343,3338205640&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img3.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1025044414,887723369&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
imgList.add("http://file.azg168.cn/file/mianxiangdaquan/xiangshu/20141006/bffcb52bd45827e6f05621dd259c7ff2.jpg");
imgList.add("http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3427470176,4008266000&fm=21&gp=0.jpg");
mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(MainActivity.this, imgList);
mListView.setAdapter(myAdapter);
}
}
OK!网络图片的异步加载+双缓存+ViewHolder到这里接结束了。