获取MSSQL 表结构中字段的备注、主键等信息

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-27 17:07:30 发布

trassion

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-27 17:07:30 发布

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本文提供了获取MSSQL 2000和2005数据库中表结构信息的方法，包括字段的备注、主键等属性。通过SQL查询，结合sys.columns、sys.types、sys.objects等系统视图，可以详细统计每个表的字段名、数据类型、是否为主键、是否可为空、默认值以及列和表的描述。

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1、MSSQL2000

SELECT

    表名       = case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,
    表说明     = case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,'') else '' end,
    字段序号   = a.colorder,
    字段名     = a.name,
    标识       = case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end,
    主键       = case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and parent_obj=a.id and name in (
                     SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(
                        SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid))) then '√' else '' end,
    类型       = b.name,
    占用字节数 = a.length,
    长度       = COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),
    小数位数   = isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),
    允许空     = case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end,
    默认值     = isnull(e.text,''),
    字段说明   = isnull(g.[value],'')
FROM
    syscolumns a
left join
    systypes b
on
    a.xusertype=b.xusertype
inner join
    sysobjects d
on
    a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'
left join
    syscomments e
on
    a.cdefault=e.id
left join
    sysproperties g
on
    a.id=g.id and a.colid=g.smallid
left join
    sysproperties f
on
    d.id=f.id and f.smallid=0
where
    d.name='FI_dept'    --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
order by

a.id,a.colorder

2、MSSQL2005

use test--數據庫
go
--2005實現字段屬性統計(2000里的系統表sysproperties描述表、字段不存在，2005里用sys.extended_properties視圖替代)
select
    [表名]=c.Name,
    [表说明]=isnull(f.[value],''),
    [列名]=a.Name,
    [列序號]=a.Column_id,
    [標識]=case when is_identity=1 then '√' else '' end,
    [主鍵]=case when exists(select 1 from sys.objects where parent_object_id=a.object_id and type=N'PK' and name in
                    (select Name from sys.indexes where index_id in
                    (select indid from sysindexkeys where and colid=a.column_id)))
                    then '√' else '' end,
    [類型]=b.Name,
    [字節數]=case when a.[max_length]=-1 and b.Name!='xml' then 'max/2G'
            when b.Name='xml' then ' 2^31-1字節/2G'
            else rtrim(a.[max_length]) end,
    [長度]=ColumnProperty(a.object_id,a.Name,'Precision'),
    [小數]=isnull(ColumnProperty(a.object_id,a.Name,'Scale'),0),
    [是否為空]=case when a.is_nullable=1 then '√' else '' end,
    [列说明]=isnull(e.[value],''),
    [默認值]=isnull(d.text,'')
from
    sys.columns a
left join
    sys.types b on a.user_type_id=b.user_type_id
inner join
    sys.objects c on a.object_id=c.object_id and c.Type='U'
left join
    syscomments d on a.default_object_id=d.ID
left join
    sys.extended_properties e on e.major_id=c.object_id and e.minor_id=a.Column_id and e.class=1
left join
    sys.extended_properties f on f.major_id=c.object_id and f.minor_id=0 and f.class=1