Android 上传图片和文本数据到服务器
Android客户端和服务器基于HTTP协议相互通信,通过拼接HTTP报文模拟form 表单的post方式发送图片和数据。如下所示,是一个form表单,用户可以在表单中添加文本和文件(图片)并点击提交按钮post数据至服务器上。
form表单的代码如下:
<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<p>文本:<input type = "text" name="text" /></p>
<p>图片:<input type="file" name="picture" /></p>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
点击“提交”按钮后,发送的HTTP报文如下:
其中红色的部分是报文的核心,我们的主要工作就是在Android客户端拼接红色部分的报文,首先新建一个测试用的Activity
TestActivity.java:
package neu.dreamera.activity;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import neu.dreamera.R;
import neu.dreamera.utils.FileCacheUtil;
import neu.dreamera.utils.HttpConnectionUtil;
public class TestActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_test);
final String url = "http://*******"; //此处写上自己的URL
final Map<String,Object> paramMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(); //文本数据全部添加到Map里
paramMap.put("title","test");
paramMap.put("datetime", "1890-06-08T08:08:00Z");
paramMap.put("time_str", "my test");
paramMap.put("place", "120");
String path = "********"; //此处写上要上传的文件在系统中的路径
final File pictureFile = new File(path); //通过路径获取文件
//开启一个新线程,向服务器上传数据
new Thread(){
public void run(){
try{
HttpConnectionUtil.doPostPicture(url, paramMap, pictureFile);
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
}
HttpConnectionUtil.java:
package neu.dreamera.utils;
/**
* Created by 10405 on 2016/6/6.
*/
import android.app.Activity;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpConnectionUtil {
static String BOUNDARY = java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString();
static String PREFIX = "--", LINEND = "\r\n";
static String MULTIPART_FROM_DATA = "multipart/form-data";
static String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
public static void doPostPicture(String urlStr, Map<String,Object> paramMap, File pictureFile )
throws Exception{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setDoInput(true);// 允许输入
conn.setDoOutput(true);// 允许输出
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setReadTimeout(10 * 1000); // 缓存的最长时间
conn.setRequestMethod(POST);
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", MULTIPART_FROM_DATA + ";boundary=" + BOUNDARY);
DataOutputStream os = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); //用StringBuilder拼接报文,用于上传图片数据
sb.append(PREFIX);
sb.append(BOUNDARY);
sb.append(LINEND);
sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"picture\"; filename=\"" + pictureFile.getName() + "\"" + LINEND);
sb.append("Content-Type: image/jpg; charset=" + CHARSET + LINEND);
sb.append(LINEND);
os.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(pictureFile);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
os.write(buffer, 0, len); //写入图片数据
}
is.close();
os.write(LINEND.getBytes());
StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder();
for(Map.Entry<String,Object> entry : paramMap.entrySet()) { //在for循环中拼接报文,上传文本数据
text.append("--");
text.append(BOUNDARY);
text.append("\r\n");
text.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
text.append(entry.getValue());
text.append("\r\n");
}
os.write(text.toString().getBytes("utf-8")); //写入文本数据
// 请求结束标志
byte[] end_data = (PREFIX + BOUNDARY + PREFIX + LINEND).getBytes();
os.write(end_data);
os.flush();
os.close();
// 得到响应码
int res = conn.getResponseCode();
System.out.println("asdf code "+ res);
System.out.println("asdf " + conn.getResponseMessage());
conn.disconnect();
}
}