LeetCode 236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree
Given a binary tree, find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the tree.
According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”
_______3______ / \ ___5__ ___1__ / \ / \ 6 _2 0 8 / \ 7 4
For example, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of nodes 5
and 1
is 3
. Another example is LCA of nodes 5
and 4
is 5
, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
题目大意:
找两个节点的最近祖先
思路:
- 如果p在左子树里,q在右子树里(或者反过来,p在右子树,q在左子树),说明当前节点为pq的最小祖先。
- 反之,说明pq要么都在左子树里,要么都在右子树里。需要分别遍历左子树和右子树。
- 用后续遍历的思想,从下往上,如果遇到了p(或q),就把p(或q)的值向上返回。以下图为例,p=3,q=9。现在要查找3和9的最近祖先。把3和9一层一层向上返回,直到6。此时6的左子树接收返回值3,右子树接收返回值9,说明6是3和9的最近祖先。
感觉不太好理解,或许看看代码能加深一下理解。另外递归确实不好写,java代码如下:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
if(root == null || root == p || root == q) {
return root;
}
TreeNode left = lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
TreeNode right = lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);
//if(left != null && right != null) return root;
// 替换成下面的语句也可以
if((left == p && right == q)||(left == q && right == p)) {
return root;
}
return (left != null) ? left : right;
}
}
注:学渣心里苦,不要学楼主,平时不努力,考试二百五,哭~