MQTT入门实践

简介

最近刚接触到MQTT协议，先是看了下协议相关的文档说明，然后开始写代码实践实现相应的功能。中间走了不少弯路，也看了不少资料，吃了不少苦头，究其原因还是自己对于协议的认识不够准确，把握还是有所欠缺，趁着现在有些小进展，把相关所得记录总结一下，供大家参考。

基本环境搭建

    MQTT代理服务器broker是用的Mosca，之前需要先搭建相应NodeJS环境，可以参考其他同类文档说明

    MQTT客户端实现用的Eclipse Paho版本，需要引入相应jar包，附上build.gradle中相应依赖关系

compile('org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3:1.1.1')

 关键代码

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 *  发布消息
 */
public class Publisher {
    private MqttClient client;
    private String host = "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883";
    private String userName = "admin";
    private String passWord = "password";
    private MqttTopic topic;
    private MqttMessage message;
    private String myTopic = "test/topic";

    public Publisher(){
        try{
            client = new MqttClient(host, "clientB", new MemoryPersistence());
            connect();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
//        delivery();
    }

    private void delivery(){
        try {
            MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message);
            token.waitForCompletion();
            System.out.println(token.isComplete() + "=========");
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void connect() {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        options.setUserName(userName);
        options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
        // 设置超时时间
        options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
        // 设置会话心跳时间
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
        try {
            client.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {
                @Override
                public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
                    System.out.println("connectionLost-----------");
                    while(!client.isConnected()){
                        try{
                            Thread.sleep(1000);
                            client.connect(options);
                        }catch (Exception e){
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }

                @Override
                public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
                    System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------"+token.isComplete());
                }

                @Override
                public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message)
                        throws Exception {
                    System.out.println("messageArrived----------"+topic+"-----" + message.getPayload());
                }
            });
//            topic = client.getTopic(myTopic);
//            message = new MqttMessage();
//            message.setQos(1);
//            message.setRetained(true);
//            System.out.println(message.isRetained()+"------ratained状态");
//            message.setPayload("eeeeeaaaaaawwwwww---".getBytes());
//            client.connect(options);
            client.connect(options);
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try{
                    String content = new Date() + "MQTT Test body" + i;
                    MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(content.getBytes());
                    message.setQos(0);
                    System.out.println(i + " pushed at " + new Date() + " " + content);
                    client.publish(myTopic + "/notice/", message);
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Publisher client = new Publisher();
    }
}

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;

/**
 * 订阅消息
 */
public class Subscriber {
    private String host = "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883";
    private String userName = "admin";
    private String passWord = "password";

    private MqttClient client;
    private String myTopic = "test/topic";
    private MqttConnectOptions options;
    private ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;

    public Subscriber() {
        init();
    }

    private void init() {
        try {
            client = new MqttClient(host, "clientA", new MemoryPersistence());
            options = new MqttConnectOptions();
            options.setCleanSession(true);
            options.setUserName(userName);
            options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
            // 设置超时时间 单位为秒
            options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
            // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线，但这个方法并没有重连的机制
            options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
            //设置回调
            client.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {
                @Override
                public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
                    //连接丢失后，一般在这里面进行重连
                    System.out.println("connectionLost----------");
                    cause.printStackTrace();
                    while(!client.isConnected()){
                        try{
                            Thread.sleep(1000);
                            client.connect(options);
                            client.subscribe(myTopic + "/notice/",0);
                        }catch (Exception e){
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }

                @Override
                public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
                    //publish后会执行到这里
                    System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------"
                            + token.isComplete());
                }

                @Override
                public void messageArrived(String topicName, MqttMessage message)
                        throws Exception {
                    //subscribe后得到的消息会执行到这里面
                    System.out.println("messageArrived----------" + message.getPayload()) ;
                }
            });
            client.connect(options);
            client.subscribe(myTopic + "/notice/",0);
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();
    }
}