Spring @ResponseBody 返回乱码的优雅解决办法

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-14 10:48:15 发布

bruce-wang

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-14 10:48:15 发布

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分类专栏：问题解决实录文章标签： Spring 乱码 MVC UTF-8

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010957324/article/details/9174001

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本文介绍了两种解决HTTP响应中文乱码的方法：一是通过配置StringHttpMessageConverter使用UTF-8编码；二是通过CharacterEncodingFilter强制设置请求编码为UTF-8。

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返回的结果中，中文全部被问号（?）代替的解决办法：

*-servlet.xml的部分配置如下：

<bean id="utf8Charset" class="java.nio.charset.Charset"
		factory-method="forName">
		<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
	</bean>

	<mvc:annotation-driven>
		<mvc:message-converters>
			<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
				<constructor-arg ref="utf8Charset" />
			</bean>
		</mvc:message-converters>
	</mvc:annotation-driven>

思路非常简单：查看StringHttpMessageConverter可知其有两个构造函数，

public StringHttpMessageConverter() {
	this(DEFAULT_CHARSET);
}

public StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset defaultCharset) {
	super(new MediaType("text", "plain", defaultCharset), MediaType.ALL);
	this.defaultCharset = defaultCharset;
	this.availableCharsets = new ArrayList<Charset>(Charset.availableCharsets().values());
}

这里采用第二个构造函数向其中注入我们的utf8Charset

上面配置会覆盖 mvc:annotation-driven 默认配置的StringHttpMessageConverter，其余的MessageConverter应该不会受到影响。

具体文档描述如下：

Element : message-converters
Configures one or more HttpMessageConverter types to use for converting @RequestBody method parameters and 
 @ResponseBody method return values. Using this configuration element is optional. HttpMessageConverter 
 registrations provided here will take precedence over HttpMessageConverter types registered by default. Also see 
 the register-defaults attribute if you want to turn off default registrations entirely.

<mvc:annotation-driven>会默认配置一些HttpMessageConverter，Spring Reference描述如下：

HttpMessageConverter support for @RequestBody method parameters and @ResponseBody method return values from @RequestMapping or @ExceptionHandler methods.
This is the complete list of HttpMessageConverters set up by mvc:annotation-driven:
ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter converts byte arrays.
StringHttpMessageConverter converts strings.
ResourceHttpMessageConverter converts to/from org.springframework.core.io.Resource for all media types.
SourceHttpMessageConverter converts to/from a javax.xml.transform.Source.
FormHttpMessageConverter converts form data to/from a MultiValueMap<String, String>.
Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter converts Java objects to/from XML — added if JAXB2 is present on the classpath.
MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter (or MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter) converts to/from JSON — added if Jackson 2 (or Jackson) is present on the classpath.
AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter converts Atom feeds — added if Rome is present on the classpath.
RssChannelHttpMessageConverter converts RSS feeds — added if Rome is present on the classpath.

返回的结果中，中文全部是乱码（非问号）的解决办法：

在web.xml中加入以下Filter：

<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>