iOS 精益编程

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-05 19:06:49 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-03-05 19:06:49 发布
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分类专栏： 小知识 文章标签： 代码优化

开场

今天, 我们将从一个小功能开始, 先去不假思索的实现它

  • Product Repository: Filtering Operation

Code start

有一个产品库, 我们要对它做过滤操作.

第一个需求并不复杂.

  • 需求1：在仓库中查找所有颜色为红色的产品

First Attempt: Hard Code

我们先用最简单的方式去实现它, 硬编码

<code class="hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (NSArray *)findAllRedProducts:(NSArray *)products
{
    NSMutableArray *<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> = [@[] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product *product <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (product.color == RED) {
            [<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> addObject:product];
        }
    }
<span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">    return</span> <span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

如果这个世界是永恒静止的，这样的实现无可厚非，但世界往往并非如此。

紧接着,第二个需求来了

  • 需求2：在仓库中查找所有颜色为绿色的产品

Second Attempt: Parameterizing

Copy-Paste是大部分程序员最容易犯的毛病，为此引入了大量的重复代码。

<code class="hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (NSArray *)findAllGreenProducts:(NSArray *)products
{
    NSMutableArray *<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> = [@[] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product *product <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (product.color == GREEN) {
            [<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> addObject:product];
        }
    }
<span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">    return</span> <span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

为了消灭硬编码，得到可重用的代码，可以引入简单的参数化设计。

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (NSArray <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*)</span>findProducts:(NSArray <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*)</span>products byColor:(ProductColor)<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span>
{
    NSMutableArray <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*list</span> = [<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@[</span>] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*product</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (product.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span> == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span>) {
            [list addObject:product];
        }
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> list;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

终于可以放心了, 这个时候我们的产品经理怎么可能让你舒服呢,需求3又来了

  • 需求3：查找所有重量小于10的所有产品

Third Attempt: Parameterizing with Every Attribute You Can Think Of

大部分程序员依然会使用Copy-Paste解决这个问题，拒绝Copy-Paste的陋习，最具实效的一个反馈就是让这个快捷键失效，从而在每次尝试Copy-Paste时提醒自己做更好的设计。

<code class="hljs ocaml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (NSArray *)findProducts:(NSArray *)products byWeith:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>)weight
{
    NSMutableArray *<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> = [@[] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product *product <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (product.weight < weight) {
            [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> addObject:product];
        }
    }
    return <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

为了消除两者重复的代码，通过简单的参数化往往不能完美解决这类问题，相反地会引入过度的复杂度和偶发成本。

<code class="hljs ocaml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (NSArray *)findProducts:(NSArray *)products byColor:(ProductColor)color byWeith:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>)weight <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>:(</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>)<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span></span>
{
    NSMutableArray *<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> = [@[] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product *product <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> =</span>= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) && product.color == color) {
            [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> addObject:product];
            continue;
        }
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> =</span>= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>) && (product.weight < weight))
        {
            [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> addObject:product];
            continue;
        }
    }
    return <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>

日常工作中，这样的实现手法非常普遍，函数的参数列表随着需求增加不断增加，函数逻辑承担的职责越来越多，逻辑也变得越来越难以控制。

  • 通过参数配置应对变化的设计往往都是失败的设计
  • 易于导致复杂的逻辑控制，引发额外的偶发复杂度

Forth Attempt: Abstracting over Criteria

为此需要抽象，使其遍历的算法与查找的标准能够独立地变化，互不影响。

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ProductSpec</span> : <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSObject</span></span>
- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

此刻filter的算法逻辑得到封闭，当然函数名需要重命名，使其算法实现更加具有普遍性。

<code class="hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (NSArray *)findProducts:(NSArray *)products bySpec:(ProductSpec *)spec
{
    NSMutableArray *<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> = [@[] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product *product <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ([spec satisfy:product]) {
            [<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span> addObject:product];
        }
    }
<span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">    return</span> <span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">list</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

通过可复用的类来封装各种变化，让变化的因素控制在最小的范围内。

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ColorSpec</span>()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">assign</span>) ProductColor color;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>
<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ColorSpec</span></span>

+ (instancetype)specWithColor:(ProductColor)color
{
    ColorSpec *spec = [[ColorSpec alloc] init];
    spec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.color</span> = color;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> spec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> product<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.color</span> == RED;
}

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BelowWeightSpec</span>()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">assign</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> limit;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BelowWeightSpec</span></span>

+ (instancetype)specWithBelowWeight:(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>)limit
{
    BelowWeightSpec *spec = [[BelowWeightSpec alloc] init];
    spec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.limit</span> = limit;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> spec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> (product<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.weight</span> < _limit);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li></ul>

用户的接口也变得简单多了，而且富有表现力。

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">findProducts:</span>_products <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">bySpec:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ColorSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">specWithColor:</span><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RED</span>]];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

这是经典的OO设计，如果熟悉设计模式的读者对此已经习以为常了。设计模式是好东西，但往往被滥用。为此不能依葫芦画瓢，死板照抄，而是为了得到更简单的设计而引入设计模式的，这个过程是很自然的。

与大师们交流，问究此处为何引入设计模式，得到的答案：直觉。忘记所有设计模式吧，管它是不是模式，如果设计是简单的，这就是模式。

另外还有一个明显的坏味道，ColorSpec和BelowWeightSpec都需要继承ProductSpec，都需要定义一个构造函数和一个私有的字段，并重写satisfy方法，这些都充斥着重复的结构。

是不是觉得目前的写法已经够用了? 莫急, 让我们来看看下个需求

  • 需求4：查找所有颜色为红色，并且重量小于10的所有产品

Firth Attempt: Composite Criteria

按照既有的代码结构，往往易于设计出类似ColorAndBelowWeightSpec的实现。

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ColorAndBelowWeigthSpec</span>()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">assign</span>) ProductColor color;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">assign</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> limit;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ColorAndBelowWeigthSpec</span></span>
+ (instancetype)specWithColor:(ProductColor)color beloWeigth:(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>)limit
{
    ColorAndBelowWeigthSpec *spec = [[ColorAndBelowWeigthSpec alloc] init];
    spec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.color</span> = color;
    spec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.limit</span> = limit;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> spec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> product<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.color</span> == _color || (product<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.weight</span> < _limit);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li></ul>

存在两个明显的坏味道：

  • 包含and的命名往往是违背单一职责的信号灯
  • ColorAndBelowWeightSpec的实现与ColorSpec，BelowWeightSpec之间存在明显的重复

此刻，需要寻找更本质的抽象来表达设计，and/or/not语义可以完美解决这类问题。

  • Composite Spec: AndSpec, OrSpec, NotSpec
  • Atomic Spec：ColorSpec, BeblowWeightSpec
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AndSpec</span>()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">strong</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSArray</span> *specs;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AndSpec</span></span>
+ (instancetype)spec:(ProductSpec *)spec, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION
{
    va_list args;
    va_start( args, spec );
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableArray</span> *mArray = [@[spec] mutableCopy];

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> ( ;; )
    {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> tempSpec = va_arg( args, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> );
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (tempSpec == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">nil</span>)
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;

        [mArray addObject:tempSpec];
    }
    va_end( args );

    AndSpec *andSpec = [[AndSpec alloc] init];
    andSpec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.specs</span> = [mArray copy];

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> andSpec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (ProductSpec *spec in _specs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (![spec satisfy:product]) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>;
        }
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">YES</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li></ul>
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">OrSpec</span> ()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">strong</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSArray</span> *specs;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">OrSpec</span></span>

+ (instancetype)spec:(ProductSpec *)spec, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION
{
    va_list args;
    va_start( args, spec );
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableArray</span> *mArray = [@[spec] mutableCopy];

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> ( ;; )
    {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> tempSpec = va_arg( args, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> );
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (tempSpec == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">nil</span>)
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;

        [mArray addObject:tempSpec];
    }
    va_end( args );

    OrSpec *orSpec = [[OrSpec alloc] init];
    orSpec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.specs</span> = [mArray copy];

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> orSpec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (ProductSpec *spec in _specs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ([spec satisfy:product]) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">YES</span>;
        }
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>;
}

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li></ul>
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NotSpec</span> ()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">strong</span>) ProductSpec *spec;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NotSpec</span></span>

+ (instancetype)spec:(ProductSpec *)spec
{
    NotSpec *notSpec = [[NotSpec alloc] init];
    notSpec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.spec</span> = spec;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> notSpec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (![_spec satisfy:product]) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">YES</span>;
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>

可以通过AndSpec组合ColorSpec, BelowWeightSpec来实现需求，简单漂亮，并且富有表达力。

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">findProducts:</span>_products <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">bySpec:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AndSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">spec:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ColorSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">specWithColor:</span><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RED</span>], [<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BelowWeightSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">specWithBelowWeight:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>], <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nil</span>]];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

但这样的设计存在两个严重的坏问道：

  • AndSpec与OrSpec存在明显的代码重复，OO设计的第一个直觉就是通过抽取基类来消除重复。
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">CombinableSpec</span> ()</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">strong</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSArray</span> *specs;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">CombinableSpec</span></span>

+ (instancetype)spec:(CombinableSpec *)spec, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION
{
    va_list args;
    va_start( args, spec );
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableArray</span> *mArray = [@[spec] mutableCopy];

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> ( ;; )
    {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> tempSpec = va_arg( args, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> );
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (tempSpec == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">nil</span>)
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;

        [mArray addObject:tempSpec];
    }
    va_end( args );

    CombinableSpec *combinableSpec = [[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> alloc] init];
    combinableSpec<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.specs</span> = [mArray copy];

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> combinableSpec;
}

- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>)satisfy:(Product *)product
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (ProductSpec *spec in _specs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ([spec satisfy:product] == _shortcut) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> _shortcut;
        }
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> !_shortcut;
}

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li></ul>
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AndSpec</span></span>
- (instancetype)init
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> = [<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span> init];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.shortcut</span> = <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>;
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">OrSpec</span></span>

- (instancetype)init
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> = [<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span> init];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.shortcut</span> = <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">YES</span>;
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>
  • 大堆的初始化方法让人眼花缭乱
<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">findProducts:</span>_products <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">bySpec:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">NotSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">spec:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AndSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">spec:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ColorSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">specWithColor:</span><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RED</span>], [<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BelowWeightSpec</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">specWithBelowWeight:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>], <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nil</span>]]];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

Sixth Attempt: Using DSL

可以引入DSL改善程序的可读性，让代码更具表达力。

我们先添加一些DSL:

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">static ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*COLOR</span>(ProductColor color)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [ColorSpec specWithColor:RED];
}

static ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*BELOWWEIGHT</span>(float limit)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [BelowWeightSpec specWithBelowWeight:limit];
}

static ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*AND</span>(ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*spec1</span>, ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*spec2</span>)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [AndSpec spec:spec1, spec2, nil];
}

static ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*OR</span>(ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*spec1</span>, ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*spec2</span>)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [OrSpec spec:spec1, spec2, nil];
}

static ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*NOT</span>(ProductSpec <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">*spec</span>)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [NotSpec spec:spec];
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>

这样我们的代码表现起来就是这样的

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> findProducts:_products bySpec:<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">NOT</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">AND</span>(COLOR(RED), BELOWWEIGHT(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)))];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

Seventh Attempt: Using a Lambda Expression

可以使用Block改善设计，增强表达力。

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSArray</span> *)findProducts:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSArray</span> *)products byBlock:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span> (^)())block
{
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableArray</span> *list = [@[] mutableCopy];
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (Product *product in products) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (block(product)) {
            [list addObject:product];
        }
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> list;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

代码现在开起来是这个样子

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> findProducts:_products byBlock:^<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">BOOL</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> p) {<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [p color] == RED;}];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

构造DSL，复用这些Block

<code class="hljs rsl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">ProductSpecBlock <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span>(ProductColor <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span>)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> ^BOOL(id p) {<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [p <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span>] == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">color</span>;};
}

ProductSpecBlock weightBelow(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> limit)
{
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> ^BOOL(id p) {<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [p weight] < limit;};
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-pp" style="box-sizing: border-box;">- <span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(void)</span>test7_2
{
    [self findProducts:_products byBlock:color<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RED</span>)</span>];
}</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

Eighth attempt: Using NSPredicate

还可以使用标准库

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>.products <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">filteredArrayUsingPredicate:</span>[<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">NSPredicate</span> <span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">predicateWithFormat:</span>@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"weight > 10"</span>]];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

结束

Dome在 WriteLeanPrograms目录下

https://github.com/uxyheaven/SomeDemo

今天的编码就到此为止了, 这篇文章本是Horance所写, 笔者将用OC实现了一遍.如果咱们不是iOS Developer的话, 还是有其他attempt的, 如泛型.

作者介绍

清风飞杨
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iOS小技巧–用runtime 解决UIButton 重复点击问题什么是这个问题我们的按钮是点击一次响应一次, 即使频繁的点击也不会出问题, 可是某些场景下还偏偏就是会出问题. 通常是如何解决我们通常会在按钮点击的时候设置这个按钮不可点击. 等待0.xS的延时后,在设置回来; 或者在操作结束的时候设置可以点击.- (IBAction)clickBtn1:(UIbutton *)sender {
ios和ios_base
最新发布
09-10
iOS和iOS Base是两个与苹果公司的移动操作系统相关的概念。 iOS是苹果公司开发的移动操作系统，它运行在iPhone、iPad和iPod Touch等设备上。iOS提供了丰富的应用程序生态系统，并具有用户友好的界面和流畅的性能。开发者可以使用Objective-C或Swift编程语言来开发iOS应用程序。 iOS Base是指iOS操作系统的基础框架，它提供了一系列的核心服务和功能，包括操作系统内核、系统服务、网络通信、图形绘制、音频视频处理等。iOS Base为开发者提供了一组高级API，使他们能够构建功能丰富的iOS应用程序。 总体而言，iOS是一个完整的移动操作系统，而iOS Base则是其基础框架，为开发者提供了构建应用程序所需的各种核心功能和服务。

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