Xcode 报错及警告消除

文／简书坤（简书作者）
原文链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/11bc11a00f7f
著作权归作者所有，转载请联系作者获得授权，并标注“简书作者”。

一.Unknown class XXX in Interface Builder file

1.错误出现后的现象:

(1)例如第一次是自定义的 CornerButton 文件没有找到 导致所有界面中用到 这个试图的 button 都没能正确的变为圆角，但是编译不会出错 (打印信息1)

打印信息1

(2)再次出现是在 一个 XXXViewController 导致的结果是 编译不会报错，但是当点击到跳转该界面是会 崩溃，并且报错信息为 一个动态库的错误 “libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException”（如图 崩溃信息1）<勘误1>

崩溃信息1

2.解决办法

到 project -> targets -> build phasses -> compile Sources 中添加所报的 unknown class... 例如 添加 CornerButton.m 文件(如图 解决办法1)

解决办法1

补充:Undefined symbols for architecturei386:(或者x8_64:) 如果缺少类库，则在Link Binary With Libraries中加入该类库。

二.CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor: invalid context 0x0.

1.报错名称 : CGContextSaveGState: invalid context 0x0.  CGContextDrawPath: invalid context 0x0.等。我这里编译时并没有报错也无警告，直到运行时才在控制台打印了一系列的<Error>信息 如下图(错误信息)

错误信息

出现这类错误的原因是没有在 view 的 -drawRect:  方法中对 layer 进行了不适当的操作 例如 UIBezierPath 的 - (void)setFill; - (void)setStroke; 方法  UIColor 的 - (void)setFill; - (void)setStroke;方法 等。

2.解决方法

(1).把有关于 view layer 层的操作单独封装到一个 view 类的 -drawRect: 方法中

(2).不要调用 相关的方法 ，官方一般都给了注释，com+单击 就可查看：如下图（官方给定的限制->drawing context）

官方给定的限制->drawing context

勘误：

1.并不是所有缺少 XXXViewController 都会在跳转的时候导致崩溃，但是如果 这个VC有关联的sb或者xib文件时一定会崩溃。如下图（勘误1）是 Unknown class ViewController1 in Interface Builder file 时，ViewController1 中的关联失效

勘误1

三.关于xib或者SB中的两个警告的问题(在兼容iOS6.0时出现)

3.1.1 警告及原因： Automatic Preferred Max Layout Width before iOS 8.0 (或者是：Automatic Preferred Max Layout Width is not available on iOS versions prior to 8.0  。具体警告应该和 XCode版本有关，我的是XCode7.1正式版的)，警告出现在‘UILabel’的约束中，出现次警告的设置如下图

2个警告的示例

设置了行数为0时出现

3.1.2 解决办法：如下图设置

如图勾选并填写

解释：1.为什么会填入300？ 这是因为我设置的 约束为 距离屏幕左右各为10的距离 然后考虑到，运行在iPhone4s 上 因此 设为 屏幕的宽320 减去 边距 10 ，10  

        2.Preferred Width(自动换行最大宽度) 设置为300 会不会影响在 6和6p上的换行？不会的 运行效果如下图，只有在到达约束的限制距离时 才会启动换行

6p上的表现

4s上的表现

3.2 'Jusitfied or Natural text alignment before iOS 7.0'

出现的警告原因已经很明确了，对 ‘UILabel’ 的 textAligment 的设置不兼容 iOS 7.0 之前的系统，出现的原因如下图:

不兼容iOS7.0之前的对齐方式如箭头所指

解决方法：十分简单 ，根据需求选择图中圈中的任意一种对齐方式即可(创建的时候一定要仔细要不你就要和我一样该一中午的sb和xib文件了)

四.集成了某些第三方后突然出现200+的警告（如下）

warning: /Users/qiandong/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/ModuleCache/OJZ27JBFTDXF/ObjectiveC-1AJ1UYHO2U5H0.pcm: No object file for requested architecture

warning: Could not resolve external type c:objc(cs)NSObject
warning: Could not resolve external type c:objc(cs)NSString
warning: Could not resolve external type c:objc(cs)NSMutableDictionary

等等。。大量的相似警告

解决办法：如下图设置即可

设置后清理工程在运行就没了

(具体原因：说法好多，也不知道该怎么解释了，可以自己 google )

四."std::__1::__vector_base_common::__throw_length_error() const", referenced from: 等一大堆类此错误

1.报错形式如下

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:  "std::__1::__vector_base_common::__throw_length_error() const", referenced from:      cv::SparseMat::resizeHashTab(unsigned long) in opencv2(matrix.o)      std::__1::vector>::__append(unsigned long) in opencv2(matrix.o)      std::__1::vector>::__append(unsigned long) in opencv2(matrix.o)      std::__1::enable_if<(__is_forward_iterator::value) && (is_constructible::reference>::value), void>::type std::__1::vector>::assign(cv::cuda::GpuMat*, cv::cuda::GpuMat*) in opencv2(matrix.o)      std::__1::vector>, std::__1::allocator> > >::__append(unsigned long) in opencv2(matrix.o)      std::__1::vector>, std::__1::allocator> > >::__swap_out_circular_buffer(std::__1::__split_buffer>, std::__1::allocator> >&>&) in opencv2(matrix.o)      std::__1::vector>::__append(unsigned long) in opencv2(matrix.o)      ...  "std::__1::__basic_string_common::__throw_length_error() const", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator>::str() const in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::locale::use_facet(std::__1::locale::id&) const", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_ostream>& std::__1::__put_character_sequence>(std::__1::basic_ostream>&, char const*, unsigned long) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::ios_base::getloc() const", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_ostream>& std::__1::__put_character_sequence>(std::__1::basic_ostream>&, char const*, unsigned long) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator>::resize(unsigned long, char)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator>::str(std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator>::overflow(int) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator>::push_back(char)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator>::overflow(int) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator>::~basic_string()", referenced from:      cv::ocl::kernelToStr(cv::_InputArray const&, int, char const*) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      ...  "std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator>::operator=(std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> const&)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator>::str(std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::sentry::sentry(std::__1::basic_ostream>&)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_ostream>& std::__1::__put_character_sequence>(std::__1::basic_ostream>&, char const*, unsigned long) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::sentry::~sentry()", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_ostream>& std::__1::__put_character_sequence>(std::__1::basic_ostream>&, char const*, unsigned long) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::~basic_ostream()", referenced from:      construction vtable for std::__1::basic_ostream>-in-std::__1::basic_ostringstream, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::~basic_ostream()", referenced from:      construction vtable for std::__1::basic_ostream>-in-std::__1::basic_ostringstream, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::~basic_ostream()", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      ...  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::operator<<(double)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::operator<<(float)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::operator<<(int)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      ...  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::operator<<(short)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_ostream>::operator<<(unsigned short)", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::sync()", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::imbue(std::__1::locale const&)", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::uflow()", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::setbuf(char*, long)", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::xsgetn(char*, long)", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::xsputn(char const*, long)", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::showmanyc()", referenced from:      vtable for std::__1::basic_stringbuf, std::__1::allocator> in opencv2(ocl.o)  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::basic_streambuf()", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      ...  "std::__1::basic_streambuf>::~basic_streambuf()", referenced from:      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator> cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)      std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator > cv::ocl::kerToStr(cv::Mat const&) in opencv2(ocl.o)ld:

symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64

clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation

有这么多的link STL的错误。其实，就是你编译静态库的时候使用不同版本的标准库，C++ Standard Library

类似情况会出现在 c++ 混编的情况下，如下设置可消除报错