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总结内容来源于张孝祥老师的7K面试题之银行业务调度系统
银行业务调度系统
系统的需求:
1.银行内有6个业务窗口,1 - 4号窗口为普通窗口,5号窗口为快速窗口,6号窗口为VIP窗口。
2. 有三种对应类型的客户:VIP客户,普通客户,快速客户(办理如交水电费、电话费之类业务的客户)。
3. 异步随机生成各种类型的客户,生成各类型用户的概率比例为:
VIP客户 :普通客户 :快速客户 = 1 :6 :3。
4. 客户办理业务所需时间有最大值和最小值,在该范围内随机设定每个VIP客户以及普通客户办理业务所需的时间,快速客户办理业务所需时间为最小值(提示:办理业务的过程可通过线程Sleep的方式模拟)。
5.各类型客户在其对应窗口按顺序依次办理业务。
6.当VIP(6号)窗口和快速业务(5号)窗口没有客户等待办理业务的时候,这两个窗口可以处理普通客户的业务,而一旦有对应的客户等待办理业务的时候,则优先处理对应客户的业务。
7.随机生成客户时间间隔以及业务办理时间最大值和最小值自定,可以设置。
8.不要求实现GUI,只考虑系统逻辑实现,可通过Log方式展现程序运行结果。
系统的分析:
1 . 取号机(NumberMachine)
取号机是唯一的 , 所以设计为单例模式 , 取号机中定义3个号码管理器(NumberManager) , 普通 , 快速, VIP
2. 号码管理器(NumberManager)
号码管理器里有2个方法 , 一个方法generateNewNumber()负责产生号码 , 并存入集合 , 另一个方法fetchServiceNumber()负责取号.
3 . 服务窗口(ServiceWindow)
服务窗口中创建了窗口类型的标记type , 因窗口类型只有三种 , 是固定的 , 所以就想到了创建枚举Enum , 里面3个元素分别对应3个窗口
一个start()方法 , 用于启动窗口 , 创建线程 , 使每次启动start()方法都是独立的一个线程 , 用switch方法判断type类型 , 调用与之对应的窗口服务方法
为每个窗口创建不同实现的方法 .
4 . main方法中, 创建4个普通窗口 , 1个快速窗口 , 1个VIP窗口 , 然后再分别创建3个定时器线程 , 来取3种类型的客户 , 客户的比例在定时器中设置 .
下面是代码:
- package com.study.bank;
- //取号机,设计为单例模式
- public class NumberMachine {
- private static NumberMachine instance =new NumberMachine();
- private NumberMachine(){}
- public static NumberMachine getInstance(){
- return instance;
- }
- //定义3个号码管理器
- private NumberManager commonManager = new NumberManager();
- private NumberManager expressManager = new NumberManager();
- private NumberManager vipManager = new NumberManager();
- public NumberManager getCommonManager() {
- return commonManager;
- }
- public NumberManager getExpressManager() {
- return expressManager;
- }
- public NumberManager getVipManager() {
- return vipManager;
- }
- }
- package com.study.bank;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- //号码管理器
- public class NumberManager {
- private int lastNumber = 1;
- private List<Integer> queueNumber = new ArrayList<Integer>();
- //产生号码并存入集合
- public synchronized Integer generateNewNumber(){
- queueNumber.add(lastNumber);
- return lastNumber++;
- }
- //取号,返回值类型定义成Integer的目的,防止集合中没有元素,返回null,null和int会产生NullPointException
- public synchronized Integer fetchServiceNumber(){
- if(queueNumber.size() > 0)
- return queueNumber.remove(0);
- return null;
- }
- }
- package com.study.bank;
- //枚举,3种类型的客户
- public enum CustomerType {
- COMMON,EXPRESS,VIP;
- public String toString(){
- switch(this){
- case COMMON:
- return "普通";
- case EXPRESS:
- return "快速";
- case VIP:
- return "VIP";
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
- package com.study.bank;
- //常量值
- public class Constans {
- public static int MAX_SERVICE_TIME = 10000;
- public static int MIN_SERVICE_TIME = 1000;
- public static int COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME = 1;
- }
- package com.study.bank;
- import java.util.Random;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- //服务窗口
- public class ServiceWindow {
- //区分窗口类型的变量
- private CustomerType type = CustomerType.COMMON;
- //某窗口的窗口号
- private int windowId = 1;
- public void setType(CustomerType type) {
- this.type = type;
- }
- public void setWindowId(int windowId) {
- this.windowId = windowId;
- }
- //窗口开始启动叫号方法,根据上面的type标记判断窗口类型,执行对应的窗口服务
- public void start(){
- Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- while(true){
- switch(type){
- case COMMON:
- commonService();
- break;
- case EXPRESS:
- expressService();
- break;
- case VIP:
- vipService();
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- });
- }
- //普通窗口服务方法
- private void commonService() {
- String windowName = "第"+windowId+"号"+type+"窗口";
- Integer number = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().fetchServiceNumber();
- System.out.println(windowName+"正在获取任务");
- if(number != null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "正在为第" + number+ "个普通客户服务");
- long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
- int maxRand = Constans.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- long serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRand)+1+Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
- long time = endTime - beginTime;
- System.out
- .println(windowName +"为第"+number+"个普通客户完成服务,耗时"+time/1000+"秒");
- }
- else{
- System.out.println(windowName+"没有取到任务,先休息1秒钟");
- try {
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- //快速窗口服务方法
- private void expressService() {
- String windowName = "第"+windowId+"号"+type+"窗口";
- Integer number = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().fetchServiceNumber();
- System.out.println(windowName+"正在获取任务");
- if(number != null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "正在为第" + number+ "个" + type + "客户服务");
- long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
- //int maxRand = Constans.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- //long serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRand)+1+Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
- long time = endTime - beginTime;
- System.out.println(windowName+"为第"+number+"个"+type+"客户完成服务,耗时"+time/1000+"秒");
- }
- else{
- System.out.println(windowName+"没有取到任务");
- commonService();
- try {
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- //VIP窗口服务方法
- private void vipService() {
- String windowName = "第"+windowId+"号"+type+"窗口";
- Integer number = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().fetchServiceNumber();
- System.out.println(windowName+"正在获取任务");
- if(number != null){
- System.out.println(windowName + "正在为第" + number+ "个" + type + "客户服务");
- long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
- int maxRand = Constans.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- long serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRand)+1+Constans.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
- try {
- Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
- long time = endTime - beginTime;
- System.out.println(windowName+"为第"+number+"个"+type+"客户完成服务,耗时"+time/1000+"秒");
- }
- else{
- System.out.println(windowName+"没有取到任务");
- commonService();
- try {
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- package com.study.bank;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- public class MainClass {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- for(int i=1; i<5; i++){
- ServiceWindow commonWindow = new ServiceWindow();
- commonWindow.setType(CustomerType.COMMON);
- commonWindow.setWindowId(i);
- commonWindow.start();
- }
- ServiceWindow expressWindow = new ServiceWindow();
- expressWindow.setType(CustomerType.EXPRESS);
- expressWindow.setWindowId(5);
- expressWindow.start();
- ServiceWindow vipWindow = new ServiceWindow();
- vipWindow.setType(CustomerType.VIP);
- vipWindow.setWindowId(6);
- vipWindow.start();
- Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- Integer number = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().generateNewNumber();
- System.out.println(number + "号普通客户等待服务");
- }
- },
- 0,
- Constans.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- Integer number = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().generateNewNumber();
- System.out.println(number + "号快速客户等待服务");
- }
- },
- 0,
- Constans.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME*2,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- Integer number = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().generateNewNumber();
- System.out.println(number + "号VIP客户等待服务");
- }
- },
- 0,
- Constans.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME*6,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
- }