注解
/**
* Scroll the view with standard behavior for scrolling beyond the normal
* content boundaries. Views that call this method should override
* {@link #onOverScrolled(int, int, boolean, boolean)} to respond to the
* results of an over-scroll operation.
*
* Views can use this method to handle any touch or fling-based scrolling.
*
* @param deltaX Change in X in pixels
* @param deltaY Change in Y in pixels
* @param scrollX Current X scroll value in pixels before applying deltaX
* @param scrollY Current Y scroll value in pixels before applying deltaY
* @param scrollRangeX Maximum content scroll range along the X axis
* @param scrollRangeY Maximum content scroll range along the Y axis
* @param maxOverScrollX Number of pixels to overscroll by in either direction
* along the X axis.
* @param maxOverScrollY Number of pixels to overscroll by in either direction
* along the Y axis.
* @param isTouchEvent true if this scroll operation is the result of a touch event.
* @return true if scrolling was clamped to an over-scroll boundary along either
* axis, false otherwise.
*/
* Scroll the view with standard behavior for scrolling beyond the normal
* content boundaries. Views that call this method should override
* {@link #onOverScrolled(int, int, boolean, boolean)} to respond to the
* results of an over-scroll operation.
*
* Views can use this method to handle any touch or fling-based scrolling.
*
* @param deltaX Change in X in pixels
* @param deltaY Change in Y in pixels
* @param scrollX Current X scroll value in pixels before applying deltaX
* @param scrollY Current Y scroll value in pixels before applying deltaY
* @param scrollRangeX Maximum content scroll range along the X axis
* @param scrollRangeY Maximum content scroll range along the Y axis
* @param maxOverScrollX Number of pixels to overscroll by in either direction
* along the X axis.
* @param maxOverScrollY Number of pixels to overscroll by in either direction
* along the Y axis.
* @param isTouchEvent true if this scroll operation is the result of a touch event.
* @return true if scrolling was clamped to an over-scroll boundary along either
* axis, false otherwise.
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"UnusedParameters"})
protected boolean overScrollBy(int deltaX, int deltaY,
int scrollX, int scrollY,
int scrollRangeX, int scrollRangeY,
int maxOverScrollX, int maxOverScrollY,
boolean isTouchEvent)
protected boolean overScrollBy(int deltaX, int deltaY,
int scrollX, int scrollY,
int scrollRangeX, int scrollRangeY,
int maxOverScrollX, int maxOverScrollY,
boolean isTouchEvent)
maxOverScrollX、maxOverScrollY默认为0
注:
只有当listview不能单一屏幕显示时才有该效果
转载内容
第一部分 原理分析
IOS上的bounce功能给人的感觉很爽,当一个可以滚动的区域被拖到边界时,它允许用户将内容拖过界,放手后再弹回来,以一种非常棒的方式提示了用户边界的存在,是IOS的一大特色。android2.3新增了overscroll功能,听名字就知道应该是bounce功能的翻版,但也许是出于专利方面的考虑,google的默认实现跟IOS有所不同,它只是在list拖到边界处时做了一个发光的动画,个人觉得体验比IOS差远了。而且这个黄色的发光在黑色背景下虽然效果不错,在其它背景下可就难说了,因此很多人想要关掉它。日前google上搜索“android overscroll”,对此效果的介绍很多,但关于其具体使用方式和实现,则很少涉及,偶有提及,也经常答非所问或似是而非,反而误导了别人。于是我查阅了android相关源码,并做了一些测试,在此讲讲我的理解。
首先是overscroll功能本身,在最顶层的View类提供了支持,可通过setOverScrollMode函数控制其出现条件。但其实View中并没有实现overscroll功能,它仅仅提供了一个辅助函数overScrollBy,该函数根据overScrollMode和内容是否需要滚动控制最大滚动范围,最后将计算结果传给onOverScrolled实现具体的overscroll功能,但此函数在View类中是全空的。
overscroll功能真正的实现分别在ScrollView、AbsListView、HorizontalScrollView和WebView中各有一份,代码基本一样。以ScrollView为例,它在处理笔点移动消息时调用overScrollBy来滚动视图,然后重载了overScrollBy函数来实现具体功能,其位置计算通过OverScroller类实现。OverScroller作为一个计算引擎,应该是一个独立的模块,具体滚动效果和范围都不可能通过它来设置,我觉得没有必要细看。但滚动位置最终是它给出的,那相关数据肯定要传递给它,回头看overScrollBy函数,它有两个控制overScroll出界范围的参数,几个实现里面都是取自ViewConfiguration.getScaledOverscrollDistance,而这个参数的值在我的源码中都是0,而且我没找到任何可以影响其结果的设置。
真悲催,绕了半天,android的默认实现里面根本没有给出overscroll功能,它只是提供了实现机制,要想用起来还得应用程序自己显式重写相关控件,估计还有一层隐含的意思,法律风险自负。在我的系统中一试,果然一个像素都不能拉出界。但那个闪光是怎么回事呢?
在处理笔点消息处,overScrollBy后面不远处有一段mEdgeGlowTop的操作代码,看名字就像,用它一搜,相关机制就全明白了。mEdgeGlowTop在setOverScrollMode函数时创建,它使用的图片都是系统中固有的,甚至不能通过theme改变。它的实现原理也很简单,仅仅是两张png图片的合成,通过透明度的变化制造闪光的效果。更无语的是它既不能被应用程序访问,也不受任何控制,要关闭它的唯一办法是setOverScrollMode(View.OVER_SCROLL_NEVER)。否则就重写onTouchEvent函数吧,想干啥都可以,只是得自己做。
谈到overScroll,很多文章都提到了ListView的setOverscrollHeader和setOverscrollFooter,很多人想通过这个来控制那个闪光效果。这两玩意不但可以通过函数设置,也可以在xml中指定,相当方便。但最后很多人发现没有任何作用,百思不得其解。其实这两张图片是用来作为overScroll拖过界时的背景的,默认系统不能拖过界,自然永远都看不到,有些定制的系统中能拖出界几个像素,但也很难看清。
第二部分 代码实现
1. 在View中增加了overSrollBy方法,用于记录x, y 轴上滚动。
2. 在AbsListView的onTouchEvent中判断是否到达边界(顶部 或 底部) ,然后调用view.overScrollBy ,传入 mScrollY等参数
3. overScrollBy 最终赋值给View的mScrollX, mScrollY 两个变量
4. 在AbsListView中调用完overScrollBy之后,调用invalidate重绘
自定义ListView
- public class BounceListView extends ListView{
- private static final int MAX_Y_OVERSCROLL_DISTANCE = 200;
- private Context mContext;
- private int mMaxYOverscrollDistance;
- public BounceListView(Context context){
- super(context);
- mContext = context;
- initBounceListView();
- }
- public BounceListView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs){
- super(context, attrs);
- mContext = context;
- initBounceListView();
- }
- public BounceListView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle){
- super(context, attrs, defStyle);
- mContext = context;
- initBounceListView();
- }
- private void initBounceListView(){
- //get the density of the screen and do some maths with it on the max overscroll distance
- //variable so that you get similar behaviors no matter what the screen size
- final DisplayMetrics metrics = mContext.getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
- final float density = metrics.density;
- mMaxYOverscrollDistance = (int) (density * MAX_Y_OVERSCROLL_DISTANCE);
- }
- @Override
- protected boolean overScrollBy(int deltaX, int deltaY, int scrollX, int scrollY, int scrollRangeX, int scrollRangeY, int maxOverScrollX, int maxOverScrollY, boolean isTouchEvent){
- //This is where the magic happens, we have replaced the incoming maxOverScrollY with our own custom variable mMaxYOverscrollDistance;
- return super.overScrollBy(deltaX, deltaY, scrollX, scrollY, scrollRangeX, scrollRangeY, maxOverScrollX, mMaxYOverscrollDistance, isTouchEvent);
- }
- }
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
- linearLayout.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT));
- setContentView(linearLayout);
- BounceListView bounceListView = new BounceListView(this);
- String[] data = new String[30];
- for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
- data[i] = "回弹效果 " + i;
- }
- ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter =
- new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, data);
- bounceListView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
- linearLayout.addView(bounceListView);
- }
- }