Hadoop,往map/reduce中传值的问题解决方法实例

Hadoop,往map/reduce中传值的问题解决方法实例

最近在看一些map/reduce的程序,其中遇到一个问题:就是在类中定义的属性无法被mapreduce程序直接获取。

具体代码如下

public class KeyJob {

    public static class myMap extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
        private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
        private Text word = new Text();
        private final static List<String> target_words = new ArrayList<String>();

        @Override
        public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
            String[] items = value.toString().split(",");
            for (String item : items) {
                if (target_words.contains(item)) { 
                    word.set(item);
                    context.write(word, one);
                }
            }
        }


        public static void add(String word) {
            target_words.add(word);
            for (String s : target_words) {
                System.out.println(s);
            }
            System.out.println("------");
        }
    }

    public static class myReduce extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {

        @Override
        public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context context)
                throws IOException, InterruptedException {
            int sum = 0;
            for (IntWritable val : values) {
                sum += val.get();
            }
            context.write(key, new IntWritable(sum));
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String job_name="keywordcount";
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.default.name","hdfs://bigdata:9000");
         conf.set ("mapred.job.tracker", "bigdata:9001");

         Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
         String str=scanner.next();
        //  Add to target
        String[] target_words = str.split(",");
        for (String word : target_words) {
            myMap.add(word.toLowerCase());
        }

        Job job = new Job(conf, job_name);
        job.setJarByClass(KeyJob.class);
        job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);

        job.setMapperClass(myMap.class);
        job.setReducerClass(myReduce.class);
        FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path("/user/hadoop/input/"+job_name+"/"));
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("/user/hadoop/out/"+job_name));

        job.waitForCompletion(true);
    }

}

如果说按java代码的逻辑去理解是没有问题的
然而一个奇怪的坑就出现了

这里的target_words是没有值的,导致程序不会进入if语句里面,最后我们想查找的单词输出为空。而我们明明是赋过值的
这里写图片描述

这里写图片描述
查阅资料发现,原来map reduce是无法直接读取到target_words里面的值的。因为执行的main函数是在作业发布的客户端的JVM进程里对target_words赋的值,而你要取的target_words值则是在另外一个JVM里,即TASK运行的MAP这JVM进程里,所以这个值无法传递过去。

解决办法

通过 Configuration 来传递参数
在main函数中将要传递的值通过conf 来 set进去
这里写图片描述
然后在执行函数里面将set的值读取出来
这里写图片描述
问题解决

源码

以下是完整源码,笔者无偿共享,笔者被这个问题坑了一整天,希望大家多多交流,不要犯类似的问题。

package com.zlf.job;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.TextOutputFormat;

import com.zlf.util.HdUtil;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Run {
    private static List<String> target_words = new ArrayList<String>();

    public static class WordMap extends
            Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
        private final IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
        private Text word = new Text();

        protected void setup(
                Context context)
                throws IOException, InterruptedException {

            /** 通过conf把传入的值取出来*/
            Configuration conf=context.getConfiguration();
            String keywords=conf.get("keywords");
            String[] key_words=keywords.split(",");
            for ( String word : key_words) {
                target_words.add(word);
                System.out.println(word);
            }
        };

        protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)
                throws java.io.IOException, InterruptedException {
            String[] items = value.toString().split(",");

            /** 手动添加list内容 */
            // target_words.add("what");
            // target_words.add("do");
            // target_words.add("to");

            for (String item : items) {

                /** 测试单词统计功能 */
                // word.set(target_words.get(1));//不手动赋值发现get第一个元素
                // 会出现数组越界--说明target_words里面是没有值的
                // context.write(word,one );


                /** 测试contains关键词统计功能 */
                if (target_words.contains(item)) {
                    System.out.println(item);
                    word.set(item);
                    context.write(word, one);
                }

            }
        }

    }

    public static class Myreduce extends
            Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {

        protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,
                Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
            int sum = 0;
            for (IntWritable val : values) {
                sum += val.get();
            }
            context.write(key, new IntWritable(sum));
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String job_name = "keywordcount";
        boolean flag = HdUtil.removeDir("/user/hadoop/out/" + job_name);
        System.out.println(flag);
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.set("fs.default.name", "hdfs://bigdata:9000");
        conf.set("mapred.job.tracker", "bigdata:9001");
        if (args.length < 1) {
            System.out
                    .println("Usage: wordcount <input_path> <output_path> <keyword_list>");
            return;
        }
        /** 控制台进行输入 */
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String str = scanner.next();
        // String[] target_words = str.split(",");
        // for (String word : target_words) {
        // add(word.toLowerCase());
        // }

        conf.set("keywords", str);//将输入的值存入conf中,以备map取用

        /** 命令行进行输入 */
        // String[] target_words = args[0].split(",");
        // for (String word : target_words) {
        // add(word.toLowerCase());
        // }

        Job job = new Job(conf, job_name);
        job.setJarByClass(Run.class);
        job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);

        job.setMapperClass(WordMap.class);
        job.setReducerClass(Myreduce.class);

         job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
         job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);

        FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path("/user/hadoop/input/"
                + job_name + "/"));
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("/user/hadoop/out/"
                + job_name));

        job.waitForCompletion(true);
    }

}

以上是对指定关键词进行统计的程序。
原数据文件

There,are,moments,in,life,when,you,miss,someone,so,much,that
you,just,want,to,pick,them,from,your,dreams,and,hug,them
for,real!,Dream,what,you,want,to,dream;go,where,you,want
to,go;be,what,you,want,to,be,because,you,have,only,one,life
and,one,chance,to,do,all,the,things,you,want,to,do

运行日志文件

文件夹是否存在:true
true
you,do,to,and,what
17/01/10 14:21:12 WARN mapred.JobClient: Use GenericOptionsParser for parsing the arguments. Applications should implement Tool for the same.
17/01/10 14:21:12 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
17/01/10 14:21:12 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
17/01/10 14:21:12 WARN snappy.LoadSnappy: Snappy native library not loaded
17/01/10 14:21:12 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_201701100106_0025
17/01/10 14:21:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
17/01/10 14:21:17 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
17/01/10 14:21:24 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 33%
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 100%
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_201701100106_0025
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 26
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Job Counters 
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     SLOTS_MILLIS_MAPS=4622
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Launched reduce tasks=1
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Total time spent by all reduces waiting after reserving slots (ms)=0
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Total time spent by all maps waiting after reserving slots (ms)=0
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Launched map tasks=1
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Data-local map tasks=1
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     SLOTS_MILLIS_REDUCES=8716
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:   FileSystemCounters
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_READ=190
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS_BYTES_READ=416
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_WRITTEN=116939
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS_BYTES_WRITTEN=29
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=5
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce shuffle bytes=190
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Spilled Records=38
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=146
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Total committed heap usage (bytes)=160501760
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     CPU time spent (ms)=1020
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=0
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     SPLIT_RAW_BYTES=127
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=19
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=5
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=0
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=248950784
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=5
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=3875409920
17/01/10 14:21:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=19

输出结果文件

and 2
do  2
to  6
what    2
you 7

本博客参考了 数据手艺人的博客
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhengrunjian/p/4536572.html

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