INFORMIX 11.7 软件安装配置详细解释

Linux Redhat下安装Informix11.7 －－详细操作
本文详细描述在Linux Redhat下安装Informix11.7，如何准备裸设备，以及快速初始化Informix数据库。创建必要的dbspace。
本文目标是在Redhat下安装Informix11.7版本，并创建数据库实例demoserver，并采用裸设备raw device作为chunk。实例包含rootdbs,plogdbs,llogdbs,2个临时表空间tmpdbs01,tmpdbs02以及6个数据表空间datadbs01--datadbs06。并创建一个数据库testdb。
将Informix安装过程分成如下7个步骤：
1.创建用户
2.创建裸设备
3.安装Informix软件
4.初始化Informix实例
5.创建表空间dbspace
6.简单配置数据库参数
7.创建数据库testdb
如下为具体操作过程：

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1.创建用户并设置用户环境
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1.1. 创建用户
创建informix用户组，并创建informix用户，并设置informix用户密码。
groupadd informix
useradd -g informix -d /opt/informix -s /bin/bash -m informix
passwd informix
1.2. 修改informix用户环境变量
设置informix用户环境变量， 设置：INFORMIXSERVER,INFORMIXDIR, ONCONFIG,INFORMIXSQLHOSTS,PATH,TERMCAP等informix实例相关环境变量。
$ cd /opt/informix
 $ vi .bashrc
 #Define the env for INFORMIX
 ######################################################
 INFORMIXSERVER=demoserver
 INFORMIXDIR="/opt/informix"
 ONCONFIG=onconfig.demoserver
 INFORMIXSQLHOSTS="/opt/informix/etc/sqlhosts.demo"
 PATH=${INFORMIXDIR}/bin:.:/usr/bin:${PATH}
 export INFORMIXSERVER INFORMIXDIR ONCONFIG INFORMIXSQLHOSTS PATH
 GL_DATE="%m/%d/%iy"
 DATETIME="%iY-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
 export GL_DATE DATETIME
 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${INFORMIXDIR}/lib:${INFORMIXDIR}/lib/esql:${INFORMIXDIR}/lib/cli:${INFORMIXDIR}}/extend/TimeSeries.4.01.FC8/lib
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 TERM=vt100
 export TERM
 export TERMCAP=${INFORMIXDIR}/etc/termcap
 export INFORMIXTERM=termcap

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2.创建裸设备
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在Redhat下准备informix所需要的裸设备，一共11个裸设备。1个400M的作为rootdbs，其他10个作为其他dbspaces所用。数量和具体大小，可根据实际数据库情况进行确定。
Linux Redhat下创建裸设备分成如下小步骤。
使用目前已有vg： vg_sgr下的free space来创建lv，生产raw device。
2.1 创建lv
lvcreate -L 400M -n lv400m vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_1 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_2 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_3 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_4 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_5 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_6 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_7 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_8 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_9 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_10 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_11 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_12 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_13 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_14 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_15 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_16 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_17 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_18 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_19 vg_sgr
lvcreate -L 2G -n lv2g_20 vg_sgr
2.2 绑定 lv --> raw device
cat /etc/rc.d/rc.local
raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv400m
raw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_1
raw /dev/raw/raw3 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_2
raw /dev/raw/raw4 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_3
raw /dev/raw/raw5 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_4
raw /dev/raw/raw6 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_5
raw /dev/raw/raw7 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_6
raw /dev/raw/raw8 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_7
raw /dev/raw/raw9 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_8
raw /dev/raw/raw10 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_9
raw /dev/raw/raw11 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_10
raw /dev/raw/raw12 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_11
raw /dev/raw/raw13 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_12
raw /dev/raw/raw14 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_13
raw /dev/raw/raw15 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_14
raw /dev/raw/raw16 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_15
raw /dev/raw/raw17 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_16
raw /dev/raw/raw18 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_17
raw /dev/raw/raw19 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_18
raw /dev/raw/raw20 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_19
raw /dev/raw/raw21 /dev/mapper/vg_sgr-lv2g_20

2.3 设定裸设备用户、权限规则
cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
 
 
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv400m",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_2",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_3",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_4",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_5",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_6",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_7",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw8 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_8",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw9 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_9",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw10 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_10",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw11 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_11",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw12 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_12",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw13 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_13",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw14 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_14",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw15 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_15",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw16 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_16",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw17 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_17",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw18 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_18",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw19 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_19",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw20 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="vg_sgr-lv2g_20",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw21 %N"


ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw1", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw2", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw3", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw4", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw5", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw6", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw7", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw8", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw9", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw10", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw11", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw12", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw13", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw14", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw15", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw16", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw17", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw18", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw19", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw20", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw21", OWNER="informix", GROUP="informix", MODE="660"
2.4 启动裸设备
start_udev
2.5. 创建链接文件 informix用户:
为裸设备创建链接文件，链接文件可以屏蔽设备的具体路径，在系统迁移等场景更灵活。
并修改邻接文件的用户、权限属性。
vi ln.sh
ln -s /dev/raw/raw1 /opt/dbs/rootdbs
ln -s /dev/raw/raw2 /opt/dbs/plogdbs
ln -s /dev/raw/raw3 /opt/dbs/llogdbs
ln -s /dev/raw/raw4 /opt/dbs/tmpdbs01
ln -s /dev/raw/raw5 /opt/dbs/tmpdbs02
ln -s /dev/raw/raw6 /opt/dbs/datadbs01
ln -s /dev/raw/raw7 /opt/dbs/datadbs02
ln -s /dev/raw/raw8 /opt/dbs/datadbs03
ln -s /dev/raw/raw9 /opt/dbs/datadbs04
ln -s /dev/raw/raw10 /opt/dbs/datadbs05
ln -s /dev/raw/raw11 /opt/dbs/datadbs06
.....
chown informix:informix *dbs*
chmod 660 *dbs*
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3.安装Informix软件
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3.1. 准备informix安装包
下载获取informix11.7安装包，这里安装包名为： Informix117FC4_Linux.tar。并将文件ftp至/opt/informix/setup目录
 su - informix
 $ cd /opt/informix/setup
 $ cp /opt/dbs/Informix117FC4_Linux.tar.tar .
 $ ls -rlt
 -rw-rw-r-- 1 informix informix 449167360 Mar 1 16:32 Informix117FC4_Linux.tar
 解压安装包
 $ tar -xvf *.tar
   ...
 解压后有安装程序ids_install
 $ ls
 bundle.properties ICONNECT JDBC
 CSDK ids_install README.html
 IBM_Data_Server_Driver_Package Informix117FC4_Linux.tar SERVER
3.2. 安装Informix软件
 采用root用户安装，按照提示按照即可。其中选择不创建默认instance。
  $ su - informix
 $ cd /opt/informix/setup
 $ su root
 注意这里从用户informix 切换到 root 用户时，su root 而不是su - root，这样可以保留informix环境，安装时不需要即可安装到指定目录。如下为安装日志信息。
 $ ids_install
其中如下步骤选择2，其他按提示即可。
 Create a server instance?
 
   ->1- Yes - create an instance
     2- No - do not create an instance
 
 ENTER THE NUMBER FOR YOUR CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT:: 2
 
 至此,informix数据库软件安装完毕。
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4.初始化Informix实例
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按照本文目标，创建一个数据库实例demoserver
$ su - informix
$ cd /opt/informix/etc
4.1. 修改sqlhosts.demo文件
 $ vi sqlhosts.demo
  demo_on onipcshm on_hostname on_servername
  demoserver onsoctcp 9.123.147.52 9088
  demoserver_m onipcshm 9.123.147.52 9099
  注意：sqlhosts.demo与环境变量名一致，demoserver为实例名，demoserver_m为数据库实例别名。
4.2. 配置onconfig参数文件
数据库实例初始化只需要修改如下参数。
$ cp onconfig.std onconfig.demoserver
 $ vi onconfig.demoserver
    ROOTPATH /opt/dbs/rootdbs
    MSGPATH $INFORMIXDIR/online.log
    SERVERNUM 10
    DBSERVERNAME demoserver
    DBSERVERALIASES demoserver_m
    TAPEDEV /dev/null
    LTAPEDEV /dev/null
4.3. 初始化数据库实例
运行oninit -viy初始化实例
$ oninit -viy

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 5. 创建表空间dbspace
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创建plog,llog,temp表空间及用户数据空间
5.1. 准备脚本
vi dbs.sh
onspaces -c -d plogdbs -p /opt/dbs/plogdbs -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d llogdbs -p /opt/dbs/llogdbs -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d tmpdbs01 -p /opt/dbs/tmpdbs01 -o 0 -s 200000 -t
onspaces -c -d tmpdbs02 -p /opt/dbs/tmpdbs02 -o 0 -s 200000 -t
onspaces -c -d datadbs01 -p /opt/dbs/datadbs01 -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d datadbs02 -p /opt/dbs/datadbs02 -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d datadbs03 -p /opt/dbs/datadbs03 -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d datadbs04 -p /opt/dbs/datadbs04 -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d datadbs05 -p /opt/dbs/datadbs05 -o 0 -s 2000000
onspaces -c -d datadbs06 -p /opt/dbs/datadbs06 -o 0 -s 2000000
ontape -s -L 0
 
onmode -uy
 
onparams -p -s 1999000 -d plogdbs -y
 
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
onparams -a -d llogdbs -s 100000
 
onmode -l
onmode -l
onmode -l
onmode -l
onmode -l
onmode -l
onmode -l
onmode -c
onparams -d -l 1 -y
onparams -d -l 2 -y
onparams -d -l 3 -y
onparams -d -l 4 -y
onparams -d -l 5 -y
onparams -d -l 6 -y
 
onmode -m
ontape -s -L 0
onmode -l
onmode -c
5.2. 使用脚本创建dbspaces
$ dbs.sh
 5.3. 查看dbspace及日志的创建情况
  $ onstat -l

  $ onstat -d
 
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6. 初步调整数据库参数
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vi onconfig.demoserver
MULTIPROCESSOR 1
VPCLASS cpu,num=4,noage
DBSPACETEMP tmpdbs01,tmpdbs02
BUFFERPOOL size=2K,buffers=500000,lrus=32,lru_min_dirty=50.00,lru_max_dirty=60.00
重起数据库实例
onmode -ky
oninit -vy
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7.创建数据库testdb
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dbaccess sysadmin执行如下SQL.
create database testdb in datadbs01 with buffered log;