IOS系统框架提供的两种发送Email的方法:openURL 和 MFMailComposeViewController。借助这两个方法,我们可以轻松的在应用里加入如用户反馈这类需要发送邮件的功能。
1.openURL
使用openURL调用系统邮箱客户端是我们在IOS3.0以下实现发邮件功能的主要手段。我们可以通过设置url里的相关参数来指定邮件的内容,不过其缺点很明显,这样的过程会导致程序暂时退出。下面是使用openURL来发邮件的一个小例子:
- #pragma mark - 使用系统邮件客户端发送邮件
- -(void)launchMailApp
- {
- NSMutableString *mailUrl = [[[NSMutableString alloc]init]autorelease];
- //添加收件人
- NSArray *toRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject: @"first@example.com"];
- [mailUrl appendFormat:@"mailto:%@", [toRecipients componentsJoinedByString:@","]];
- //添加抄送
- NSArray *ccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"second@example.com", @"third@example.com", nil];
- [mailUrl appendFormat:@"?cc=%@", [ccRecipients componentsJoinedByString:@","]];
- //添加密送
- NSArray *bccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"fourth@example.com", nil];
- [mailUrl appendFormat:@"&bcc=%@", [bccRecipients componentsJoinedByString:@","]];
- //添加主题
- [mailUrl appendString:@"&subject=my email"];
- //添加邮件内容
- [mailUrl appendString:@"&body=<b>email</b> body!"];
- NSString* email = [mailUrl stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: [NSURL URLWithString:email]];
- }
2.MFMailComposeViewController
MFMailComposeViewController是在IOS3.0新增的一个接口,它在MessageUI.framework中。通过调用MFMailComposeViewController,可以把邮件发送窗口集成到我们的应用里,发送邮件就不需要退出程序了。MFMailComposeViewController的使用方法:
- 1.项目中引入MessageUI.framework;
- 2.在使用的文件中导入MFMailComposeViewController.h头文件;
- 3.实现MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate,处理邮件发送事件;
- 4.调出邮件发送窗口前先使用MFMailComposeViewController里的“+ (BOOL)canSendMail”方法检查用户是否设置了邮件账户;
- 5.初始化MFMailComposeViewController,构造邮件体
#pragma mark - 在应用内发送邮件
//激活邮件功能
-(void)contactUsWithEmail
{
Class mailClass = (NSClassFromString(@"MFMailComposeViewController"));
if (!mailClass) {
NSLog(@"当前系统版本不支持应用内发送邮件功能,您可以使用mailto方法代替");
return;
}
if (![mailClass canSendMail]) {
NSLog(@"用户没有设置邮件账户!");
return;
}
[self displayMailPicker];
}
//调出邮件发送窗口
- (void)displayMailPicker
{
MFMailComposeViewController *mailPicker = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc]init];
mailPicker.mailComposeDelegate = self;
//设置主题
[mailPicker setSubject: @"智能体温计意见反馈"];
//添加收件人
NSArray *toRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject: @"1364421081@qq.com"];
[mailPicker setToRecipients: toRecipients];
//添加抄送
NSArray *ccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"second@example.com", @"third@example.com", nil];
[mailPicker setCcRecipients:ccRecipients];
//添加密送
NSArray *bccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"fourth@example.com", nil];
[mailPicker setBccRecipients:bccRecipients];
// 添加一张图片
UIImage *addPic = [UIImage imageNamed: @"Icon@2x.png"];
NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(addPic); // png
//关于mimeType:http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/index.html
[mailPicker addAttachmentData: imageData mimeType: @"" fileName: @"Icon.png"];
//添加一个pdf附件
// NSString *file = [self fullBundlePathFromRelativePath:@"高质量C++编程指南.pdf"];
// NSData *pdf = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:file];
// [mailPicker addAttachmentData: pdf mimeType: @"" fileName: @"高质量C++编程指南.pdf"];
NSString *emailBody = @"<font color='red'>如果我们的产品有不完善的地方给你带来不便,我在此表示诚挚的歉意!请赶快把你的建议告诉我们吧。</font> /n 正文";
[mailPicker setMessageBody:emailBody isHTML:YES];
[self presentViewController:mailPicker animated:YES completion:nil];
}
#pragma mark - 实现 MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError *)error
{
//关闭邮件发送窗口
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:controller completion:nil];
NSString *msg;
switch (result) {
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:
msg = @"用户取消编辑邮件";
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSaved:
msg = @"用户成功保存邮件";
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSent:
msg = @"用户点击发送,将邮件放到队列中,还没发送";
break;
case MFMailComposeResultFailed:
msg = @"用户试图保存或者发送邮件失败";
break;
default:
msg = @"";
break;
}
[self alertWithTitle:@"邮箱操作提醒" Message:msg Animation:URBAlertAnimationFlipVertical];
}
-(void)alertWithTitle:(NSString *)title Message:(NSString *)msg Animation:(URBAlertAnimation)animation
{
URBAlertView *alertView = [[URBAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:title subtitle:msg];
alertView.blurBackground = YES;
[alertView addButtonWithTitle:@"取消"];
[alertView addButtonWithTitle:@"确认"];
[alertView setHandlerBlock:^(NSInteger buttonIndex, URBAlertView *alertView) {
if (buttonIndex == 0) {
//取消动作
}else
{
//确认动作:解除绑定
NSLog(@"button tapped: index=%li", (long)buttonIndex);
}
[alertView hideWithCompletionBlock:^{
// stub
}];
}];
[alertView showWithAnimation:URBAlertAnimationTumble];
}
第二种方法的劣势也很明显,iOS系统替我们提供了一个mail中的UI,而我们却完全无法对齐进行订制,这会让那些定制化成自己风格的App望而却步,因为这样使用的话无疑太突兀了。
3、我们可以根据自己的UI设计需求来定制相应的视图以适应整体的设计。可以使用比较有名的开源SMTP协议来实现。
https://github.com/jetseven/skpsmtpmessage
在SKPSMTPMessage类中,并没有对视图进行任何的要求,它提供的都是数据层级的处理,你之需要定义好相应的发送要求就可以实现邮件发送了。至于是以什么样的方式获取这些信息,就可以根据软件的需求来确定交互方式和视图样式了。
- SKPSMTPMessage *testMsg = [[SKPSMTPMessage alloc] init];
- testMsg.fromEmail = @"test@gmail.com";
- testMsg.toEmail =@"to@gmail.com";
- testMsg.relayHost = @"smtp.gmail.com";
- testMsg.requiresAuth = YES;
- testMsg.login = @"test@gmail.com";
- testMsg.pass = @"test";
- testMsg.subject = [NSString stringWithCString:"测试" encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- testMsg.bccEmail = @"bcc@gmail.com";
- testMsg.wantsSecure = YES; // smtp.gmail.com doesn't work without TLS!
- // Only do this for self-signed certs!
- // testMsg.validateSSLChain = NO;
- testMsg.delegate = self;
- NSDictionary *plainPart = [NSDictionary
- dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"text/plain",kSKPSMTPPartContentTypeKey,
- [NSString stringWithCString:"测试正文" encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding],
- kSKPSMTPPartMessageKey,@"8bit",kSKPSMTPPartContentTransferEncodingKey,nil];
- NSString *vcfPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"vcf"];
- NSData *vcfData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:vcfPath];
- NSDictionary *vcfPart = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: @"text/directory;\r\n\tx-unix-mode=0644;\r\n\tname=\"test.vcf\"",kSKPSMTPPartContentTypeKey,
- @"attachment;\r\n\tfilename=\"test.vcf\"",kSKPSMTPPartContentDispositionKey,
- [vcfData encodeBase64ForData],kSKPSMTPPartMessageKey,@"base64",kSKPSMTPPartContentTransferEncodingKey,nil];
- testMsg.parts = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:plainPart,vcfPart,nil];
- [testMsg send];
该类也提供了相应的Delegate方法来让你更好的获知发送的状态.
- -(void)messageSent:(SKPSMTPMessage *)message;
- -(void)messageFailed:(SKPSMTPMessage *)message
- error:(NSError *)error;