本文目的:
利用开源DWR,实现客户端页面不用刷新就可以显示服务器发送过来的数据。这是一个jsp+tomcat+dwr的简单例子。具体的理论性知识参考dwr官网。
文章最后附带MyEclipse的源工程下载。
准备工作:
1、DWR官网下载3.0的jar包
地址: https://java.net/downloads/dwr/DWR_3.x/3.0_RC2/dwr.jar
2、在web工程中加入所依赖的文件
具体添加依赖文件的过程可以参考:DWR中文文档的第一章“DWR入门”,或者参考DWR官网Getting Started with DWR 中的配置。
依赖的文件有:刚才下载的dwr.jar包、Commons Logging jar
编辑配置文件
1、配置web.xml
将如下的代码添加到WEB-INF/web.xml,在web.xml中所有的<servlet>要放在一起,所有的<servlet-mapping>区域也是一样。关于web.xml的具体配置可以参考上述提供的文档。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>dwr_test</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<display-name>DWR Servlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- Remove this unless you want to use active reverse ajax -->
<init-param>
<param-name>activeReverseAjaxEnabled</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 下面是我在后文将要提到的一个servlet的设置,注意根据自己程序设置servlet-class和servlet-name区域的值 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>MySevlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>dwr_test.MySevlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<!-- 下面是我在后文将要提到的一个servlet的设置,注意根据自己程序设置url-pattern区域的值 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MySevlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/server/push</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2、配置dwr.xml
创建新的xml文件,命名为dwr。具体字段含义请参考上述给出的参考文档。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 3.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr/dwr30.dtd">
<!-- 要根据自己demo的实际情况具体设置如下的各个字段的值 -->
<dwr>
<allow>
<create creator="new" javascript="service">
<param name="class" value="dwr_test.Service" />
</create>
</allow>
</dwr>
3、推送程序
//Service.java
package dwr_test;
/*public class Service {
public String sayHello(String yourName) {
return "Hello World " + yourName;
}
}*/
import org.directwebremoting.Browser;
import org.directwebremoting.ScriptSessions;
import org.directwebremoting.ServerContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContext;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.ui.dwr.Util;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
public class Service{
public static void sendMsg(final String msg){
//WebContext wctx = WebContextFactory.get();
//Browser.withPage("/MyDWRSample/",new Runnable(){
//针对具体的页面first_test.jsp页面进行推送
String page = ServerContextFactory.get().getContextPath() + "/first_test.jsp";
//System.out.println(page);
Browser.withPage(page ,new Runnable(){
public void run(){
//ScriptSessions.addFunctionCall("show", msg);
//messageid字段是向jsp页面推送时所对应的字段,msg是要推送的消息
Util.setValue("messageid", msg);
}
});
}
}
这个程序包含的函数sendMsg负责向客户端推送消息。
4、模拟servlet,模拟请求服务
//MyServlet.java,注意工程中这个文件的名字书写错误,好囧
package dwr_test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/*import org.directwebremoting.ServerContext;
import org.directwebremoting.ServerContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory.WebContextBuilder;
import org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultWebContextBuilder;*/
public class MySevlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
/* ServerContext sc = ServerContextFactory.get () ;
WebContextBuilder webBuilder = new DefaultWebContextBuilder () ;
webBuilder.engageThread (sc.getContainer (), request, response) ;*/
doPost(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
Service.sendMsg( "time: " + df.format(new Date()) + " aaaaaa");
// out.write("aaaaa");
}
}
这个servlet用来模拟请求,当请求到来的时候,servlet调用sendMsg方法来向客户端推送当前时间以及字符串“aaaaaa”。
5、客户端页面first_test.jsp
这个页面用来接收服务器的推送。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/dwr_test/dwr/engine.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/dwr_test/dwr/util.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/dwr_test/dwr/interface/service.js'></script>
<script>
function my_onload(){
dwr.engine.setActiveReverseAjax(true);
}
function show(message){
alert(message);
document.getElementById('messageid').value=message;
}
</script>
</head>
<body οnlοad="my_onload();">
从服务端得到的消息:<br /> <input type="text" style="width:230px" id="messageid" value="" />
</body>
</html>
程序演示:
输入链接http://localhost:8080/dwr_test/first_test.jsp,打开客户端页面:
浏览器输入链接http://localhost:8080/dwr_test/server/push,模拟请求,这时客户端会显示当前时间以及字符串“aaaaaa":
MyEclipse工程下载:
http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013074465/9338055
本人刚刚接触web的东西,java也是刚开始学习,代码很劣质,希望指教。
参考
http://xiaoliang330.iteye.com/blog/1359874
http://www.yihaomen.com/article/java/551.htm