JAVAWEB开发之HttpServletResponse和HttpServletRequest详解(下)(各种乱码、验证码、重定向和转发)

HttpServletRequest获取请求头信息

 (1)获取客户机请求头
String getHeader(String name)
Enumeration<String> getHeaders(String name)
Enumeration<String> getHeaderNames()
(2)获取具体类型客户机请求头
int  getIntHead(String name)
long getDateHead(String name) 日期对应毫秒
(3)常见的请求头
   referer  记住当前网页的内容,用于防盗链
   User-Agent   判断浏览器(MSIE IE浏览器,Firefox 火狐浏览器,Chrome 谷歌浏览器)
   if-modified-since   控制缓存
 防盗链案例
 // 遍历所有请求头信息
		Enumeration<String> names = request.getHeaderNames();
		while (names.hasMoreElements()) {
			String name = names.nextElement();
			System.out.println(name + ":" + request.getHeader(name));
		}
		System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");

		System.out.println("您使用浏览器:" + request.getHeader("user-agent"));

		String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
		// 判断referer是否存在和有效
		if (referer != null && referer.startsWith("http://localhost/day6")) {
			// 不属于盗链
			response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			response.getWriter().println("机密信息");
		} else {
			// 盗链
			response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			response.getWriter().println("您的请求是盗链");
		}

HttpServletRequest获取请求参数(以及POST或GET请求乱码解决方法)

String getParameter(String name)  通过name获取一个值
String[] getParameterValues(String name) 通过name获取多个值 checkbox
Enumeration getParameterNames() 获取所有请求参数的名称
Map<String,String[]> getParameterMap()   
可以提交请求的两种方式
1>.使用<form>
执行form的submit,提交form表单。
常用表单元素
<input type=[text | password | radio | checkbox | submit ]>
<select>…<option>
<textarea>
2>.使用URL链接
<a href="http://www.163.com?name=abc&password=123"> 点击链接 </a>
这样通过?可以提交参数,&用来分隔多个参数,
效果和<form>的GET方式相同
解决乱码问题:
1)POST请求乱码
     request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
(2)GET请求乱码
   解决方案一:修改tomcat/conf/server.xml 
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
 connectionTimeout="20000" 
 redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="utf-8"/>
                                 * 必须有修改tomcat服务器配置文件权限
  解决方案二:逆向编码解码
      username = URLEncoder.encode(username,"ISO-8859-1");
      username = URLDecoder.decode(username,"UTF-8");
  解决方案三:简写的方式(推荐使用)
      username = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");
  request获取中文数据乱码(总结:)
  post提交 设置request缓冲区的编码  request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); 
  get提交  * String构造方法   username = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"utf-8");
非空有效校验
if (username != null && username.trim().length() > 0) {
System.out.println("username 有效");
}else{
   // username 无效
}

URL特殊字符转义规则:

常用转义规则
空格换成加号(+) 
+换成%2B
正斜杠(/)分隔目录和子目录 换成%2F 
问号(?)分隔URL和查询 换成%3F 
百分号(%)制定特殊字符 换成%25 
#号指定书签  换成%23 
&号分隔参数  换成%26
java.net.URLEncoder和 java.net.URLDecoder
  
URL编码和解码
1) 浏览器提交一次请求,请求中中文字符,自动进行URL编码 (由浏览器完成)
2) web服务器接收到内容之后,自动URL解码 
URLEncoder 完成URL编码 , URLDecoder 完成URL解码 

服务器端接收请求,请求url : http://localhost/day6/request3?name=aaa+bbb
问题:在服务器端执行 request.getParameter("name"); 值 aaa bbb

HttpServletRequest利用请求域传递对象

域对象:所知道的已经有两个域对象了
ServletContext:服务器一启动,为每个web应用创建一个ServletContext对象,所有servlet实例共享对象。
request:一次请求的范围。
request对象同时也是一个域对象,开发人员通过request对象在实现转发时,把数据通过request对象带给其它web资源处理
setAttribute方法 
getAttribute方法  
removeAttribute方法
getAttributeNames方法
request对象提供了一个getRequestDispatcher方法,该方法返回一个RequestDispatcher对象,调用这个对象的forward方法可以实现请求转发,从而共享请求中的数据
请求转发传递数据 
请求转发forward 和 请求重定向redirect 区别 ??? 
1) 转发一次请求 一次响应; 重定向两次请求 两次响应
2) 转发URL地址 不变,重定向URL地址改变第二个资源地址
3) 转发只能转发给同一个网站内部资源,重定向可以定向到任何网站 
4) 转发中/属于服务器内部路径 不写工程名,重定向/来自客户端必须要写工程名

创建RequestServlet4 RequestServlet5 
* 使两个Servlet连续执行 1) 重定向 2) 转发 
最佳应用:Servlet处理数据得到数据处理结果,通过请求转发,将处理结果传递JSP显示 
* Servlet处理数据获得结果,JSP负责数据显示 
request.setAttribute传递数据,必须要结合 request.getRequestDispatcher().forward 转发一起使用!!!

 请求重定向和请求转发的具体区别:


  • RequestDispatcher.forward方法只能将请求转发给同一个WEB应用中的组件;而HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect方法还可以重定向到同一个站点上的其它应用程序中的资源,甚至是使用绝对URL重定向到其它站点的资源。
  • 如果传递给HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect方法的相对URL以"/"开头,它相对于服务器的根目录;如果创建ResquestDispatcher对象时指定的相对URL以"/"开头,它是相对于当前WEB应用程序的根目录
  • 调用HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect方法重定向的访问过程结束后,浏览器地址栏中显示的URL会发生变化,由初始的URL地址变成重定向的目的URL;调用RequestDispatcher.forward方法的请求转发过程结束后,浏览器地址栏保持初始的URL地址不变
  • HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect方法对浏览器的请求直接作出响应,响应的结果就是告诉浏览器去重新发出对另外一个URL的访问请求;RequestDispatcher.forward方法在服务器端内部将请求转发给另外一个资源,浏览器只知道发出了请求并得到了响应结果,并不知道在服务器程序内部发生了转发行为。 
  • RequestDispatcher.forward方法的调用者与被调用者之间共享相同的request对象和response对象,它们属于同一个访问请求和响应过程;而HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect方法调用者与被调用者使用各自的request对象和response对象,它们属于两个独立的访问请求和响应过程。 
代码案例:
项目的整体目录如下:

web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ErrorServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.servlet.ErrorServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>RefreshServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.RefreshServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>CEPServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.CEPServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>OutServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.OutServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DownloadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.DownloadServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.TestServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>CheckcodeServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.response.CheckcodeServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>RequestServlet1</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.request.RequestServlet1</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>RegServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.request.RegServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>RequestDemo3</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.request.RequestDemo3</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>RequestDemo4</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.request.RequestDemo4</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Login2Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.itcast.request.Login2Servlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>


  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ErrorServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/error</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RefreshServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/refresh</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CEPServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/cep</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>OutServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/out</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DownloadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/download</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/test1</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CheckcodeServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/checkcode</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RequestServlet1</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/request1</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RegServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/reg</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RequestDemo3</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/request3</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RequestDemo4</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/request4</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Login2Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/login2</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>	
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

login.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	
	<form action="/day10/login" method="post">
		<table border="1" width="50%">
			<tr>
				<td>输入姓名</td>
				<td>
					<input type="text" name="username" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>输入密码</td>
				<td>
					<input type="password" name="password" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2">
					<input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>

</body>
</html>



refresh.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<!-- 5秒后跳转  -->
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="5;url=/day10/response/login.html">
<title>页面定时跳转(读秒)</title>
</head>
<body οnlοad="run()">
	
	<h2>页面将在<span id="spanId">5</span>秒后跳转</h2>
	
</body>
	<script type="text/javascript">
		/* 	
			读秒的操作
			页面一加载,加载事件	onload
			执行读秒的操作,每隔一秒变一次。
			每隔一秒,js的定时器
		*/
		var x = 5;
		function run(){
			var span = document.getElementById("spanId");
			span.innerHTML = x;
			x--;
			window.setTimeout("run()", 1000);
		}
		
	</script>
	

</html>



checkcode.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	
	<form action="/day10/login" method="post">
		<table border="1" width="70%">
			<tr>
				<td>输入姓名</td>
				<td>
					<input type="text" name="username" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>输入密码</td>
				<td>
					<input type="password" name="password" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>验证码</td>
				<td>
					<input type="text" name="code" />
					<img id="imgId" src="/day10/checkcode">
					<a href="#" οnclick="run()">看不清,换一张</a>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2">
					<input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
	<script type="text/javascript">
		// 看不清,换一张,时间戳
		function run(){
			// 获取图片
			var image = document.getElementById("imgId");
			image.src = "/day10/checkcode?"+new Date().getTime();
		}
	
	</script>

</html>



reg.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="/day10/reg" method="get">
		<table border="1" width="50%">
			<tr>
				<td>输入姓名</td>
				<td>
					<input type="text" name="username" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>输入密码</td>
				<td>
					<input type="password" name="password" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>选择性别</td>
				<td>
					<input type="radio" name="sex" value="nan" />男
					<input type="radio" name="sex" value="nv" />女
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>选择爱好</td>
				<td>
					<input type="checkbox" name="love" value="lq" />篮球
					<input type="checkbox" name="love" value="zq" />足球
					<input type="checkbox" name="love" value="pq" />排球
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>选择城市</td>
				<td>
					<select name="city">
						<option value="none">--请选择--</option>
						<option value="bj">北京</option>
						<option value="sh">上海</option>
						<option value="gz">广州</option>
					</select>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2">
					<input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	
	</form>

</body>
</html>



login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	
	${msg}
	<form action="/day10/login2" method="post">
		<table border="1" width="50%">
			<tr>
				<td>输入姓名</td>
				<td>
					<input type="text" name="username" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>输入密码</td>
				<td>
					<input type="password" name="password" />
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2">
					<input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>



CEPServlet.java (禁用浏览器缓存)
package cn.itcast.response;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 禁用浏览器的缓存
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class CEPServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		/**
		 * 		Cache-Control : no-cache
				Expires: -1					值是日期类型(setDateHeader())
				Pragma : no-cache
		 */
		// 设置三个头信息
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
		response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);
		
		// 向页面输出当前的时间
		// 获取当前时间
		Date date = new Date();
		// 修改格式	yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
		String str = sdf.format(date);
		// 输出
		response.getWriter().write(str);
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

TestServlet.java (验证码热身)

package cn.itcast.response;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 验证码热身
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 在内存中生成图片
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(300, 500, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		
		// 获取画笔对象
		Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
		// 设置颜色
		g.setColor(Color.RED);
		// 画一个矩形
		g.drawRect(100, 100, 150, 100);
		
		g.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
		// 定义字符串
		String str = "abc";
		g.drawString(str, 80, 80);
		
		// 把内存中的图片输出到浏览器端
		ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

CheckcodeServlet.java(实现验证码流程)
package cn.itcast.response;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 验证码
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class CheckcodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		/**
		 * 	在内存中生成图片(纸),没有设置背景颜色,画填充的矩形,并且和纸的大小相同,矩形有颜色。
		 * 	获取笔的对象(设置颜色,设置字体,画字符串,画矩形)
		 * 	先准备好数据,随机生成4个字符,把字符画到纸上
		 * 	画干扰线
		 * 	把内存中的图片输出到客户端上
		 */
		int width = 120;
		int height = 30;
		// 在内存中生成图片
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		// 先获取画笔对象
		Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
		// 设置灰色
		g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
		// 画填充的矩形
		g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
		// 设置颜色
		g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
		// 画边框
		g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);
		// 准备数据,随机获取4个字符
		// String words = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890";
		String words = "\u7684\u4e00\u4e86\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u6765\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e0a\u7740\u4e2a\u5730\u5230\u5927\u91cc\u8bf4\u5c31\u53bb\u5b50\u5f97\u4e5f\u548c\u90a3\u8981\u4e0b\u770b\u5929\u65f6\u8fc7\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e48\u8d77\u4f60\u90fd\u628a\u597d\u8fd8\u591a\u6ca1\u4e3a\u53c8\u53ef\u5bb6\u5b66\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4f1a\u6837\u5e74\u60f3\u751f\u540c\u8001\u4e2d\u5341\u4ece\u81ea\u9762\u524d\u5934\u9053\u5b83\u540e\u7136\u8d70\u5f88\u50cf\u89c1\u4e24\u7528\u5979\u56fd\u52a8\u8fdb\u6210\u56de\u4ec0\u8fb9\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5f00\u800c\u5df1\u4e9b\u73b0\u5c71\u6c11\u5019\u7ecf\u53d1\u5de5\u5411\u4e8b\u547d\u7ed9\u957f\u6c34\u51e0\u4e49\u4e09\u58f0\u4e8e\u9ad8\u624b\u77e5\u7406\u773c\u5fd7\u70b9\u5fc3\u6218\u4e8c\u95ee\u4f46\u8eab\u65b9\u5b9e\u5403\u505a\u53eb\u5f53\u4f4f\u542c\u9769\u6253\u5462\u771f\u5168\u624d\u56db\u5df2\u6240\u654c\u4e4b\u6700\u5149\u4ea7\u60c5\u8def\u5206\u603b\u6761\u767d\u8bdd\u4e1c\u5e2d\u6b21\u4eb2\u5982\u88ab\u82b1\u53e3\u653e\u513f\u5e38\u6c14\u4e94\u7b2c\u4f7f\u5199\u519b\u5427\u6587\u8fd0\u518d\u679c\u600e\u5b9a\u8bb8\u5feb\u660e\u884c\u56e0\u522b\u98de\u5916\u6811\u7269\u6d3b\u90e8\u95e8\u65e0\u5f80\u8239\u671b\u65b0\u5e26\u961f\u5148\u529b\u5b8c\u5374\u7ad9\u4ee3\u5458\u673a\u66f4\u4e5d\u60a8\u6bcf\u98ce\u7ea7\u8ddf\u7b11\u554a\u5b69\u4e07\u5c11\u76f4\u610f\u591c\u6bd4\u9636\u8fde\u8f66\u91cd\u4fbf\u6597\u9a6c\u54ea\u5316\u592a\u6307\u53d8\u793e\u4f3c\u58eb\u8005\u5e72\u77f3\u6ee1\u65e5\u51b3\u767e\u539f\u62ff\u7fa4\u7a76\u5404\u516d\u672c\u601d\u89e3\u7acb\u6cb3\u6751\u516b\u96be\u65e9\u8bba\u5417\u6839\u5171\u8ba9\u76f8\u7814\u4eca\u5176\u4e66\u5750\u63a5\u5e94\u5173\u4fe1\u89c9\u6b65\u53cd\u5904\u8bb0\u5c06\u5343\u627e\u4e89\u9886\u6216\u5e08\u7ed3\u5757\u8dd1\u8c01\u8349\u8d8a\u5b57\u52a0\u811a\u7d27\u7231\u7b49\u4e60\u9635\u6015\u6708\u9752\u534a\u706b\u6cd5\u9898\u5efa\u8d76\u4f4d\u5531\u6d77\u4e03\u5973\u4efb\u4ef6\u611f\u51c6\u5f20\u56e2\u5c4b\u79bb\u8272\u8138\u7247\u79d1\u5012\u775b\u5229\u4e16\u521a\u4e14\u7531\u9001\u5207\u661f\u5bfc\u665a\u8868\u591f\u6574\u8ba4\u54cd\u96ea\u6d41\u672a\u573a\u8be5\u5e76\u5e95\u6df1\u523b\u5e73\u4f1f\u5fd9\u63d0\u786e\u8fd1\u4eae\u8f7b\u8bb2\u519c\u53e4\u9ed1\u544a\u754c\u62c9\u540d\u5440\u571f\u6e05\u9633\u7167\u529e\u53f2\u6539\u5386\u8f6c\u753b\u9020\u5634\u6b64\u6cbb\u5317\u5fc5\u670d\u96e8\u7a7f\u5185\u8bc6\u9a8c\u4f20\u4e1a\u83dc\u722c\u7761\u5174\u5f62\u91cf\u54b1\u89c2\u82e6\u4f53\u4f17\u901a\u51b2\u5408\u7834\u53cb\u5ea6\u672f\u996d\u516c\u65c1\u623f\u6781\u5357\u67aa\u8bfb\u6c99\u5c81\u7ebf\u91ce\u575a\u7a7a\u6536\u7b97\u81f3\u653f\u57ce\u52b3\u843d\u94b1\u7279\u56f4\u5f1f\u80dc\u6559\u70ed\u5c55\u5305\u6b4c\u7c7b\u6e10\u5f3a\u6570\u4e61\u547c\u6027\u97f3\u7b54\u54e5\u9645\u65e7\u795e\u5ea7\u7ae0\u5e2e\u5566\u53d7\u7cfb\u4ee4\u8df3\u975e\u4f55\u725b\u53d6\u5165\u5cb8\u6562\u6389\u5ffd\u79cd\u88c5\u9876\u6025\u6797\u505c\u606f\u53e5\u533a\u8863\u822c\u62a5\u53f6\u538b\u6162\u53d4\u80cc\u7ec6";
		
		// 设置颜色
		g.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
		// 设置字体
		g.setFont(new Font("隶书", Font.BOLD, 20));
		
		Random random = new Random();
		int x = 20;
		int y = 20;
		for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
			
			// void rotate(double theta, double x, double y)  
			// theta 弧度
			// hudu = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;
			// 获取正负30之间的角度
			int jiaodu = random.nextInt(60)-30;
			double hudu = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;
			g.rotate(hudu, x, y);
			// 获取下标
			int index = random.nextInt(words.length());
			// 返回指定下标位置的字符,随机获取下标
			char ch = words.charAt(index);
			// 写字符串
			g.drawString(""+ch, x, y);
			
			g.rotate(-hudu, x, y);
			x += 20;
		}
		
		// 设置颜色
		g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
		int x1,x2,y1,y2;
		// 画干扰线
		for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
			x1 = random.nextInt(width);
			y1 = random.nextInt(height);
			x2 = random.nextInt(width);
			y2 = random.nextInt(height);
			g.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
		}
		
		// 输出到客户端
		ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("\u9fa5");
		System.out.println("\u9fa4");
		System.out.println("\u9fa3");
		System.out.println("\u9fa2");
	}

}


DownloadServlet.java  简单实现文件下载(中文名乱码)
package cn.itcast.response;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 文件下载
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 先获取到文件,读入输入流中
		// 获取文件的绝对磁盘路径
		String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/img/外国美女.jpg");
		// 包含文件的名称	c:\tomcat\webapps\day10\img\girl7.jpg
		// 截取文件的名称	girl7.jpg
		String filename = null;
		// 获取最后一个\的位置
		int index = path.lastIndexOf("\\");
		if(index != -1){
			filename = path.substring(index+1);
		}
		
		// 判断是什么浏览器
				// 解决各浏览器的中文乱码问题
				String agent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
				// 处理safari的乱码问题
				byte[] bytes = agent.contains("MSIE") ? filename.getBytes() : filename
						.getBytes("UTF-8");
				filename = new String(bytes, "ISO-8859-1");// 各浏览器基本都支持ISO编码

		
		if(filename != null){
			// 设置头信息
			response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
			
			System.out.println(request.getRemoteAddr());
			
			System.out.println(path);
			InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
			// 通过response读出到客户端
			OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
			// io的拷贝
			byte [] b = new byte[1024];
			int len = 0;
			while((len =  in.read(b)) != -1){
				os.write(b, 0, len);
			}
			in.close();
			// os.close();服务器管理流
		}
		
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}


OutServlet.java (处理HttpServletResponse 响应输出中文的乱码问题 包括字节和字符)
package cn.itcast.response;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 输出中文的乱码的问题
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class OutServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		run2(response);
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 字符输出中文是否乱码呢?
	 * 	* 肯定乱码
	 * 		response缓冲区的编码,默认值ISO-8859-1
	 * 	* 设置response缓冲编码		
	 * 		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
	 *  * 设置浏览器打开文件所采用的编码
	 *  	response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
	 *  * 简写方式
	 *  	response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
	 * 		
	 * @param response
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public void run2(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
		// 设置response缓冲区的编码
		//response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		// 设置浏览器打开文件所采用的编码
		//response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		
		// 简写的形式(等于上面两句)
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		response.getWriter().write("哈罗卧得");
	}
	
	/**
	 * 字节的输出中文的乱码
	 * 	* 输出哈罗我的是否乱码呢?
	 * 		* 不一定乱码。
	 * 	* 解决办法
	 * 		* 设置浏览器打开文件时所采用的编码
	 * 			response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
	 * 		* 获取字符串byte数组时编码和打开文件时编码一致。
	 * 			"哈罗我的".getBytes("UTF-8")
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	public void run1(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
		// 设置浏览器打开文件时编码
		response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		// 获取字节输出流
		OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
		// 输出中文
		os.write("哈罗我的".getBytes("UTF-8"));
	}

}



RefreshServlet.java  (页面自动定时跳转)
package cn.itcast.response;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 页面的定时跳转
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class RefreshServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 读秒操作
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		response.getWriter().write("<h1>页面将在5秒后跳转</h1>");
		// 通过refresh头完成页面刷新
		response.setHeader("refresh", "5;url=/day10/response/login.html");
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}
LoginServlet.java
package cn.itcast.response;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 重定向到登陆页面
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		/**
		 * 	先获取用户输入的内容(request对象)
		 * 	判断姓名和密码是否都是admin,如果有一个不是,重定向到登陆页面,如果都是,就登陆成功。
		 */
		// 获取用户输入的内容
		String username = request.getParameter("username");	// 程序入口
		// 获取密码
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		// 判断
		if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
			// 登陆成功
			// 重定向到登陆页面
			// response.getWriter().write("success");
			response.sendRedirect("/day10/response/refresh.html");
		}else{
			// 重定向到登陆页面
			// 设置302的状态码
			//response.setStatus(302);
			// 设置地址
			//response.setHeader("location", "/day10/response/login.html");
			
			// 重定向
			response.sendRedirect("/day10/response/login.html");
		}
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

RequestServlet1.java  (获取客户机内容)
package cn.itcast.request;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 获取客户机的内容
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class RequestServlet1 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		// 获取IP
		String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
		// 获取请求方式
		String method = request.getMethod();
		// 获取虚拟路径
		String path = request.getContextPath();
		System.out.println("IP地址:"+ip);
		System.out.println("请求方式:"+method);
		System.out.println("虚拟路径名称:"+path);
		
		// 获取请求头记住来源(防盗链)
		String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
		// 判断浏览器(文件下载)
		String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
		// 做操作
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}


RegServlet.java  (解决请求乱码 GET和POST请求乱码)
package cn.itcast.request;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 获取请求参数
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class RegServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		/**
		 * request获取中文的乱码
		 * 	post请求(经常使用)
		 * 		setCharacterEncoding(String env) 设置request的缓冲区的编码
		 * 	get请求	
		 * 		username = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");
		 */
		
		// 设置request缓冲区的编码(一定要在request.getParameter("username");之前)
		// request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		
		// 获取内容,做其他操作
		// 获取姓名
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		// 解析get方式乱码的问题
		username = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");
		// 获取密码
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		// 获取性别
		String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
		// 获取城市
		String city = request.getParameter("city");
		// 获取爱好	返回是String数组
		String [] loves = request.getParameterValues("love");
		
		System.out.println("用户名:"+username);
		System.out.println("密码:"+password);
		System.out.println("性别:"+sex);
		System.out.println("城市:"+city);
		System.out.println("爱好:"+Arrays.toString(loves));
		
		System.out.println("===================================================================");
		// 获取map集合
		Map<String, String []> map = request.getParameterMap();
		// 循环遍历
		Set<String> keys = map.keySet();
		for (String key : keys) {
			String [] values = map.get(key);
			System.out.println(Arrays.toString(values));
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}





RequestDemo3.java  (转发和重定向)
package cn.itcast.request;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 重定向和转发
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class RequestDemo3 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		// request域设置内容
		request.setAttribute("name", "凤姐");
		
		// 完成重定向的工作(客户端端绝对路径)
		// response.sendRedirect("/day10/request4");
		
		// 转发(路径服务器的绝对路径)
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/request4").forward(request, response);
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

RequestDemo4.java (测试request域)
package cn.itcast.request;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		// 获取
		String value = (String) request.getAttribute("name");
		// 输出中文
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		response.getWriter().write("访问到了demo4... "+value);
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

使用转发效果如下:能获取request域中的值

使用重定向效果如下:是不能获取到request域中的值的


Login2Servlet.java  (使用request域属性和转发 实现登录的错误信息提示)
package cn.itcast.request;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 使用转发到登陆页面
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Login2Servlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		/**
		 * 	先获取用户输入的内容(request对象)
		 * 	判断姓名和密码是否都是admin,如果有一个不是,重定向到登陆页面,如果都是,就登陆成功。
		 */
		// 获取用户输入的内容
		String username = request.getParameter("username");	// 程序入口
		// 获取密码
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		// 判断
		if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
			// 登陆成功
			// 重定向到登陆页面
			response.sendRedirect("/day10/response/refresh.html");
		}else{
			// 在request域存入内容
			request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名或者密码错误!");
			// 重定向到登陆页面
			// 重定向
			// response.sendRedirect("/day10/response/login.html");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/request/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}



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