用Java实现八皇后问题的图形界面：
显示前请先按start键，然后按next键输出一个个的结果，slower和faster调节演示速度。
可以通过操作 → 输入来判断是否满足八皇后条件，输入格式：8个数字，两个数字之间空一格。
① R.java 定义全局变量。变量都被定义为静态。
static void sleep(double i) 暂停 i 秒钟
package eq;
public class R {
矩阵大小 /
public static int rect_x = 50;
public static int rect_y = 50;
public static int rect_Height = 30;
public static int rect_Width = 30;
/
public final static int n = 8;//八皇后问题
/ 窗口大小 /
public final static int frame_Height = rect_y + rect_Height*n + 100;
public final static int frame_Width = rect_x + rect_Width * n + 50;
public static ButtonPanel bp = new ButtonPanel();
public static QueuePanel qp = new QueuePanel();
public static SurfaceView sv;
public static Deal d = new Deal();
public static Input i = new Input();
public static double sleeptime = 0.0;
public static boolean displaychoice = false;
public static int x;
public static int y;
public static boolean next = true;
/**
* 暂停一段时间
* @param i 单位秒
*/
public static void sleep(double i){
try {
Thread.sleep((int)(i*(double)1000));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
};
}
}
package eq;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
public class SurfaceView extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
public SurfaceView(){
this.setSize(R.frame_Width,R.frame_Height);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setTitle("QueueProblem");
this.setLayout(null);
R.bp.setBounds(0,0,R.frame_Width,R.bp.bt.Box_Height+10);
this.add(R.bp);
R.qp.setBounds(0,R.bp.getHeight(),R.frame_Width,(int)((double)R.frame_Height*0.9));
JMenuBar JMB =new JMenuBar();
this.setJMenuBar(JMB);
JMenu Item = new JMenu("操作");
JMB.add(Item);
JMenuItem input = new JMenuItem("输入");
Item.add(input);
input.addActionListener(this);
this.add(R.qp);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(e.getActionCommand().equals("输入")){
R.i.setVisible(true);
}
}
}
1. void isinthePanel(int a,int b,Graphics g) 如果是在八皇后面板内，那么就画一个圆
2. void paintchoice(Graphics g)
当指向一个皇后棋子的时候，它会在它的横竖斜上画一个黑圆，需要设置R.java中的displaychoice=true。
3. void paint(Graphics g) JPanel等控件的绘画函数，可以用Graphics来画圆画正方形之类的图形。
4. void isQueue(double x,double y)判断该坐标是不是在八皇后面板内，是就令R.x=i;R.y=j;，否则就赋值-1。
5. void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e)鼠标移动过程中，如果指向了皇后棋子，就重绘面板图形，使其横竖斜上出现黑 圆圈，需要设置R.java中的displaychoice=true。
package eq;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class QueuePanel extends JPanel implements MouseMotionListener {
//FFC995
//CC813D
String path = "";
public QueuePanel(){
this.setBackground(new Color(255,255,255));
path = new File("").getAbsolutePath() + "\\queue.png";
this.addMouseMotionListener(this);
}
public void rd(){
this.repaint();
}
void isinthePanel(int a,int b,Graphics g){
int x = R.x + a;
int y = R.y + b;
int oval_x;
int oval_y;
if(x>=0 && x<R.n && y>=0 && y<R.n){
oval_x = (R.rect_x + y*R.rect_Width)+(int)((double)R.rect_Width*0.4);//行
oval_y = (R.rect_y + x*R.rect_Height)+(int)((double)R.rect_Height*0.4);//列
g.drawOval(oval_x,oval_y ,(int)((double)R.rect_Height*0.2) ,(int)((double)R.rect_Width*0.2 ));
/*g.drawRect(R.rect_x + y * R.rect_Width,
R.rect_y + x * R.rect_Height,
R.rect_Width,
R.rect_Height);*/
}
}
public void paintchoice(Graphics g){
if(R.x!=-1 && R.y!=-1){
int i;
int oval_x;
int oval_y;
((Graphics2D)g).setStroke(new BasicStroke(2.0f));
g.setColor(new Color(0,0,0));
for(i=-1;++i<R.n;){
oval_x = (R.rect_x+i*R.rect_Width)+(int)((double)R.rect_Width*0.4);//行
oval_y = (R.rect_y+R.x*R.rect_Height)+(int)((double)R.rect_Height*0.4);//列
g.drawOval(oval_x,oval_y ,(int)((double)R.rect_Height*0.2) ,(int)((double)R.rect_Width*0.2 ));
oval_x = (R.rect_x+R.y*R.rect_Width)+(int)((double)R.rect_Width*0.4);//行
oval_y = (R.rect_y+i*R.rect_Height)+(int)((double)R.rect_Height*0.4);//列
g.drawOval(oval_x,oval_y ,(int)((double)R.rect_Height*0.2) ,(int)((double)R.rect_Width*0.2 ));
}
int k;
for(k=0;++k<R.n;){
isinthePanel(k,k,g);
isinthePanel(-k,k,g);
isinthePanel(k,-k,g);
isinthePanel(-k,-k,g);
}
}
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
super.paint(g);
int i,j;
Image img = null;
// g.drawString(path, 10, 10);
try {
img = ImageIO.read(new File(path));
// img = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/queue.png"));
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
g.setColor(new Color(0,0,0));
g.setFont(new Font("Georgia",Font.PLAIN,20));
g.drawString(String.valueOf((R.d.n)%(92)+1)+"\\"+"92", R.rect_x, R.rect_y-3);
for(i=-1;++i<R.n;){
for(j=-1;++j<R.n;){
if((i+j)%2==0){
g.setColor(new Color(0xFF,0XC9,0X95));
}
else{
g.setColor(new Color(0xCC,0X81,0X3D));
}
g.fillRect(R.rect_x + j * R.rect_Width,
R.rect_y + i * R.rect_Height,
R.rect_Width,
R.rect_Height);
if(j == R.d.col[i]){
g.drawImage(img,
R.rect_x + j * R.rect_Width+3,
R.rect_y + i * R.rect_Height+3,
R.rect_Width-6,
R.rect_Height-6
, this);
}
}
}
if(R.displaychoice)
paintchoice(g);
}
void isQueue(double x,double y){
double i = (y-R.rect_x)/R.rect_Height;//行
double j = (x-R.rect_y)/R.rect_Width;//列
if( i>=0 && i< R.n && j>=0 && j< R.n){
R.x = (int)i;
R.y = (int)j;
}
else{
R.x = -1;
R.y = -1;
}
}
@Override
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
}
}
package eq;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class ButtonPanel extends JPanel implements MouseListener {
BoxText bt = new BoxText("next","华文琥珀",Font.PLAIN,20,0,0);
BoxText bt1 = new BoxText("slower","华文琥珀",Font.PLAIN,20,bt.Box_Width+10,0);
BoxText bt2 = new BoxText("faster","华文琥珀",Font.PLAIN,20,bt.Box_Width+bt1.Box_Width+20,0);
BoxText bt3 = new BoxText("start","华文琥珀",Font.PLAIN,20,bt.Box_Width+bt1.Box_Width+bt2.Box_Width+30,0);
boolean start = false;
public ButtonPanel(){
this.setBackground(new Color(255,255,255));
this.addMouseListener(this);
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
super.paint(g);
bt.draw(g);
bt1.draw(g);
bt2.draw(g);
bt3.draw(g);
}
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
int x = e.getX();
int y = e.getY();
if(e.getButton()==e.BUTTON1){
/**
* 如果点击到了"next"按钮
*/
if(start && R.next && bt.isClicked(x, y)){
R.next = false;
R.x = -1;
R.y = -1;
Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
R.d.n++;
R.d.solve_next();
}
});
t.start();
}
/**
* 如果点击到了"slower"按钮
*/
if(bt1.isClicked(x, y)){
R.sleeptime+=0.1;
}
/**
* 如果点击到了"faster"按钮
*/
if(bt2.isClicked(x, y)){
if(R.sleeptime>=0.1){
R.sleeptime-=0.1;
}
}
/**
* 如果点击到了"start"按钮
*/
if(bt3.isClicked(x, y)){
R.d.n = 0;
for(int i = -1;++i<R.n;){
R.d.col[i] = 0;
}
Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
R.d.solve(-1);
}
});
t.start();
start = true;
}
}
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
}
}
package eq;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
public class GameBegin {
public static void main(String[] args){
try {
javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
R.sv = new SurfaceView();
R.sv.setVisible(true);
}
});
}catch (InvocationTargetException | InterruptedException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
1. class Position，用于存储一个坐标，分别是 row 行 和 col 列
2. void solve(int beginrow) 从第beginrow行开始往右挪动棋子。如果棋子摆放成功，就进入beginrow+1行。如果棋子到了第8列也摆放不成功，第beginrow行的棋子回第一列，然后进入beginrow-1行。
3. void solve_next() 获取下一个解，只需要把第8行的棋子往右挪一格子
4. boolean check(int r)判断第r行的皇后是不是满足八皇后条件，即横竖斜没有其它皇后，用斜率来判断。
5. void displaycol()用于测试用，与算法无关系。
package eq;
class Position{
int row;
int col;
Position(int r,int c){
this.row = r;
this.col = c;
}
}
public class Deal {
int[] col = new int[R.n];
int n = 0;
public Deal(){
}
public void solve(int beginrow){
int i, j;
Position p;
//从指定行的下面一行开始往下遍历
for(i=beginrow;++i<R.n;){
//从当前列开始往后遍历
for(j=col[i];j<R.n;j++){
R.qp.rd();
R.sleep(R.sleeptime);
//赋值
col[i]=j;
//检查该行与前面所有行是否能共存
if(check(i)){
break;
}
}
//如果当前列遍历到最后
if(j >= R.n){
//该列的皇后回到第一列
col[i]=0;
//往上回溯一行，由于++i所以需要-2
i-=2;
//上面一行的皇后右移一格，由于-2所以+1
if(i+1>=0)
col[i+1]++;
else i = -1;//如果是第一行最后一列回溯，即完成一个循环
}
}
}
public void solve_next(){
//获得下一个解。把最后一行的皇后右移，继续遍历即可
col[R.n-1]++;
solve(R.n-2);
R.qp.rd();
R.next = true;
}
boolean check(int r){
int i;
double k;
for(i=r;--i>=0;){
k = Math.abs(((double)col[r]-(double)col[i])/((double)r-(double)i));
if(k == 1.0 || k == 0.0){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
void displaycol(){
int i;
for(i=-1;++i<R.n;){
System.out.print(col[i]+1+ ",");
}
System.out.println();
}
}⑦ Input.java 输入窗口，按下菜单栏里的菜单项弹出。
package eq;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
public class Input extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
JTextField JTF;
Input(){
this.setSize(200,120);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
this.setLayout(null);
JTF = new JTextField();
JTF.setBounds(10,10,180,25);
this.add(JTF);
JButton JB = new JButton("确定");
JB.addActionListener(this);
JB.setBounds(10,50,60,30);
this.add(JB);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(e.getActionCommand().equals("确定")){
String[] a = JTF.getText().split(" ");
int i;
for(i=-1;++i<a.length && i<R.n;){
R.d.col[i] = Integer.parseInt(a[i])-1;
}
R.qp.rd();
for(i=0;++i<R.n;){
if(!R.d.check(i)){
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(R.sv,"不满足八皇后要求","错误",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
break;
}
}
if(i==R.n){
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(R.sv,"满足八皇后要求","正确",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
}
}
}
}
package eq;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
public class BoxText{
String text = "";
String fontface = "";
int fonttype = 0;
int fontsize = 0;
int Box_x = 0;
int Box_y = 0;
int Box_Height = 0;
int Box_Width = 0;
public BoxText(String text,String fontface,int fonttype,int fontsize,int Box_x,int Box_y){
/// 1. 获取值：text: 文本; fontface: 字体; fonttype: 字体类型; fontsize: 字体大小 ///
// Box_x,Box_y: 按钮左上角顶点所在位置 ///
this.text = text;
this.fontface = fontface;
this.fonttype = fonttype;
this.fontsize = fontsize;
this.Box_x = Box_x;
this.Box_y = Box_y;
// 2. 根据字体的高度和宽度，设置箱子的高度和宽度 ///
Font f = new Font(fontface, fonttype, fontsize);
FontMetrics fm = new JLabel().getFontMetrics(f);
Box_Height = fm.getHeight() ;
Box_Width = fm.stringWidth(text) + 20;
}
/**
* 获取文本左下角顶点的坐标x
* @return 文本左下角顶点的坐标x
*/
public int getText_x(){
return Box_x + 10;
}
/**
* 获取文本左下角顶点的坐标y
* @return 文本左下角顶点的坐标y
*/
public int getText_y(){
return Box_y + Box_Height - 5;
}
/**
* 获取面板paint函数中的Graphics来将该箱子画上去
* @param g 某画板的Graphics
*/
public void draw(Graphics g){
g.setColor(new Color(0,0,0));
g.fillRect(Box_x,Box_y,Box_Width,Box_Height);
g.setFont(new Font(fontface,fonttype,fontsize));
g.setColor(new Color(255,255,255));
g.drawString(text, getText_x(), getText_y());
}
/**
* 看箱子是否被按下
* @param x 鼠标弹起的x坐标
* @param y 鼠标谈起的y坐标
* @return 布尔类型：是否按下
*/
public boolean isClicked(int x,int y){
return x >= Box_x && y >= Box_y && x <= Box_x+Box_Width && y <= Box_y + Box_Height;
}
}<strong>
</strong>
算法分析：
本例子的jar文件下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013580497/8902079
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