rman使用镜像切换实现快速恢复

本文描述：rman使用镜像备份文件进行快速恢复所丢失的文件

试验过程：

(1)登录sqlplus查看相应信息

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 6月 16 14:57:39 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select name from v$tablespace;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
USERS
TEMP
TT

6 rows selected.

SQL> col name for a50;
SQL> select file#, name from v$datafile;

     FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
         1 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF
         2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF
         3 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF
         4 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF
         5 F:\ORADATA\TT01.DBF

(2)使用镜像备份5号文件

C:\Users\Administrator>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期五 6月 16 15:03:00 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1474525861)

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 5;

Starting backup at 16-6月 -17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=132 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=F:\ORADATA\TT01.DBF
output file name=F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\DATAFILE\O1_MF_TT_DN70OL9K_.DBF tag=TAG20170616T150313 RECID=1 STA
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 16-6月 -17

RMAN>

(3)刻意删除5号文件(为了模拟文件丢失)

Window直接删除时会显示文件正在使用，因此使用360删除，哦...好强势！！

(4) 用Scott用户在tt表空间上建表，报错

SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> create table t2 tablespace tt as select * from emp;
create table t2 tablespace tt as select * from emp
                                               *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: 打开数据库文件 5 时出错
ORA-01110: 数据文件 5: 'F:\ORADATA\TT01.DBF'
ORA-27041: 无法打开文件
OSD-04002: unable to open file
O/S-Error: (OS 2) ？？？????？???？？???

SQL>

(5) 将文件5置为offline状态，以便进行快速恢复切换

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;

Database altered.

SQL>

(6)切换恢复文件5

RMAN> switch datafile 5 to copy;

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\DATAFILE\O1_MF_TT_DN70OL9K_.DBF"

RMAN> recover datafile 5;

Starting recover at 16-6月 -17
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 16-6月 -17

RMAN>

(7) 将文件5置为online状态，查看恢复结果

SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;

Database altered.

SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.

SQL> create table t2 tablespace tt as select * from emp;  --可以创建，文件2已经恢复成功

Table created.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> col name for a50;
SQL> select file#, name from v$datafile;

     FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
         1 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF
         2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF
         3 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF
         4 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF
         5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\DATA
           FILE\O1_MF_TT_DN70OL9K_.DBF          --此时文件5对应的数据文件位置，在恢复区


SQL>

恢复成功！

矫情一下：若感觉恢复过程的文件5,看着位置怪怪的，可以将其改为原来的位置

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 5 format 'f:\oradata\tt01.dbf';

Starting backup at 16-6月 -17
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\DATAFILE\O1_MF_TT_DN70OL9K_.DBF
output file name=F:\ORADATA\TT01.DBF tag=TAG20170616T160629 RECID=2 STAMP=946829190
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 16-6月 -17

RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 offline';

sql statement: alter database datafile 5 offline

RMAN> switch datafile 5 to copy;

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "F:\ORADATA\TT01.DBF"

RMAN> recover datafile 5;

Starting recover at 16-6月 -17
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 16-6月 -17

RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 online';

sql statement: alter database datafile 5 online

RMAN>

查询结果：

SQL> select file#, name from v$datafile;

     FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
         1 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF
         2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF
         3 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF
         4 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF
         5 F:\ORADATA\TT01.DBF  --原来的位置

SQL>

试验完毕！