Android 7 调用系统相机

前言：

Android M相比6.0以前的需要权限，其他的跟之前的没区别：

if ((ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)||
        (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
    //如果没有授权，则请求授权
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
} else {
// create Intent to take a picture and return control to the calling application
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);

//fileUri = getOutputMediaFileUri(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE); // create a file to save the image
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath(), "camera.png");
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(file)); // set the image file name

// start the image capture Intent
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);

而7.0开始，为了安全，需要使用FileProvider了，就不能用上面那行红色代码了：

if ((ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)||
        (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
    //如果没有授权，则请求授权
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
} else {
    //有授权，直接开启摄像头
    //6.0 camera
    /*Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    File file = new File("/mnt/sdcard", "camera.png");
    intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(file)); // set the image file name
    startActivityForResult(intent, 1);*/
    Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager())!=null){
        File photoFile = null;
        try {
            photoFile = createImageFile();//创建临时图片文件，方法在下面
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (photoFile != null) {
            //FileProvider 是一个特殊的 ContentProvider 的子类，
            //它使用 content:// Uri 代替了 file:/// Uri. ，更便利而且安全的为另一个app分享文件
            Uri photoURI = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,
                    "com.sat.android.fileprovider",
                    photoFile);
            intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoURI);
            startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
        }
    }
}

createImageFile():

String mCurrentPhotoPath;
private File createImageFile() throws IOException {
    // Create an image file name
    String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss", Locale.CHINA).format(new Date());
    String imageFileName = "JPEG_" + timeStamp + "_";
    //.getExternalFilesDir()方法可以获取到 SDCard/Android/data/你的应用的包名/files/ 目录，一般放一些长时间保存的数据
    File storageDir = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
    /*File storageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "images");
    if (!storageDir.exists()) storageDir.mkdirs();*/
    Log.d("TAH",storageDir.toString());
    //创建临时文件,文件前缀不能少于三个字符,后缀如果为空默认未".tmp"
    File image = File.createTempFile(
            imageFileName,  /* 前缀 */
            ".jpg",         /* 后缀 */
            storageDir      /* 文件夹 */
    );
    mCurrentPhotoPath = "file:" + image.getAbsolutePath();
    return image;
}

然后需要在manifest文件中配置：

<provider
    android:authorities="com.sat.android.fileprovider" //与FileProvider.getUriForFile第二个参数相同
    android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
    android:exported="false"    android:grantUriPermissions="true"><meta-data    android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"    android:resource="@xml/file_paths"/></provider>

新建/res/xml/file_paths:

<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-path name="my_images" path="Android/data/com.sat.a10_6_/files/Pictures" />
</paths>

注意：path的值要与

File storageDir = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);

的值一样，省略前面的 "/storage/emulatored/0/"，不然会奔溃，我也不知道为什么，再研究研究。。。