OC中NSString的常用方法总结

NSString 里的:


1、[str initWithFormat:(NSString *)format]
(1) //用于给字符串初始化: 
NSString* str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@",@"Hello World”];
或者也可以这样写:
NSString* str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"Hello World”];
(2) //也可以用它来将数字转换成字符串.
NSString *str1 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@“%d”, 123]; 
(3) //也可以用于拼接:
NSString *str2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@“%@%@”, @“abc”, @“def”];


2. [str length]
//测试字符串长度
NSString *str3 = @“abcfdf.sdf”;
NSLog(@“%lu”, [str3 length]);//求字符串长度的方法.(小数点也算一位.)正确答案10(没有’\0’);




3. - (BOOL)hasSuffix:(NSString *)aString;
//查询以什么结尾!
NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @“xxx.png"];
[string hasSuffix:@“png"]  如果用png结尾的话返回1
否则是0


4. - (BOOL)hasPrefix:(NSString *)aString;
查询以什么开头!
NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @“xxx.png"];
[string hasPrefix:@“png"]  如果用png开头的话返回1
否则是0


5.- (NSString *)stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:(NSString *)target withString:(NSString *)replacement
//在一个字符串中,把目标字符串都替换成你要的字符串.


把字符串中所有的.png替换成.jpg:
[string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@".png" withString:@“.jpg”];


6. - (NSString *)stringByAppendingString:(NSString *)aString;
//在字符串尾部追加一个字符串:


[string stringByAppendingString:@“jpg”];




7. - (NSString *)substringFromIndex:(NSUInteger)from;


//从输入的数字开始截取(包括开始那位)字符串到结束:
    NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @"老王是个好邻居"];
NSString *s1 = [string substringFromIndex:3];
    NSLog(@"s1 = %@", s1);
//输出结果是:s1 = 个好邻居 




8.  - (NSString *)substringToIndex:(NSUInteger)to;


//从第一个字符往后截取几个字符:
NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @“老王是个好邻居"];
 NSString *s2 = [string substringToIndex:3];
    NSLog(@"s2 = %@", s2);
//输出结果是:s2 = 老王是


9. NSRange
//结构体,里面有2个属性,一个是位置,一个是长度.
赋值方法:
NSRange ns = NSMakeRange(2, 3);


10. - (NSString *)substringWithRange:(NSRange)range;


从某一个位置向后截取一段长度的字符串
NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @"老王是个好邻居"];
NSRange ns = NSMakeRange(2, 3);
    NSString *s3 = [string substringWithRange:ns];
    NSLog(@"s3 = %@", s3);
//输出结果: 是个好


11. - (NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSString *)string;


//比较2个字符串大小,如果左边大返回正1,否则-1,相等返回0
NSLog(@"%ld", [@"l" compare:@"z"]);
//返回 -1


12. - (NSComparisonResult)caseInsensitiveCompare:(NSString *)string;


//比较2个字符串(忽略大小写)如果左边大返回正1,否则-1,相等返回0
 NSLog(@"%ld", [@"z" caseInsensitiveCompare:@“Z"]);
//返回 0


13. - (BOOL)isEqualToString:(NSString *)aString;


//比较两个字符串是否相等, 相等返回1,否则0:
 NSString *s4 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"小王"];
    NSString *s5 = @"小王";
    NSLog(@"%d", s4 == s5);//比较的是s4和s5的指针的值.    NSLog(@"%d", [s4 isEqualToString:s5]);//比较的是他们对应地址里存得字符串
// 结果是 0  和  1


14. - (BOOL)containsString:(NSString *)aString
//查看左边字符串里面包含不包含右面的字符串
NSString *s4 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@“abcde”]; 
if ([s4 containsString:@"b"]) {
        NSLog(@"yes");
    }
    else {
        NSLog(@"no");
    }
//返回结果   yes
东旭  08:38:33
15  - (NSRange)rangeOfString:(NSString *)aString;
//发送一个要查找的字符串.如果找到了,返回那个字符串的开始位置和长度:
NSString *string1 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"老王是个好邻居"];
    NSString *string2 = @"是个";
    NSRange ns = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
    NSLog(@"%lu, %lu", ns.location, ns.length);
    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromRange(ns));


//返回结果 {2, 2};


16. @property (readonly) int intValue;
//利用intValue方法.可以把字符串转换成整形
NSString *string5 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%d", 123];
    int a = [string5 intValue];
    NSLog(@"%d", a);
//返回结果: 123




//NSMutableString  


17.  - (void)replaceCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range withString:(NSString *)aString;


//从某个位置开始替换某段长度的字符串:
NSMutableString *string1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @"老王是个好邻居"];
    NSRange r = [string1 rangeOfString:@"是个"];
[string1 replaceCharactersInRange:r withString:@"真是一"];
    NSLog(@"%@", string1);


//返回结果:老王真是一好邻居




18. - (void)insertString:(NSString *)aString atIndex:(NSUInteger)loc;
//在某个位置插入一个字符串:
    NSMutableString *string1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @“老王是个好邻居"];
NSRange r1 = [string1 rangeOfString:@"邻居"];
    [string1 insertString:@"色胆包天" atIndex:r1.location];
    NSLog(@"%@", string1);
//返回结果: 老王是个好色胆包天邻居


19. - (void)appendString:(NSString *)aString;
//在一个可变字符串后面追加一个字符串;
NSMutableString *string1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @“老王是个好邻居"];
 [string1 appendString:@", 难道不是吗?"];
    NSLog(@"%@", string1);


//返回结果:老王是个好邻居, 难道不是吗?


20.  - (void)deleteCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range;
// 从一个字符串里删除另一个字符串:
 NSMutableString *string1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @"老王是个好邻居"];
NSRange r2 = [string1 rangeOfString:@"个好"];
    [string1 deleteCharactersInRange:r2];
    NSLog(@"%@", string1);


//返回结果: 老王是邻居


21. - (NSMutableString *)initWithCapacity:(NSUInteger)capacity;


// NSMutableString *string2 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithCapacity:10];








22.NSArray:
 NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"aaa", @"bbb", @"ccc", nil];
    //遇到空指针就停着了,所以中间不允许插入空指针.nil一定要放到最后面.数组是指针数组,保存的是地址.
    //oc数组里一旦创建,内容和长度都不能改变.
    NSLog(@"count = %lu", [array count]);
    array = [array arrayByAddingObject:@"ddd"];//给数组新添加一个元素
    
    for (int i = 0; i < [array count]; i++) {
        NSLog(@"%@", [array objectAtIndex:i]);
        NSLog(@"%@", array[i]);//c还原的是指针访问,oc这个还原的是上面这个.
    }


//补充:
- (unichar)characterAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index;
//截取某一个字符.
NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @“abcde"];
NSLog(@"%c", [string characterAtIndex:4]);
//返回结果: e


2. @property (readonly) float floatValue
//把字符串转换成float类型.
 NSString *stringnu = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%f", 12.0544];
    NSLog(@"%@", stringnu);
    float c = stringnu.floatValue;
    NSLog(@"%.2f", c);
//返回结果: 12.05


3. - (NSArray *)componentsSeparatedByString:(NSString *)separator;
//把一个字符串按照某个字符串分成2个字符串数组:
 NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:nil];
    NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"abcdefg"];
    array = [str componentsSeparatedByString:@“de"];
 for (int i = 0; i < [array count]; i++) {
        NSLog(@"%@", [array objectAtIndex:i]);
 }
//返回结果: abc
fg


4. @property (readonly, copy) NSString *uppercaseString;
//把所有字母变成大写;
NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"aBcdEfg"];
 NSLog(@"%@", [str uppercaseString]);
//返回结果: ABCDEFG


5. @property (readonly, copy) NSString *lowercaseString;
//把所有字母变成小写.
NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@“aBcdEfg"];
NSLog(@"%@", [str lowercaseString]);
//返回结果abcdefg
6. @property (readonly, copy) NSString *capitalizedString;
//除了首字母大写,剩下字母无论大小写,都是小写
NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@“aBcdEfg"];
 NSLog(@"%@", [str capitalizedString]);


//返回结果:Abcdefg