在说到Quzrtz线程池的时候要先讲一下线程池的概念 :
我个人的理解就是把要执行的东东扔到一个类似水池子的容器里面,给它洗澡,具体怎么洗,洗的干净不干净,还是一个个等着排队洗,都算是线程池对线程的管理,官方的概念也不想找了,就按这样理解吧。
百度上找了下有哪些情况下不使用线程池,感觉挺不错,贴出来看下:
●如果需要使一个任务具有特定优先级
●如果具有可能会长时间运行(并因此阻塞其他任务)的任务
●如果需要将线程放置到单线程单元中(线程池中的线程均处于多线程单元中)
●如果需要永久标识来标识和控制线程,比如想使用专用线程来终止该线程,将其挂起或按名称发现它
上面说了哪么多,下面来点正题,说说Quzrtz的线程池:
Quzrtz的线程池很简单,它只需要实现IThreadPool接口就可以了,Quzrtz中执行任务会用过的线程池有:SimpleThreadPool这个,还有一个算的上没有用的吧:ZeroSizeThreadPool。
平常Quzrtz的轮循线程发现有满足条件需要执行的job的时候,就会毫不留情的扔到SimpleThreadPool中洗一澡,下面让我们好好端详一下SimpleThreadPool这个类是如何工作的,先看下类图:
其中图上的WorkerThread类是SimpleThreadPool类内部包裹的一个类。
IThreadRunnable:
这个接口只定义了一个方法:Run(),是执行任务的操作。
/// <summary>
/// This interface should be implemented by any class whose instances are intended
/// to be executed by a thread.
/// </summary>
public interface IThreadRunnable
{
/// <summary>
/// This method has to be implemented in order that starting of the thread causes the object's
/// run method to be called in that separately executing thread.
/// </summary>
void Run();
}
QuartzThread类:
这是个关键的抽象类, WorkerThread就是它的子类,一个该类的实例就相当于一个线程,有自己的名字,有优先级,可以中断执行等。当执行它的Start方法时,就会启动一个线程:
/// <summary>
/// Support class used to handle threads
/// </summary>
/// <author>Marko Lahma (.NET)</author>
public abstract class QuartzThread : IThreadRunnable
{
/// <summary>
/// The instance of System.Threading.Thread
/// </summary>
private readonly Thread thread;
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the QuartzThread class
/// </summary>
protected QuartzThread()
{
thread = new Thread(Run);
}
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the Thread class.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">The name of the thread</param>
protected QuartzThread(string name)
{
thread = new Thread(Run);
Name = name;
}
/// <summary>
/// This method has no functionality unless the method is overridden
/// </summary>
public virtual void Run()
{
}
/// <summary>
/// Causes the operating system to change the state of the current thread instance to ThreadState.Running
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
thread.Start();
}
/// <summary>
/// Interrupts a thread that is in the WaitSleepJoin thread state
/// </summary>
protected void Interrupt()
{
thread.Interrupt();
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the name of the thread
/// </summary>
public string Name
{
get { return thread.Name; }
protected set
{
thread.Name = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets a value indicating the scheduling priority of a thread
/// </summary>
protected ThreadPriority Priority
{
get { return thread.Priority; }
set { thread.Priority = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets a value indicating whether or not a thread is a background thread.
/// </summary>
protected bool IsBackground
{
set { thread.IsBackground = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Blocks the calling thread until a thread terminates
/// </summary>
public void Join()
{
thread.Join();
}
/// <summary>
/// Obtain a string that represents the current object
/// </summary>
/// <returns>A string that represents the current object</returns>
public override string ToString()
{
return string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "Thread[{0},{1},]", Name, Priority);
}
}
WorkerThread:
这个类可以理解也线程池中最小线程单元,一个线程启动的时候,如果用默认配置的话,会初始化十个WorkerThread,像它的父类,它当然是一个线程,它重写了run方法,而且核心代码都写在了这个方法中,如果要读源码的时候,一定要看两眼。代码见源码。
SimpleThreadPool:
线程池类,负责对WorkerThread调度管理,比如有一个job来了,它要把这个job分配给哪个空闲的WorkerThread去处理,处理完了,要把这个WorkerThread置成空闲的状态,以便下次继续分配执行job,这里执行的job都需要继承IThreadRunnable接口
比如,我现在写一个job 就继承IThreadRunnable,如何让SimpleThreadPool来完成这个job的执行:
1.如下面自己定义的job
public class JobDemo : IThreadRunnable
{
public void Run()
{
Console.WriteLine("JobDemo正在运行,运行时间是" + DateTime.Now + Thread.CurrentThread.Name);
}
}
2.让简单线程池去执行我的job:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//实例化我要执行的job
JobDemo demo = new JobDemo();
//实例线程池,线程数为10
SimpleThreadPool simpleThreadPool = new SimpleThreadPool(10, ThreadPriority.Normal);
//初始化线程池,这步必须要有
simpleThreadPool.Initialize();
//如果有空闲的线程,就执行任务.
//如果simpleThreadPool.BlockForAvailableThreads()内部没有可用的线程时,会处于阻塞状态
//理论上simpleThreadPool.BlockForAvailableThreads() > 0 永远为true
while (simpleThreadPool.BlockForAvailableThreads() > 0)
{
simpleThreadPool.RunInThread(demo);
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
Console.Read();
//干掉所有的线程
simpleThreadPool.Shutdown();
}
3.结果:
整个代码,已经从Quartz中剥离出来,下载点我。