UVA 10444

Thinking: This question is quite easy if you read it more carefully and actually the problem has already told you how to solve it.

Tip : Since sometimes factorial(n) can be quite large, long long int should be used to avoid run time error.

AC code:

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<queue>
#define MIN(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
#define lli long long int
using namespace std;

lli fac(lli n)
{
	lli result = 1;
	for (lli i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		result *= i;
	return result;
}

lli combination(int n, int r)
{
	if (r == 0||n == r)
		return 1;
	if (r > n)
		return 0;
	lli facn = fac(n);
	lli facr = fac(r);
	lli facnmr = fac(n - r);
	return facn /(facr*facnmr);
}


int main()
{
	//freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
	int n, p;
	int T = 0;
	while (scanf("%d%d", &n, &p) && (n || p))
	{
		T++;
		if (n == 0)
		{	
			printf("Case %d: %d\n", T, 0);
			continue;
		}
		int result = 0;
		int moved = 0;
		for (int k = 0; 1; k++)
		{
			int num = combination(p - 3 + k, MIN(k, p - 3));
			int cost = 1 << k;
			if (moved + num >= n)
			{
				int remain = n - moved;
				result += cost*remain;
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				moved += num;
				result += cost*num;
			}
		}
		printf("Case %d: %d\n", T, result);
	}
	return 0;
}