Mongodb安装好后,一般不需要用户名密码就可以直接使用,开发者认为只要使用环境足够安全,可以不使用认证,但是在实际使用中为了数据的安全,大多人还是选择了开启权限认证。
一、在老版的Mongodb(大概3.0以前)可以这样开启认证:
1、Linux环境下mongo shell方式认证:
- >show dbs
- ##看到有如下数据
- admin (empty)
- comment 0.203125GB
- dbtest (empty)
- foo 0.203125GB
- local (empty)
- test 0.203125GB
- >use admin
- switched to db admin
- > db.addUser('admin','12345678') ##添加用户
- Mon Nov 5 23:40:00 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/admin.ns, filling with zeroes...
- {
- "user" : "admin",
- "readOnly" : false,
- "pwd" : "89e41c6c28d88d42c21fe501d82969ea",
- "_id" : ObjectId("5097ddd00342c63efff3fbfb")
- }
- ##之后运行
- >showdbs
- Mon Nov 5 23:45:13 uncaught exception: listDatabases failed:{ "errmsg" : "need to login", "ok" : 0 } ##提示需要登录
- 添加--auth 启动
- ./mongod -auth
- ./mongo
- >use admin
- switched to db admin
- > db.auth('admin','12345678') ##用添加的账户密码查看
- Mon Nov 5 23:49:32 [conn56] authenticate db: admin { authenticate: 1, nonce: "304f5242601fafa4", user: "admin", key: "58260df384b1146466efca5c90a5ff05" }
- 1
- #1 说明登录成功
- > show dbs
- admin 0.203125GB
- comment 0.203125GB
- dbtest (empty)
- foo 0.203125GB
- local (empty)
- test 0.203125GB
- > use admin
- switched to db admin
- > show collections;
- system.indexes
- system.users
- > db.system.users.find() ##查找数据
- { "_id" : ObjectId("5097ddd00342c63efff3fbfb"), "user" : "admin", "readOnly" : false, "pwd" : "89e41c6c28d88d42c21fe501d82969ea" }
2、php代码连接认证:
- <?php
- ##1 使用超级用户连接mongodb
- /*mongodb连接*/
- $m = new Mongo("mongodb://admin:12345678@192.168.138.35:27017");
- /*选择melon数据库*/
- $db = $m->melon;
- /*集合*/
- $collection = melonco;
- /*选择数据库里面的集合,相当于表*/
- $collection = $db->$collection;
- $array = array('name'=>'melon','age'=>'24','sex'=>'Male','birth'=>array('year'=>'1988','month'=>'07','day'=>'13'));
- $collection->insert($array);
- $cursor = $collection->find();
- foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) {
- echo "$id: "; var_dump($value); echo "<br>";
- }
- ###2 使用数据库用户
- /*mongodb连接*/
- $m = new Mongo("192.168.138.35:27017");
- /*选择comment*/
- $db = $m->melon;
- /*连接数据库*/
- $db->authenticate("melon", "melon");
- /*选择t数据库里面集合,相当于表*/
- $collection = $db->melonco;
- $array = array('name'=>'melon_son','age'=>'0','sex'=>'Male','birth'=>array('year'=>'201X','month'=>'07','day'=>'13'));
- $collection->insert($array);
- $cursor = $collection->find();
- foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) {
- echo "$id: "; var_dump($value); echo "<br>";
- }
二、在3.0版之后的Mongodb,shell中依旧可以使用上述方法验证,但是php认证一直失败,日志中会报错( Failed to authenticate myuser@userdb with mechanism MONGODB-CR: AuthenticationFailed MONGODB-CR credentials missing in the user document),原来新版的mongodb加入了SCRAM-SHA-1校验方式,需要第三方工具配合进行验证。
下面给出具体解决办法:
首先关闭认证,修改system.version文档里面的authSchema版本为3,初始安装时候应该是5,命令行如下:
> use admin
switched to db admin
> var schema = db.system.version.findOne({"_id" : "authSchema"})
> schema.currentVersion = 3
3
> db.system.version.save(schema)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
不过如果你现在开启认证,仍然会提示AuthenticationFailed MONGODB-CR credentials missing in the user document
原因是原来创建的用户已经使用了SCRAM-SHA-1认证方式
> use admin
>
db.auth('root','123456')
> db.system.users.find()
{ "_id" : "admin.root", "user" : "root", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "XoI5LXvuqvxhlmuY6qkJIw==", "storedKey" : "VAT7ZVMw2kFDepQQ6/E0ZGA5UgM=", "serverKey" : "TebHOXdmY6IHzEE1rW1Onwowuy8=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] }
{ "_id" : "mydb.test", "user" : "test", "db" : "mydb", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : "c8ef9e7ab00406e84cfa807ec082f59e" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "mydb" } ] }
解决方式就是删除刚刚创建的用户,重新重建即可:
> db.system.users.remove({user:"test"});
> use mydb
> use mydb
>db.createUser({user:'test',pwd:'123456',roles:[{role:'readWrite',db:'mydb'}]})
然后开启认证,重启服务器,用php连接,一切OK
然后开启认证,重启服务器,用php连接,一切OK
- <?php
- #1 使用数据库用户认证连接mongodb
- /*mongodb连接*/
- $m = new Mongo("mongodb://test:12345678@localhost:27017/mydb");
- /*选择melon数据库*/
- $db = $m->mydb;
- /*选择数据库里面的集合stu,相当于表*/
- $collection = $db->stu;
- $array = array('name'=>'melon','age'=>'24','sex'=>'Male','birth'=>array('year'=>'1988','month'=>'07','day'=>'13'));
- $collection->insert($array);
- $cursor = $collection->find();
- foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) {
- echo "$id: "; var_dump($value); echo "<br>";
- }