转自:http://lizhenliang.blog.51cto.com/7876557/1875330
SMTP.set_debuglevel(level) | 设置输出debug调试信息,默认不输出 |
SMTP.docmd(cmd[, argstring]) | 发送一个命令到SMTP服务器 |
SMTP.connect([host[, port]]) | 连接到指定的SMTP服务器 |
SMTP.helo([hostname]) | 使用helo指令向SMTP服务器确认你的身份 |
SMTP.ehlo(hostname) | 使用ehlo指令像ESMTP(SMTP扩展)确认你的身份 |
SMTP.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed() | 如果在以前的会话连接中没有提供ehlo或者helo指令,这个方法会调用ehlo()或helo() |
SMTP.has_extn(name) | 判断指定名称是否在SMTP服务器上 |
SMTP.verify(address) | 判断邮件地址是否在SMTP服务器上 |
SMTP.starttls([keyfile[, certfile]]) | 使SMTP连接运行在TLS模式,所有的SMTP指令都会被加密 |
SMTP.login(user, password) | 登录SMTP服务器 |
SMTP.sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=[], rcpt_options=[]) | |
SMTP.quit() | 关闭SMTP会话 |
SMTP.close() | 关闭SMTP服务器连接 |
>>> import smtplib
>>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
>>> tolist=["one@one.org","two@two.org","three@three.org","four@four.org"]
>>> msg = '''\
... From: Me@my.org
... Subject: testin'...
...
... This is a test '''
>>> s.sendmail("me@my.org",tolist,msg)
{ "three@three.org" : ( 550 ,"User unknown" ) }
>>> s.quit()
>>> import smtplib
>>> s = smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
>>> tolist = ["xxx@qq.com", "xxx@163.com"]
>>> msg = '''\
... From: Me@my.org
... Subject: test
... This is a test '''
>>> s.sendmail("me@my.org", tolist, msg)
{}
进入腾讯和网易收件人邮箱,就能看到刚发的测试邮件,一般都被邮箱服务器过滤成垃圾邮件,所以收件箱没有,你要去垃圾箱看看。
>>> import smtplib
>>> s = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com")
>>> s.login("baojingtongzhi@163.com", "xxx")
(235, 'Authentication successful')
>>> tolist = ["xxx@qq.com", "xxx@163.com"]
>>> msg = '''\
... From: baojingtongzhi@163.com
... Subject: test
... This is a test '''
>>> s.sendmail("baojingtongzhi@163.com", tolist, msg)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/smtplib.py", line 725, in sendmail
raise SMTPDataError(code, resp)
smtplib.SMTPDataError: (554, 'DT:SPM 163 smtp10,DsCowAAXIdDIJAtYkZiTAA--.65425S2 1477125592,please see http://mail.163.com/help/help_spam_16.htm?ip=119.57.73.67&hostid=smtp10&time=1477125592')
>>> msg = '''\
... From: baojingtongzhi@163.com
... To: 962510244@qq.com ,zhenliang369@163.com
... Subject: test
...
... This is a test '''
>>> s.sendmail("baojingtongzhi@163.com", tolist, msg)
{}
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import smtplib
def sendMail(body):
smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
from_mail = 'baojingtongzhi@163.com'
mail_pass = 'xxx'
to_mail = ['962510244@qq.com', 'zhenliang369@163.com']
cc_mail = ['lizhenliang@xxx.com']
from_name = 'monitor'
subject = u'监控'.encode('gbk') # 以gbk编码发送,一般邮件客户端都能识别
# msg = '''\
# From: %s <%s>
# To: %s
# Subject: %s
# %s''' %(from_name, from_mail, to_mail_str, subject, body) # 这种方式必须将邮件头信息靠左,也就是每行开头不能用空格,否则报SMTP 554
mail = [
"From: %s <%s>" % (from_name, from_mail),
"To: %s" % ','.join(to_mail), # 转成字符串,以逗号分隔元素
"Subject: %s" % subject,
"Cc: %s" % ','.join(cc_mail),
"",
body
]
msg = '\n'.join(mail) # 这种方式先将头信息放到列表中,然后用join拼接,并以换行符分隔元素,结果就是和上面注释一样了
try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtp_server, '25')
s.login(from_mail, mail_pass)
s.sendmail(from_mail, to_mail+cc_mail, msg)
s.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print "Error: %s" %e
if __name__ == "__main__":
sendMail("This is a test!")
message = Message()
message['Subject'] = '邮件主题'
message['From'] = from_mail
message['To'] = to_mail
message['Cc'] = cc_mail
message.set_payload('邮件内容')
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header
from email import encoders
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
# 格式化邮件地址
def formatAddr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendMail(body, attachment):
smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
from_mail = 'baojingtongzhi@163.com'
mail_pass = 'xxx'
to_mail = ['962510244@qq.com', 'zhenliang369@163.com']
# 构造一个MIMEMultipart对象代表邮件本身
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# Header对中文进行转码
msg['From'] = formatAddr('管理员 <%s>' % from_mail).encode()
msg['To'] = ','.join(to_mail)
msg['Subject'] = Header('监控', 'utf-8').encode()
# plain代表纯文本
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 二进制方式模式文件
with open(attachment, 'rb') as f:
# MIMEBase表示附件的对象
mime = MIMEBase('text', 'txt', filename=attachment)
# filename是显示附件名字
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=attachment)
# 获取附件内容
mime.set_payload(f.read())
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 作为附件添加到邮件
msg.attach(mime)
try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtp_server, "25")
s.login(from_mail, mail_pass)
s.sendmail(from_mail, to_mail, msg.as_string()) # as_string()把MIMEText对象变成str
s.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print "Error: %s" % e
if __name__ == "__main__":
sendMail('附件是测试数据, 请查收!', 'test.txt')
3 Python发送HTML邮件
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
# 格式化邮件地址
def formatAddr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendMail(body):
smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
from_mail = 'baojingtongzhi@163.com'
mail_pass = 'xxx'
to_mail = ['962510244@qq.com', 'zhenliang369@163.com']
# 构造一个MIMEMultipart对象代表邮件本身
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# Header对中文进行转码
msg['From'] = formatAddr('管理员 <%s>' % from_mail).encode()
msg['To'] = ','.join(to_mail)
msg['Subject'] = Header('监控', 'utf-8').encode()
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtp_server, "25")
s.login(from_mail, mail_pass)
s.sendmail(from_mail, to_mail, msg.as_string()) # as_string()把MIMEText对象变成str
s.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print "Error: %s" % e
if __name__ == "__main__":
body = """
<h1>测试邮件</h1>
<h2 style="color:red">This is a test</h1>
"""
sendMail(body)
4 Python发送图片邮件
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
# 格式化邮件地址
def formatAddr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendMail(body, image):
smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
from_mail = 'baojingtongzhi@163.com'
mail_pass = 'xxx'
to_mail = ['962510244@qq.com', 'zhenliang369@163.com']
# 构造一个MIMEMultipart对象代表邮件本身
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# Header对中文进行转码
msg['From'] = formatAddr('管理员 <%s>' % from_mail).encode()
msg['To'] = ','.join(to_mail)
msg['Subject'] = Header('监控', 'utf-8').encode()
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
# 二进制模式读取图片
with open(image, 'rb') as f:
msgImage = MIMEImage(f.read())
# 定义图片ID
msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
msg.attach(msgImage)
try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtp_server, "25")
s.login(from_mail, mail_pass)
s.sendmail(from_mail, to_mail, msg.as_string()) # as_string()把MIMEText对象变成str
s.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print "Error: %s" % e
if __name__ == "__main__":
body = """
<h1>测试图片</h1>
<img src="cid:image1"/> # 引用图片
"""
sendMail(body, 'test.png')
上面发邮件的几种常见的发邮件方法基本满足日常需求了。