电子名片-vcard(一)

一.vcard的定义:

vCard: Thegeneric term for an electronic, virtual information card that can betransferred between computers, PDAs, or other electronic devices throughtelephone lines, or e-mail networks, or infrared links. How, when, why, andwhere vCard are used depends on the applications developed utilizing a vCard.
通俗来讲就是:电子名片

二.版本:

目前vcard已经经历了好几个版本:V2.1,V3.0,V4.0
类似格式如图:
 
蓝牙中一般手机支持2.1版本的居多

三.  Vcard spec:

  1.vcard对象:一个vcard数据流可能包含几个vcard对象,所以就需要有一个定界符:
  BEGIN:VCARD
  ……
  END:VCARD


  2.属性:

  每个属性的格式如下:
  PropertyName [‘;‘PropertyParameters] ’:‘ PropertyValue
  例:TEL;HOME:+1-919-555-1234


  3.结束符:

  每个属性的结束以\r\n结束,即ascii的13和10结束


四.属性识别(介绍一些常用的)

1.Formatted name(FN),name(N)
FN表示一个vcard对象的名称,N表示这个对象名称的组成部分
N的格式分5个部分:FamilyName (first field), Given Name (second field), Additional Names (third field),Name Prefix (fourth field), and Name Suffix (fifth field),分别用’;’或者’,’间隔开
例如:N:Public;John;Quinlan;Mr.;Esq
                N:Veni,Vidi, Vici;The Restaurant
2.photograph
这个在vcard中的属性名称是:PHOTO
例:PHOTO;VALUE=URL:file:///jqpublic.gif
另外,该属性存在编码方式和图片类型两个参数
  例:PHOTO;ENCODING=BASE64;TYPE=GIF:
   R0lGODdhfgA4AOYAAAAAAK+vr62trVIxa6WlpZ+fnzEpCEpzlAha/0Kc74+PjyGM
   SuecKRhrtX9/fzExORBSjCEYCGtra2NjYyF7nDGE50JrhAg51qWtOTl7vee1MWu1
    50o5e3PO/3sxcwAx/4R7GBgQOcDAwFoAQt61hJyMGHuUSpRKIf8A/wAY54yMjHtz
...
TYPE分:
 

Description

Property Parameter Value

TYPE=

 

Indicates Graphics Interchange Format

GIF

Indicates ISO Computer Graphics Metafile

CGM

Indicates MS Windows Metafile

WMF

Indicates MS Windows Bitmap

BMP

Indicates IBM PM Metafile

MET

Indicates IBM PM Bitmap

PMB

Indicates MS Windows DIB

DIB

Indicates an Apple Picture format

PICT

Indicates a Tagged Image File Format

TIFF

Indicates Adobe PostScript format

PS

Indicates Adobe Page Description Format

PDF

Indicates ISO JPEG format

JPEG

Indicates ISO MPEG format

MPEG

Indicates ISO MPEG version 2 format

MPEG2

Indicates Intel AVI format

AVI

Indicates Apple QuickTime format

QTIME

 
3.birthdat
以BDAY标示
例:BDAY:19950415


4.地址:
以ADR为标示,地址分7个域,分别是:
the Post Office Address (first field)Extended Address (second field), Street (third field), Locality (fourth field),Region (fifth field), Postal Code (six field), and Country (seventh field)
例:ADR;DOM;HOME:P.O. Box 101;Suite 101;123Main Street;Any Town;CA;91921-1234;
地址参数有个TYPE,分别为:

Description

Property Parameter Value

TYPE=

 

Indicates a domestic address

DOM

Indicates an international address (Default)

INTL

Indicates a postal delivery address  (Default)

POSTAL

Indicates a parcel delivery address  (Default)

PARCEL

Indicates a home delivery address

HOME

Indicates a work delivery address  (Default)

WORK

 

 


5.LABLE类型:
和地址很像,区别是地址以’;’分开,但是LABEL是一串格式化的字符串


6.电话类型
以TEL标示,由于电话也有很多类型,所以同样以TYPE区分开,包括类型如下:

Description

Property Parameter Value

TYPE=

 

Indicates preferred number

PREF

Indicates a work number

WORK

Indicates a home number

HOME

Indicates a voice number (Default)

VOICE

Indicates a facsimile number

FAX

Indicates a messaging service on the number

MSG

Indicates a cellular number

CELL

Indicates a pager number

PAGER

Indicates a bulletin board service number

BBS

Indicates a MODEM number

MODEM

Indicates a car-phone number

CAR

Indicates an ISDN number

ISDN

Indicates a video-phone number

VIDEO

 

 

 
例:TEL;WORK;HOME;VOICE;FAX:+1-800-555-1234


7.电子邮件
以EMAIL标示,同样电子邮件分很多种,以TYPE区分开,包括类型如下:

Description

Property Parameter Value

TYPE=

 

Indicates America On-Line

AOL

Indicates AppleLink

AppleLink

Indicates AT&T Mail

ATTMail

Indicates CompuServe Information Service

CIS

Indicates eWorld

eWorld

Indicates Internet SMTP (default)

INTERNET

Indicates IBM Mail

IBMMail

Indicates MCI Mail

MCIMail

Indicates PowerShare

POWERSHARE

Indicates Prodigy information service

PRODIGY

Indicates Telex number

TLX

Indicates X.400 service

X400

8,version
以VERSION标示,目前一般存在2.1,3.0,4.0,
例:VERSION:2.1


另外:贴一张version2.1的例子:


 

 
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