控制器分组：Area

作用：将项目以控件器组进行横向切分，使每个团队开发不同的控制器组，利用任务分工，提高项目的开发效率；有效的切割项目，有利于项目的后期维护。

 

思路：

　1     需要添加 AreaRouteHeler，便于创建控制器分组信息。

　2    添加自定义视图引擎，为了控制器能够导航到各Area中的页面。

 

步骤：

　1 .    添加 AreaRouteHeler。

　　 /// <summary> /// 控件器分组帮助类 /// </summary> public class AreaRouteHeler { /// <summary> /// 创建控制器域 /// </summary> /// <param name="routeCollection">路由集合</param> /// <param name="areaName">控制器域</param> /// <param name="controllerNameSpace">控制器NameSpace</param> /// <param name="routeEntries">路由参数（可多个）</param> public static void CreateArea(this RouteCollection routeCollection, string areaName, string controllerNameSpace, params Route[] routeEntries) { if (routeEntries == null || routeEntries.Length <= 0) { return; } foreach (Route route in routeEntries) { if (route.Constraints == null) { route.Constraints = new RouteValueDictionary(); } if (route.Defaults == null) { route.Defaults = new RouteValueDictionary(); } if (route.DataTokens == null) { route.DataTokens = new RouteValueDictionary(); } route.Constraints.Add("area", areaName); route.DataTokens.Add("namespaces", new[] { controllerNameSpace }); route.Defaults.Add("area", areaName); //To support "new Route()" in addition to "routes.MapRoute()" if (!routeCollection.Contains(route)) { routeCollection.Add(route); } } } }  

2.   添加自定义视图引擎.

     /// <summary> /// 控件器分组视图引擎 /// </summary> public class AreaViewEngine : WebFormViewEngine { public AreaViewEngine() : base() { // 视图位置匹配规则设置 ViewLocationFormats = new string[] { "~/{0}.aspx", "~/{0}.ascx", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.aspx", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.ascx", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.aspx", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.ascx", }; // 母版页匹配规则设置 MasterLocationFormats = new string[] { "~/{0}.master", "~/Shared/{0}.master", "~/Views/{1}/{0}.master", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.master", }; } #region override父类 /// <summary> /// 寻找局部视图 /// </summary> /// <param name="controllerContext">ControllerBase和HttpContextBase的上下文</param> /// <param name="partialViewName">局部视图名称</param> /// <param name="useCache">是否缓存</param> /// <returns>结果</returns> public override ViewEngineResult FindPartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName, bool useCache) { ViewEngineResult areaResult = null; // 判断是否存在当前的控制器分组 if (controllerContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("area")) { // 寻找局部视图 string areaPartialName = FormatViewName(controllerContext, partialViewName); areaResult = base.FindPartialView(controllerContext, areaPartialName, useCache); if (areaResult != null && areaResult.View != null) { return areaResult; } // 寻找共享部分的视图 string sharedAreaPartialName = FormatSharedViewName(controllerContext, partialViewName); areaResult = base.FindPartialView(controllerContext, sharedAreaPartialName, useCache); if (areaResult != null && areaResult.View != null) { return areaResult; } } // 如果均没找着，按MVC默认寻找视图。 return base.FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName, useCache); } /// <summary> /// 寻找视图 /// </summary> /// <param name="controllerContext">控制器上下文对象</param> /// <param name="viewName">视图名称</param> /// <param name="masterName">母版页</param> /// <param name="useCache">是否缓存</param> /// <returns>结果</returns> public override ViewEngineResult FindView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName, string masterName, bool useCache) { ViewEngineResult areaResult = null; if (controllerContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("area")) { string areaViewName = FormatViewName(controllerContext, viewName); areaResult = base.FindView(controllerContext, areaViewName, masterName, useCache); if (areaResult != null && areaResult.View != null) { return areaResult; } string sharedAreaViewName = FormatSharedViewName(controllerContext, viewName); areaResult = base.FindView(controllerContext, sharedAreaViewName, masterName, useCache); if (areaResult != null && areaResult.View != null) { return areaResult; } } return base.FindView(controllerContext, viewName, masterName, useCache); } #endregion private static string FormatViewName(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName) { string controllerName = controllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller"); string area = controllerContext.RouteData.Values["area"].ToString(); return string.Format("Areas/{0}/Views/{1}/{2}" , area, controllerName ,viewName); } private static string FormatSharedViewName(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName) { string area = controllerContext.RouteData.Values["area"].ToString(); return string.Format("Areas/{0}/Views/Shared/{1}", area, viewName); } } 

如何使用呢？

 

这个就是轻车熟路了，去全局应用程序类中进行配置控件器分组、注册视图引擎，就可以了。

 

a.　设置不同的控制器项

public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); // Account控制器组 routes.CreateArea("Account", "WT.TTC.UI.Areas.Account.Controllers", routes.MapRoute(null, "Account/{controller}/{action}", new { controller = "Account", action = "Index" })); // UserCenter控制器组 routes.CreateArea("UserCenter", "WT.TTC.UI.Areas.UserCenter.Controllers", routes.MapRoute("IndexPage2", "UserCenter/{controller}/{action}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" })); // root，根目录 routes.CreateArea("Root", "WT.TTC.UI.Controllers.HomeController", routes.MapRoute("IndexPage3-必须唯一", "UserCenter/{controller}/{action}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" })); } 

b.　设置视图引擎

protected void Application_Start() { // 添加视图引擎 ViewEngines.Engines.Clear(); ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new AreaViewEngine()); RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); } 

输入url:

http://localhost:5459/account/account/index

http://localhost:5459/UserCenter/Home/index

 

结果：能够正常导航。一切ＯＫ结束。

 

注意一件事：

routes.MapRoute(null, "Account/{controller}/{action}".......

routes.MapRoute(“IndexPage2”, "Account/{controller}/{action}".......

routes.MapRoute("IndexPage3-必须唯一", "UserCenter/{controller}/{action}".......

 

我们发现：routes.MapRoute方法第一个参数，路由名称不能重复；或者为null值，但不推荐这么做，假如哪一天你可trace，有一个名字是不是好很多？

 

在此间中出现了一个大黄页错误：

 

未能加载类型“System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<dynamic>”。

 

在Web.config文件的pages节点加入即可，原因应该是缺少配置，导致反射生成类型失败。

 

<pages validateRequest="false" pageParserFilterType="System.Web.Mvc.ViewTypeParserFilter, System.Web.Mvc, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage, System.Web.Mvc, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" userControlBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl, System.Web.Mvc, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">