Android -- Camera 照相和录像， 使用系统APP和自己生成Camera

1. 使用系统Camera APP 照相和录像

示例代码：

需要添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />

activity_main.xml 布局

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:onClick="click"
        android:text="拍照" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv"
        android:layout_width="100dip"
        android:layout_height="100dip" />

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private ImageView iv;
	private Uri fileUri;
	public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;
	public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv);
	}

	/** Create a file Uri for saving an image or video */
	private static Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type) {
		return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type));
	}

	/** Create a File for saving an image or video */
	private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type) {
		//SDcard/Pictures/MyCameraApp 目录	
		File mediaStorageDir = new File(
				Environment
						.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES),
				"MyCameraApp");

		// 创建sd卡的目录
		if (!mediaStorageDir.exists()) {
			if (!mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) {
				Log.d("MyCameraApp", "failed to create directory");
				return null;
			}
		}

		// Create a media file name
		String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss")
				.format(new Date());
		File mediaFile;
		if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE) {
			mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator
					+ "IMG_" + timeStamp + ".jpg");
		} else if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
			mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator
					+ "VID_" + timeStamp + ".mp4");
		} else {
			return null;
		}

		return mediaFile;
	}

	public void click(View view) {
		// create Intent to take a picture and return control to the calling
		// application   MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE
		Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);

		fileUri = getOutputMediaFileUri(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE); // create a file
															// to save the
															// image
		intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri); // set the image file
															// name

		// start the image capture Intent
		startActivityForResult(intent, 0);

	}

	@Override
	protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
		
		try {
			InputStream is = getContentResolver().openInputStream(fileUri);
			Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
			iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
	}

}

2. 使用系统API 自己创建Camera

示例代码：

需要权限

	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />    
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
	<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/camera_preview"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_capture"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:text="Capture" />

</LinearLayout>

CameraPreview.java  拍照之前的预览显示

import java.io.IOException;

import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements
		SurfaceHolder.Callback {
	private static final String TAG = "CameraPreview";
	private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
	private Camera mCamera;

	public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) {
		super(context);
		mCamera = camera;

		// Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the
		// underlying surface is created and destroyed.
		mHolder = getHolder();
		mHolder.addCallback(this);
		// deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0
		mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
	}

	public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		// The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the
		// preview.
		try {
			mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
			mCamera.startPreview();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		// empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity.
	}

	public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {
		// If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.
		// Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.

		if (mHolder.getSurface() == null) {
			// preview surface does not exist
			return;
		}

		// stop preview before making changes
		try {
			mCamera.stopPreview();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview
		}

		// set preview size and make any resize, rotate or
		// reformatting changes here

		// start preview with new settings
		try {
			mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);
			mCamera.startPreview();

		} catch (Exception e) {
			Log.d(TAG, "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
		}
	}
}

MainActivity.java

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	Camera mCamera;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

		if (checkCameraHardware(this)) {
			// Create an instance of Camera
			mCamera = getCameraInstance();
			// 解决成像旋转90°问题
			mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90);
			// Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our
			// activity.
			CameraPreview mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);
			FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);
			preview.addView(mPreview);
		}
		
		// Add a listener to the Capture button
		Button captureButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_capture);
		captureButton.setOnClickListener(
		    new View.OnClickListener() {
		        @Override
		        public void onClick(View v) {
		        	mCamera.autoFocus(null);
		        	
		            // get an image from the camera
		            mCamera.takePicture(null, null, new PictureCallback() {
		                @Override
		                public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {

		                    File pictureFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"my.jpg");
		                    String TAG="PictureCallback";
						

		                    try {
		                        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);
		                        fos.write(data);
		                        fos.close();
		                    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
		                        Log.d(TAG, "File not found: " + e.getMessage());
		                    } catch (IOException e) {
		                        Log.d(TAG, "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());
		                    }
		                }
		            });
		        }
		    }
		);

	}

	/** 检查是否有照相机 */
	private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) {
		if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(
				PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)) {
			// this device has a camera
			return true;
		} else {
			// no camera on this device
			return false;
		}
	}

	/** 获取一个照相机. */
	public static Camera getCameraInstance() {
		Camera c = null;
		try {
			c = Camera.open(); // attempt to get a Camera instance
			//Camera.open(1);//打开前置摄像头
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)
		}
		return c; // returns null if camera is unavailable
	}

}