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FreeBSD 最小化安装＋diablo-jdk ＋Apache 与 Tomcat 整合！收藏

这篇文章算是补交很久之前的一篇作业，也顺便平息坛子里面很多同学的疑问！

我先说明一下配置环境的大概情况：

OS	FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE
JDK	diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01
Apache	apache-2.2.3
Tomcat	tomcat-5.5.23

具体的版本信息显示如下：


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_info 
apache-2.2.3        Version 2.2 of Apache web server with prefork MPM.
bash-3.1.17         The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell
cvsup-without-gui-16.1h_2 General network file distribution system optimized for CVS 
diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01 Java Development Kit 1.5.0_07.01
expat-2.0.0_1       XML 1.0 parser written in C
fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1 An XML-based font configuration API for X Windows
freetype2-2.2.1_1   A free and portable TrueType font rendering engine
gettext-0.14.5_2    GNU gettext package
gmake-3.81_1        GNU version of 'make' utility
javavmwrapper-2.3   Wrapper script for various Java Virtual Machines
libdrm-2.0.2        Userspace interface to kernel Direct Rendering Module servi
libiconv-1.9.2_2    A character set conversion library
mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 Apache JK module for connecting to Tomcat using AJP1X
perl-5.8.8          Practical Extraction and Report Language
pkg-config-0.21     A utility to retrieve information about installed libraries
tomcat-5.5.23       Open-source Java web server by Apache, 5.5.x branch
xorg-libraries-6.9.0 X11 libraries and headers from X.Org

好，来看看具体的做法吧！

第一步：安装FreeBSD，采取最小化安装的步骤。

这里没有什么特别的地方，只是提醒一下，安装完成后注意要更新到最新的ports tree ！

由于是最小化安装，所以需要通过 sysinstall 去把下面几个package安装上(via CD-ROM) ：

cvsup-without-gui # 更新ports tree 需要
perl # Perl当然是很多地方需要的... ^^!
gmake # 安装mod_jk时需要
bash # 我不熟C Shell，所以我另外安装了这个

完成安装后，更新ports tree，我使用了cvsup.FreeBSDChina.org 作为镜像！

第二步：安装 JDK －FreeBSD 发布的 JDK 1.5 软件包

罗嗦一句，从源代码编译JDK的时代已经过去了，我是懒人，所以喜欢用pkg_add ！

如果你想从ports来编译JDK，可以看看这里：FreeBSD中编译JDK

2.1 下载diablo-jdk的软件包：diablo-jdk-freebsd6.i386.1.5.0.07.01.tbz

2.2 查找diablo-jdk的依赖项：


[root@FreeBSD /usr/ports] $ make search name=diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01
Port: diablo-jdk-1.5.0.07.01
Path: /usr/ports/java/diablo-jdk15
Info: Java Development Kit 1.5.0_07.01
Maint: glewis@FreeBSD.org
B-deps: expat-2.0.0_1 fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1 freetype2-2.2.1_1 libdrm-2.0.2 pkg-config-0.21 xorg-libraries-6.9.0
R-deps: expat-2.0.0_1 fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1 freetype2-2.2.1_1 javavmwrapper-2.3 libdrm-2.0.2 pkg-config-0.21 xorg-libraries-6.9.0
WWW: http://www.FreeBSDFoundation.org/downloads/java.shtml

可以看到有如下几个packages需要安装：

expat-2.0.0_1
fontconfig-2.3.2_6,1
freetype2-2.2.1_1
libdrm-2.0.2
pkg-config-0.21
xorg-libraries-6.9.0
javavmwrapper-2.3

2.3 从网络安装diablo-jdk所需要的软件包 (并非ports的编译安装方式)


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ setenv PACKAGESITE ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r expat
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r freetype
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r fontconfig
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r ... 省略 ...
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r xorg-libraries
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r javavmwrapper

注意：这里用pkg_add的时候，不带软件包的版本号！

* 有没有Debian/Ubuntu中的apt-get的感觉呀？ ^^!

2.4 安装diablo-jdk，直接找到我们下载的jdk软件包文件，用pkg_add添加：


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add diablo-jdk-freebsd6.i386.1.5.0.07.01.tbz
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0/bin/java -version
java version "1.5.0"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build diablo-1.5.0-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build diablo-1.5.0_07-b01, mixed mode)

提醒：

安装的时候，会出来SUN的许可协议，同意即可.
安装时会说javawmwrapper版本有点高，可以不用理会.

第三步：安装Tomcat

3.1 抓tomcat的档案下来：


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ cd /usr/ports/www/tomcat55
[root@FreeBSD tomcat55] $ make
===>  Vulnerability check disabled, database not found 
=> apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. 
=> Attempting to fetch from http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-5/v5.5.23/bin/. 
apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz                   100% of 5837 kB   16 kBps 00m00s 
===>  Extracting for tomcat-5.5.23 
=> MD5 Checksum OK for apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz. 
=> SHA256 Checksum OK for apache-tomcat-5.5.23.tar.gz. 
===>  Patching for tomcat-5.5.23 
Installation settings: 
   Destination directory:    /usr/local/tomcat5.5 
   Location of JDK:          /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0 
   Location of Java port:    java/diablo-jdk15 
   Running as (user/group):  www/www 
   HTTP port:                8180 
   Shutdown listener port:   8005 
   AJP 1.3 connector port:   8009 
   Logfile stdout:           /usr/local/tomcat5.5/logs/stdout.log 
   Logfile stderr:           /usr/local/tomcat5.5/logs/stderr.log 
===>  Applying FreeBSD patches for tomcat-5.5.23 
>> Removing unneeded files... [ DONE ] 
>> Customizing server.xml... [ DONE ] 
===>  Configuring for tomcat-5.5.23

3.2 安装tomcat


[root@FreeBSD tomcat55] $ make install 
===>  Installing for tomcat-5.5.23 
===>   tomcat-5.5.23 depends on file: /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0/bin/java - found 
===>   Generating temporary packing list 
===>  Checking if www/tomcat55 already installed 
>> Creating destination directory... [ DONE ] 
>> Copying files to destination directory... 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/Catalina/localhost/host-manager.xml 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/Catalina/localhost/manager.xml 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/catalina.policy 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/catalina.properties 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/context.xml 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/logging.properties 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/server-minimal.xml 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/server.xml 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/tomcat-users.xml 
        Installing local configuration file: /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/web.xml 
 [ DONE ] 
>> Creating log files... [ DONE ] 
>> Creating symlink to tools.jar... [ DONE ]

第四步：安装Apache Web Server


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ pkg_add -r apache22
Fetching ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/apache22.tbz...

第五步：Apache Web Server 与 Tomcat 的整合

5.1 必备的组件mod_jk的安装


[root@FreeBSD /usr/ports/www/mod_jk] $ make
===>  Vulnerability check disabled, database not found
=> tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/.
=> Attempting to fetch from http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/source/jk-1.2.21/.
=> Attempting to fetch from http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/source/jk-1.2.21/.
tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz           100% of 1303 kB   27 kBps 00m00s
===>  Extracting for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1
=> MD5 Checksum OK for tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz.
=> SHA256 Checksum OK for tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src.tar.gz.
===>  Patching for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1
===>  Applying FreeBSD patches for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1
===>   mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 depends on file: /usr/local/sbin/apxs - found
===>   mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 depends on executable in : gmake - found
===>   mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1 depends on file: /usr/local/sbin/apxs - found
===>  Configuring for mod_jk-ap2-1.2.21,1
...省略 ...
...省略 ...
...省略 ...
Making all in common
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/common'
gmake[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/common'
Making all in apache-2.0
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/apache-2.0'
gmake[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/www/mod_jk/work/tomcat-connectors-1.2.21-src/native/apache-2.0'

[root@FreeBSD /usr/ports/www/mod_jk] $ make install

5.2 编辑 /usr/local/etc/apache22/httpd.conf 文件，添加如下内容：

LoadModule jk_module libexec/apache/mod_jk.so

5.3 建立文件 /usr/local/etc/apache22/Includes/tomcat-apache.conf ，内容如下：


[root@FreeBSD Includes] $ cat tomcat-apache.conf
JkWorkersFile /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties

JkLogFile /var/log/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel info

JkMount /*.jsp ajp13
JkMount /jsp-examples/* ajp13
JkMount /servlets-examples/* ajp13
JkMount /servlet/* ajp13

* JkMount 是把tomcat中的URI与Apache的URI做一个映射，也就是说：

   Apache 中的：http://localhost/jsp-examples/some-jsp-file.jsp
                                        <---- 对应 --->
   Tomcat 中的：http://localhost:<port>/jsp-examples/some-jsp-file.jsp

5.4 创建 mod_jk 的日志文件，并设定其归属的用户和组：


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ touch /var/log/mod_jk.log
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ chown www:www /var/log/mod_jk.log

5.5 建立 /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties 文件：


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ cat /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties
workers.tomcat_home=/usr/local/tomcat5.5
workers.java_home=/usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0
ps=/
worker.list=ajp12, ajp13
worker.ajp13.port=8009
worker.ajp13.host=localhost
worker.ajp13.type=ajp13

5.5 更改 workers.properties 文件归属的用户和组：


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ chown www:www /usr/local/tomcat5.5/conf/workers.properties

5.6 确定 tomcat 配置文件 server.xml 中有开启AJP功能：

    
    <Connector className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.Ajp13Connector"
               port="8009" minProcessors="5" maxProcessors="75"
               acceptCount="10" debug="0"/>

* 这段不能被注视掉！

第六步：进行测试

6.1 启动服务


[root@FreeBSD ~] $ /usr/local/etc/rc.d/tomcat55 onestart
Starting tomcat55.
[root@FreeBSD ~] $ /usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22 onestart
Performing sanity check on apache22 configuration:
Syntax OK
Starting apache22.