【JAVA核心技术】新I/O

以下程序清单用于计算文件的32位的循环冗余校验和(CRC32)这个数值就是经常用来判断一个文件是否已损坏的校验和，因为文件损坏极有可能导致校验和改变。java.util.zip包

包含一个CRC32类，可以使用循环来计算一个字节序列的校验和。

package cn.ls;

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.*;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.util.zip.*;

/**
 * This program computes the CRC checksum of a file. <br>
 * Usage: java NIOTest filename
 * @version 1.01 2004-05-11
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class NIOTest
{
   public static long checksumInputStream(String filename) throws IOException
   {
      InputStream in = new FileInputStream(filename);
      CRC32 crc = new CRC32();

      int c;
      while ((c = in.read()) != -1)
         crc.update(c);
      return crc.getValue();
   }

   public static long checksumBufferedInputStream(String filename) throws IOException
   {
      InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filename));
      CRC32 crc = new CRC32();

      int c;
      while ((c = in.read()) != -1)
         crc.update(c);
      return crc.getValue();
   }

   public static long checksumRandomAccessFile(String filename) throws IOException
   {
      RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(filename, "r");
      long length = file.length();
      CRC32 crc = new CRC32();

      for (long p = 0; p < length; p++)
      {
         file.seek(p);
         int c = file.readByte();
         crc.update(c);
      }
      return crc.getValue();
   }

   public static long checksumMappedFile(String filename) throws IOException
   {
      FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(filename);
      FileChannel channel = in.getChannel();

      CRC32 crc = new CRC32();
      int length = (int) channel.size();
      MappedByteBuffer buffer = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, length);

      for (int p = 0; p < length; p++)
      {
         int c = buffer.get(p);
         crc.update(c);
      }
      return crc.getValue();
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
   {
      System.out.println("Input Stream:");
      long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
      long crcValue = checksumInputStream("F:/x.html");
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println(Long.toHexString(crcValue));
      System.out.println((end - start) + "  milliseconds");

      System.out.println("Buffered Input Stream:");
      start = System.currentTimeMillis();
      crcValue = checksumBufferedInputStream("F:/x.html");
      end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println(Long.toHexString(crcValue));
      System.out.println((end - start) + "  milliseconds");

      System.out.println("Random Access File:");
      start = System.currentTimeMillis();
      crcValue = checksumRandomAccessFile("F:/x.html");
      end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println(Long.toHexString(crcValue));
      System.out.println((end - start) + "  milliseconds");

      System.out.println("Mapped File:");
      start = System.currentTimeMillis();
      crcValue = checksumMappedFile("F:/x.html");
      end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println(Long.toHexString(crcValue));
      System.out.println((end - start) + "  milliseconds");
   }
}

实验结果如下：

Input Stream:
599af5f2
2303  milliseconds
Buffered Input Stream:
599af5f2
43  milliseconds
Random Access File:
599af5f2
3038  milliseconds
Mapped File:
599af5f2
29  milliseconds

内存映射要比带缓冲的顺序读取还要快。