Time Limit: 1000MS | Memory Limit: 65536K | |
Total Submissions: 7141 | Accepted: 2991 |
Description
On Planet MM-21, after their Olympic games this year, curling is getting popular. But the rules are somewhat different from ours. The game is played on an ice game board on which a square mesh is marked. They use only a single stone. The purpose of the game is to lead the stone from the start to the goal with the minimum number of moves.
Fig. 1 shows an example of a game board. Some squares may be occupied with blocks. There are two special squares namely the start and the goal, which are not occupied with blocks. (These two squares are distinct.) Once the stone begins to move, it will proceed until it hits a block. In order to bring the stone to the goal, you may have to stop the stone by hitting it against a block, and throw again.
Fig. 1: Example of board (S: start, G: goal)
The movement of the stone obeys the following rules:
- At the beginning, the stone stands still at the start square.
- The movements of the stone are restricted to x and y directions. Diagonal moves are prohibited.
- When the stone stands still, you can make it moving by throwing it. You may throw it to any direction unless it is blocked immediately(Fig. 2(a)).
- Once thrown, the stone keeps moving to the same direction until one of the following occurs:
- The stone hits a block (Fig. 2(b), (c)).
- The stone stops at the square next to the block it hit.
- The block disappears.
- The stone gets out of the board.
- The game ends in failure.
- The stone reaches the goal square.
- The stone stops there and the game ends in success.
- The stone hits a block (Fig. 2(b), (c)).
- You cannot throw the stone more than 10 times in a game. If the stone does not reach the goal in 10 moves, the game ends in failure.
Fig. 2: Stone movements
Under the rules, we would like to know whether the stone at the start can reach the goal and, if yes, the minimum number of moves required.
With the initial configuration shown in Fig. 1, 4 moves are required to bring the stone from the start to the goal. The route is shown in Fig. 3(a). Notice when the stone reaches the goal, the board configuration has changed as in Fig. 3(b).
Fig. 3: The solution for Fig. D-1 and the final board configuration
Input
The input is a sequence of datasets. The end of the input is indicated by a line containing two zeros separated by a space. The number of datasets never exceeds 100.
Each dataset is formatted as follows.
the width(=w) and the height(=h) of the board
First row of the board
...
h-th row of the board
The width and the height of the board satisfy: 2 <= w <= 20, 1 <= h <= 20.
Each line consists of w decimal numbers delimited by a space. The number describes the status of the corresponding square.
0 vacant square 1 block 2 start position 3 goal position
The dataset for Fig. D-1 is as follows:
6 6
1 0 0 2 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 3
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1
Output
For each dataset, print a line having a decimal integer indicating the minimum number of moves along a route from the start to the goal. If there are no such routes, print -1 instead. Each line should not have any character other than this number.
Sample Input
2 1 3 2 6 6 1 0 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 6 1 1 0 2 1 1 3 12 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 13 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 0 0
Sample Output
1 4 -1 4 10 -1
题意:
一颗珠子从原点(2)开始,最后想要到达终点(3)。
其规则是: 只能往X,Y的方向抛掷,且抛掷后只有遇到障碍(1)或终点才能停下来;且遇到障碍后,障碍会消失,且珠子会往反方向滚一格。
滚出框外算输。且如果相邻即是障碍,则不能朝那个方向抛掷。
求珠子滚到终点所要的步数,如果到达不了或超过10步,则输出-1.
思路:
一道非常明显的DFS题。只是我一开始不是求的最短步数,改了很多次啊很多次。。。而且代码很长。。。
代码实现:
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<string.h> 3 using namespace std; 4 int a[50][50]; 5 int ax[50]; 6 int ay[50]; 7 struct point{ 8 int x; 9 int y; 10 }; 11 point start; 12 point end; 13 int bx[4]={0,0,-1,1}; 14 int by[4]={1,-1,0,0}; 15 int n,m; 16 int sumlen=24; 17 int DFS(point v,int len){ 18 if(len>10) 19 return 0; 20 int k; 21 for(k=0;k<4;k++){ 22 if(v.x+bx[k]>0&&v.x+bx[k]<=n&&v.y+by[k]>0&&v.y+by[k]<=m){ 23 if(a[v.x+bx[k]][v.y+by[k]]!=1) 24 break; 25 } 26 } 27 if(k>=4) 28 return 0; 29 if((v.x==end.x||v.y==end.y)){ 30 int j,g,t1,t2,t3,t4; 31 if(v.y==end.y){ 32 t1=v.x<end.x?v.x:end.x; 33 t2=v.x>end.x?v.x:end.x; 34 for(j=t1+1;j<t2;j++){ 35 if(a[j][v.y]==1) 36 break; 37 } 38 if(j>=t2) 39 return len; 40 } 41 else{ 42 t3=v.y<end.y?v.y:end.y; 43 t4=v.y>end.y?v.y:end.y; 44 for(g=t3+1;g<t4;g++){ 45 if(a[v.x][g]==1) 46 break; 47 } 48 if(g>=t4) 49 return len; 50 } 51 } 52 if(ax[v.x]==0&&ay[v.y]==0){ 53 return 0; 54 } 55 if(ax[v.x]!=0){ 56 for(int k=v.y-1;k>0;k--){ 57 if(k==v.y-1&&a[v.x][k]==1) 58 break; 59 if(a[v.x][k]==1&&v.y!=k){ 60 point temp; 61 temp.x=v.x; 62 temp.y=k+1; 63 a[v.x][k]=0; 64 ax[temp.x]--; 65 ay[k]--; 66 int temp2=DFS(temp,len+1); 67 a[v.x][k]=1; 68 ax[temp.x]++; 69 if(temp2>0){ 70 if(sumlen>temp2) 71 sumlen=temp2; 72 } 73 ay[k]++; 74 break; 75 } 76 } 77 for(int k=v.y+1;k<=m;k++){ 78 if(k==v.y+1&&a[v.x][k]==1) 79 break; 80 if(a[v.x][k]==1&&v.y!=k){ 81 point temp; 82 temp.x=v.x; 83 temp.y=k-1; 84 a[v.x][k]=0; 85 ax[temp.x]--; 86 ay[k]--; 87 int temp2=DFS(temp,len+1); 88 a[v.x][k]=1; 89 ax[temp.x]++; 90 ay[k]++; 91 if(temp2>0){ 92 if(sumlen>temp2) 93 sumlen=temp2; 94 } 95 break; 96 } 97 } 98 } 99 if(ay[v.y]!=0){ 100 for(int g=v.x-1;g>0;g--){ 101 if(g==v.x-1&&a[g][v.y]==1) 102 break; 103 if(a[g][v.y]==1&&v.x!=g){ 104 point temp1; 105 temp1.x=g+1; 106 temp1.y=v.y; 107 a[g][v.y]=0; 108 ax[g]--; 109 ay[temp1.y]--; 110 int temp3=DFS(temp1,len+1); 111 a[g][v.y]=1; 112 ax[g]++; 113 ay[temp1.y]++; 114 if(temp3>0){ 115 if(sumlen>temp3) 116 sumlen=temp3; 117 } 118 break; 119 } 120 } 121 for(int k=v.x+1;k<=n;k++){ 122 if(k==v.x+1&&a[k][v.y]==1) 123 break; 124 if(a[k][v.y]==1&&v.x!=k){ 125 point temp; 126 temp.x=k-1; 127 temp.y=v.y; 128 a[k][v.y]=0; 129 ax[k]--; 130 ay[temp.y]--; 131 int temp2=DFS(temp,len+1); 132 a[k][v.y]=1; 133 ax[k]++; 134 ay[temp.y]++; 135 if(temp2>0) { 136 if(sumlen>temp2) 137 sumlen=temp2; 138 } 139 break; 140 } 141 } 142 } 143 return sumlen; 144 } 145 int main(){ 146 while(cin>>m>>n){ 147 if(m==0&&n==0) 148 break; 149 sumlen=24; 150 memset(a,0,sizeof(a)); 151 memset(ax,0,sizeof(ax)); 152 memset(ay,0,sizeof(ay)); 153 for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ 154 for(int j=1;j<=m;j++){ 155 cin>>a[i][j]; 156 if(a[i][j]==2){ 157 start.x=i; 158 start.y=j; 159 } 160 if(a[i][j]==3){ 161 end.x=i; 162 end.y=j; 163 } 164 else if(a[i][j]==1){ 165 ax[i]++; 166 ay[j]++; 167 } 168 } 169 } 170 int sum=DFS(start,1); 171 if(sum==0||sum>10) 172 cout<<"-1"<<endl; 173 else 174 cout<<sum<<endl; 175 } 176 return 0; 177 } 178