Docker——常用命令（四）

本文只列举了几个常用的命令，其他命令可使用--help查看或在网上自行查阅

一、查看当前版本

命令：docker version   或者   docker -v

[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client version: 1.7.1
Client API version: 1.19
Go version (client): go1.4.2
Git commit (client): 786b29d/1.7.1
OS/Arch (client): linux/amd64
Server version: 1.7.1
Server API version: 1.19
Go version (server): go1.4.2
Git commit (server): 786b29d/1.7.1
OS/Arch (server): linux/amd64
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 1.7.1, build 786b29d/1.7.1
[root@localhost ~]# 

二、查看当前所有docker镜像

命令：docker images

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
[root@localhost ~]#

三、拉取远程docker镜像

网易蜂巢docker镜像库地址：https://c.163.com/hub#/m/home/

命令：docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG]

e.g.. docker pull hub.c.163.com/wangjiaen/centos6.9:ssh     （从网易蜂巢拉取一个contos6.9的镜像）

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull hub.c.163.com/wangjiaen/centos6.9:ssh
ssh: Pulling from hub.c.163.com/wangjiaen/centos6.9
ebe688773310: Pull complete 
7d9a6cbcf4ff: Pull complete 
48a89683e055: Pull complete 
166c7265ea0d: Pull complete 
5caf8ed79df7: Already exists 
Digest: sha256:0d07d3e54a974c483c83dd64194718968b962e74c805833633fd12a5d0f31774
Status: Downloaded newer image for hub.c.163.com/wangjiaen/centos6.9:ssh
[root@localhost ~]# 

四、Docker的帮助命令

命令：docker COMMAND --help

e.g..  docker --help  、 docker run --help （列出docker的参数命令帮助、列出docker run的参数命令帮助）

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --help

Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

Run a command in a new container

  -a, --attach=[]             Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
  --add-host=[]               Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
  --blkio-weight=0            Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000
  -c, --cpu-shares=0          CPU shares (relative weight)
  --cap-add=[]                Add Linux capabilities
  --cap-drop=[]               Drop Linux capabilities
  --cgroup-parent=            Optional parent cgroup for the container
  --cidfile=                  Write the container ID to the file
  --cpu-period=0              Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
  --cpu-quota=0               Limit the CPU CFS quota
  --cpuset-cpus=              CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
  --cpuset-mems=              MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
  -d, --detach=false          Run container in background and print container ID
  --device=[]                 Add a host device to the container
  --dns=[]                    Set custom DNS servers
  --dns-search=[]             Set custom DNS search domains
  -e, --env=[]                Set environment variables
  --entrypoint=               Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
  --env-file=[]               Read in a file of environment variables
  --expose=[]                 Expose a port or a range of ports
  -h, --hostname=             Container host name
  --help=false                Print usage
  -i, --interactive=false     Keep STDIN open even if not attached
  --ipc=                      IPC namespace to use
  -l, --label=[]              Set meta data on a container
  --label-file=[]             Read in a line delimited file of labels
  --link=[]                   Add link to another container
  --log-driver=               Logging driver for container
  --log-opt=[]                Log driver options
  --lxc-conf=[]               Add custom lxc options
  -m, --memory=               Memory limit
  --mac-address=              Container MAC address (e.g. 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
  --memory-swap=              Total memory (memory + swap), '-1' to disable swap
  --name=                     Assign a name to the container
  --net=bridge                Set the Network mode for the container
  --oom-kill-disable=false    Disable OOM Killer
  -P, --publish-all=false     Publish all exposed ports to random ports
  -p, --publish=[]            Publish a container's port(s) to the host
  --pid=                      PID namespace to use
  --privileged=false          Give extended privileges to this container
  --read-only=false           Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
  --restart=no                Restart policy to apply when a container exits
  --rm=false                  Automatically remove the container when it exits
  --security-opt=[]           Security Options
  --sig-proxy=true            Proxy received signals to the process
  -t, --tty=false             Allocate a pseudo-TTY
  -u, --user=                 Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
  --ulimit=[]                 Ulimit options
  --uts=                      UTS namespace to use
  -v, --volume=[]             Bind mount a volume
  --volumes-from=[]           Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
  -w, --workdir=              Working directory inside the container
[root@localhost ~]# 

五、运行docker镜像

命令：docker run [OPTIONS] images[:TAG]

e.g..  docker run -d 5caf8ed   （在后台运行ID为5caf8ed的镜像，注：-d为参数，指后台运行且打印运行容器ID，5caf8ed为镜像的ID前端部分，ID不一定要输全，只要能够区分开docker就知道要运行哪个）

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
hub.c.163.com/wangjiaen/centos6.9   ssh                 5caf8ed79df7        9 weeks ago         370.9 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d 5caf8ed
28d26a28befb16feb8506df458871a8416f1e9ae02e253d363fa4bba38180e6a
[root@localhost ~]#

六、查看正在运行的容器

命令：docker ps           

docker ps -a 列出所有容器

docker ps -l 最后创建的容器

其他参数不明白可以输入：docker ps --help自行查看（其他命令一样，不懂就--help，以后就不赘述了）

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
28d26a28befb        5caf8ed             "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   4 hours ago         Up 4 hours          22/tcp              cranky_wright       
[root@localhost ~]#

七、进入容器内部

命令：docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

e.g..  docker exec -i -t IMAGE /bin/bash

e.g..  docker exec -it 28d bash   （-it即-i -t ，以交互模式进入容器ID为：28d*的容器内部，bash即执行/bin/bash脚本，如示例已经进入centos6.9内部）

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
28d26a28befb        5caf8ed             "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   4 hours ago         Up 4 hours          22/tcp              cranky_wright       
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 28d bash
[root@28d26a28befb /]# ls
bin  boot  dev	etc  home  lib	lib64  media  mnt  opt	proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv	sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@28d26a28befb /]# 

八、退出容器

命令：exit

[root@28d26a28befb /]# ls
bin  boot  dev	etc  home  lib	lib64  media  mnt  opt	proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv	sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@28d26a28befb /]# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]#

九、停止正在运行的容器

命令：docker stop ContainerID

e.g..  docker stop 28d26a28befb  （停止正在运行的ID为28d26a28befb的容器）

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
28d26a28befb        5caf8ed             "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   4 hours ago         Up 4 hours          22/tcp              cranky_wright       
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop 28d26a28befb
28d26a28befb
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@localhost ~]#

内链：

Docker——YUM升级centOS内核（一）

Docker——安装部署（二）

Docker——版本升级（三）

Docker——常用命令（四）

Docker——第一个docker服务tomcat（五）

Docker——给tomcat容器部署项目并且做成新的镜像（容器内外拷贝）（六）