Android中Sqlite使用初步介绍

1、使用Sqlite的关键是创建一类，这个类继承SQLiteOpenHelper，继承的类必须重写三个方法：构造方法，onCreate方法，onUpgrate方法

2、SQLiteDatabase是直接操作数据库的对象，可以使用SQLiteOpenHelper的getReadableDatabase或getWritableDatabase方法得到SQLiteDatabase对象。具体使用这两个方法得到的SQLiteDatabase对象的不同点，根据方法名就可以看出。一个是得到可读的，一个是得到可写的。

 

实例代码：

1、布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <Button android:id="@+id/createDatabase" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Create Database"></Button>
    <Button android:id="@+id/upgrateDatabase" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Upgrate Database"></Button>
    <Button android:id="@+id/insert" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Insert"></Button>
    <Button android:id="@+id/update" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Update"></Button>
    <Button android:id="@+id/query" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Query"></Button>
    <Button android:id="@+id/delete" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Delete"></Button>
</LinearLayout>

2、自定义继承SQLiteOpenHelper的类，重写三个方法

package yyl.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
   
    //构造函数
    public DatabaseHelper(Context context,String name,CursorFactory factory, int version)
    {
        super(context,name,factory,version);
    }

    //该函数在第一次创建数据库的时候执行
    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        System.out.println("Creaet a database test_user and table user");
        db.execSQL("create table user (id int,name varchar(20))");

    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        System.out.println("upgrate a database");

    }

}

3、数据库操作代码

package yyl.sqlite;

import yyl.db.DatabaseHelper;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class SqliteActivity extends Activity {
    // 定义变量
    private Button createDatabase = null;
    private Button upgrateDatabase = null;
    private Button insert = null;
    private Button update = null;
    private Button query = null;
    private Button delete = null;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        // 根据ID得到控件对象
        createDatabase = (Button) findViewById(R.id.createDatabase);
        upgrateDatabase = (Button) findViewById(R.id.upgrateDatabase);
        insert = (Button) findViewById(R.id.insert);
        update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
        query = (Button) findViewById(R.id.query);
        delete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete);

        // 给按钮绑定单击事件监听器
        createDatabase.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //生成DatabaseHelper对象
                DatabaseHelper databaseHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SqliteActivity.this,"sqlite_user",null,1);
                //只有调用了getReadableDatabase方法，或者getWritableDatabase方法，才会创建数据库
                databaseHelper.getReadableDatabase();
            }
        });
        upgrateDatabase.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //生成DatabaseHelper对象
                DatabaseHelper databaseHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SqliteActivity.this,"sqlite_user",null,2);
                //只有调用了getReadableDatabase方法，或者getWritableDatabase方法，才会更新数据库
                databaseHelper.getReadableDatabase();

            }
        });
        insert.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
               
                //创建ContentValue对象
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                //插入键值对，注意值的类型必须和数据库表中字段的类型一致
                values.put("id", 1);
                values.put("name", "yangyulin");
                //生成SQLiteDatabase对象
                DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SqliteActivity.this,"test_user",null,1);
                SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                //执行插入
                db.insert("user", null, values);
            }
        });
        update.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //生成DatabaseHelper对象
                DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SqliteActivity.this,"test_user",null,1);
                //调用DatabaseHelper的getWritableDatabase方法，生成SQLiteDatabase对象
                SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                //生成ContentValues对象，并设定键值对
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put("name", "newSky");
                //更新表信息:update user set name = 'newSky' where id =1;
                db.update("user", values, " id=?", new String[]{"1"});

            }
        });
        query.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //生成DatabaseHelper对象
                DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SqliteActivity.this,"test_user",null,1);
                //调用DatabaseHelper的getReadableDatabase方法，生成SQLiteDatabase对象
                SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
                //执行查询，将查询结果放入到Cursor中
                Cursor cursor = db.query("user", new String[]{"id","name"}, " id =?", new String[]{"1"}, null, null, null);

                //打印查询结果
                while(cursor.moveToNext())
                {
                    String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                    System.out.println("name --> " + name);
                }
                   
            }
        });
        delete.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //生成DatabaseHelper对象
                DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SqliteActivity.this,"test_user",null,1);
                //调用DatabaseHelper的getReadableDatabase方法，生成SQLiteDatabase对象
                SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                db.delete("user", "id =?", new String[]{"1"});
            }
        });

    }
}

查看数据库：

1、在CMD命令行下输入以下命令

>adb shelll

#>cd data/data/yyl.sqlite

#>cd databases

#>sqlite3 test_user

#>.schema

#>select * from user;