javaweb 验证码制作

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-27 00:54:46 发布

余之孟德

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-27 00:54:46 发布

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分类专栏：关于Java的那点儿事儿文章标签： servlet 验证码验证码js局部刷新

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhangwei408089826/article/details/38568673

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第一步：写一个验证码的类，名为VCode.java

package com.victorzhang.verifyCode;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VCode {
	private int w = 70;//宽
	private int h = 35;//高
	
	private Random random = new Random();
	
	private Color bgColor = new Color(240, 240, 240);
	
	private StringBuilder code = new StringBuilder(4);
	
	private BufferedImage  createImage(){
		/*
		 * 1.创建图片
		 * 2.设置背景色
		 */
		//创建图片
		BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		//设置画笔颜色
		img.getGraphics().setColor(bgColor);
		//填充一个与图片大小相同的矩形，
		img.getGraphics().fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
		return img;
	}
	
	//随机颜色
	private Color randomColor(){
		int r = random.nextInt(256);
		int g = random.nextInt(256);
		int b = random.nextInt(256);
		return new Color(r, g, b);
	}
	
	/*
	 * 字体名，样式，字号
	 */
	private String[] fontNames = {"宋体","华文楷体","黑体","华文新魏","华文隶书","微软雅黑","楷体_GB2312"};
	private int[] fontSizes = {24, 25, 26, 27, 28};
	//随机生成字体
	private Font randomFont(){
		int index = random.nextInt(fontNames.length);//合法下标
		String name = fontNames[index];
		
		int style = random.nextInt(4);
		
		index = random.nextInt(fontSizes.length);
		int size = fontSizes[index];
		
		return new Font(name, style, size);
	}
	
	private String codes = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
	//随机生成字符
	private String randomChar(){
		int index = random.nextInt(codes.length());
		return codes.charAt(index) + "";
	}
	
	//画干扰线
	private void drawLine(BufferedImage img){
		Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D)img.getGraphics();
		g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
		g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			int x1 = random.nextInt(w);
			int y1 = random.nextInt(h);
			int x2 = random.nextInt(w);
			int y2 = random.nextInt(h);
			g.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
		}
	}
	
	//用户调用获取图片
	public BufferedImage getImage(){
		/*
		 * 写字符，设置字体，字符颜色
		 */
		BufferedImage img = createImage();
		Graphics g = img.getGraphics();
		
		//画字符
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			String ch = this.randomChar();//获取随机字符
			code.append(ch);
			g.setColor(this.randomColor());//随机颜色
			g.setFont(this.randomFont());//随机字体
			g.drawString(ch, w/4*i, h-5);
		}
		this.drawLine(img);//添加干扰线
		return img;
	}
	
	//获取验证码的字符
	public String getCode(){
		return code.toString();
	}
	
	//保存图片
	public static void saveImage(BufferedImage img, OutputStream out) throws IOException{
		ImageIO.write(img, "JPEG", out);
	}
}<strong>
</strong>

第二步：编写一个servlet，名为VerifyCodeServlet.java

package com.victorzhang.servlet;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.victorzhang.verifyCode.VCode;

public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		VCode vCode = new VCode();
		BufferedImage img = vCode.getImage();
		VCode.saveImage(img, response.getOutputStream());
	}

}

第三步：编写jsp代码，进行调用：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    验证码：<input type="text" name="vcode" size="3" />     
    	<img id="vc" src="/goods_victorzhang/servlet/VerifyCodeServlet" border="2" />
    	<a href="javascript:_change()">看不清，换一张</a>
    	<script type="text/javascript">
    		function _change(){
    			var img = document.getElementById("vc");
    			img.src = "/goods_victorzhang/servlet/VerifyCodeServlet?a=" + new Date().getTime();
    		}
    	</script>
    	<br>
    	<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    	
  </body>
</html>

至此，验证码的制作过程完成。