前面我介绍了listview控件的不同用法,但是这些用法在实际的开发项目中是不足以满足需求的,因为前面的几种用法只能简单的显示文本信息,而且布局都比较单一,很难做出复杂的结果,在实际的开发项目中,90%以上都是需要自己自定义listview的,这一篇,我们将介绍如何使用自定义布局的listview
先看效果图
好了,其实这种自定义布局的实现,是通过自定义adapter来实现的,首先我们简单介绍下adapter
每个listview要想实现数据的显示,都必须绑定一个adapter,adapter主要实现将数据和listview中的每一个item进行绑定,这样就可以灵活的设计自己的布局了,我们看一下这次的项目目录
现在开始看代码
主界面的布局文件
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<ListView
android:id="@+id/listview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>
item_listview.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img"
android:layout_width="80dp"
android:layout_height="80dp"
android:padding="10dp"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="3dp"
android:layout_marginTop="3dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="标题"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginBottom="3dp"
android:layout_marginTop="3dp"
android:text="简介"
android:textSize="16sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
实体类thing.java
package com.example.diylistview;
public class Thing {
private String title;
private String Introduce;
private int picture;
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getIntroduce() {
return Introduce;
}
public void setIntroduce(String introduce) {
Introduce = introduce;
}
public int getPicture() {
return picture;
}
public void setPicture(int picture) {
this.picture = picture;
}
/**
*
*/
public Thing() {
super();
}
/**
* @param title
* @param introduce
* @param picture
*/
public Thing(String title, String introduce, int picture) {
super();
this.title = title;
Introduce = introduce;
this.picture = picture;
}
}
MyAdapter.java
package com.example.diylistview;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private Context context;
private List<Thing> lists;
private LayoutInflater layoutInflater;
ImageView img;
TextView tv1;
TextView tv2;
/**
* 构造函数,进行初始化
*
* @param context
* @param lists
*/
MyAdapter(Context context, List<Thing> lists) {
this.context = context;
this.lists = lists;
layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this.context);
}
// 获得长度,一般返回数据的长度即可
@Override
public int getCount() {
return lists.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return lists.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
/**
* 最重要的方法,每一个item生成的时候,都会执行这个方法,在这个方法中实现数据与item中每个控件的绑定
*/
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
// convertView对象就是item的界面对象,只有为空的时候我们才需要重新赋值一次,这样可以提高效率,如果有这个对象的话,系统会自动复用
//item_listview就是自定义的item的布局文件
if (convertView == null) {
convertView = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_listview, null);
}
//注意findViewById的时候,要使用convertView的这个方法,因为是在它里面进行控件的寻找
img = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.img);
tv1 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv1);
tv2 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv2);
//将数据与控件进行绑定
img.setBackgroundResource(lists.get(position).getPicture());
tv1.setText(lists.get(position).getTitle());
tv2.setText(lists.get(position).getIntroduce());
return convertView;
}
}
MainActivity.java
package com.example.diylistview;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener {
private ListView listview;
private List<Thing> lists;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
listview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
//初始化数据
lists = getLists();
//设置适配器
listview.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this, lists));
//设置监听
listview.setOnItemClickListener(this);
}
//返回数据
private List<Thing> getLists() {
List<Thing> lists = new ArrayList<Thing>();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
Thing thing = new Thing();
thing.setPicture(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
thing.setTitle("我是标题" + i);
thing.setIntroduce("我是简介" + i);
lists.add(thing);
}
return lists;
}
//item的点击监听时间
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> view, View arg1, int position,
long arg3) {
Toast.makeText(this, ((Thing)view.getItemAtPosition(position)).getTitle(), 0).show();
}
}
好了,自定义的listview的使用就到这里了,如果有疑问,请留言