下述代码实现了一个垂直滑动的效果,包含左侧的文字滑块和右侧的背景图片滑块。用户可以通过点击上下按钮来切换滑块。以下是对代码的详细分析解释:
HTML结构
- 基本结构:
<!DOCTYPE html>
声明文档类型为 HTML5。<html lang="en">
指定文档语言为英语。<head>
部分包含元信息、样式和标题。<body>
部分是页面的主要内容。
- 主要元素:
<div class="slider-container">
:滑块容器,包含左侧和右侧滑块以及动作按钮。<div class="left-slide">
:左侧滑块,包含多个<div>
,每个<div>
内有标题和段落。<div class="right-slide">
:右侧滑块,包含多个<div>
,每个<div>
设定了背景图片(当前为空 URL)。<div class="action-buttons">
:包含上下两个按钮,用于切换滑块。
CSS样式
- 全局样式:
* { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
:设置所有元素的盒模型、外边距和内边距。body { font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; height: 100vh; }
:设置字体和页面高度。
- 滑块容器:
.slider-container { position: relative; overflow: hidden; width: 100vw; height: 100vh; }
:相对定位,隐藏溢出内容,设置宽度和高度。
- 左侧滑块:
.left-slide { height: 100%; width: 35%; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out; }
:绝对定位,设置宽度、高度和过渡效果。.left-slide > div { height: 100%; width: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; color: #fff; }
:每个子<div>
的布局和样式。
- 右侧滑块:
.right-slide { height: 100%; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 35%; width: 65%; transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out; }
:绝对定位,设置宽度、高度和过渡效果。.right-slide > div { background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-position: center center; height: 100%; width: 100%; }
:每个子<div>
的背景图片样式。
- 按钮样式:
button { background-color: #fff; border: none; color: #aaa; cursor: pointer; font-size: 16px; padding: 15px; }
:基础按钮样式。.slider-container .action-buttons button { position: absolute; left: 35%; top: 50%; z-index: 100; }
:按钮的绝对定位。.down-button
和.up-button
:分别设置上下按钮的样式和位置。
JavaScript功能
- 获取元素:
const sliderContainer = document.querySelector('.slider-container')
const slideRight = document.querySelector('.right-slide')
const slideLeft = document.querySelector('.left-slide')
const upButton = document.querySelector('.up-button')
const downButton = document.querySelector('.down-button')
const slidesLength = slideRight.querySelectorAll('div').length
- 初始化状态:
let activeSlideIndex = 0
:当前活动的滑块索引。slideLeft.style.top =
-${(slidesLength - 1) * 100}vh``:初始化左侧滑块的位置。
- 按钮事件监听:
upButton.addEventListener('click', () => changeSlide('up'))
downButton.addEventListener('click', () => changeSlide('down'))
- 切换滑块函数:
const changeSlide = (direction) => { ... }
:根据方向参数切换滑块。- 通过修改
activeSlideIndex
来更新当前活动的滑块。 - 使用
translateY
设置滑块的位置,实现平滑过渡。
总结
该代码实现了一个垂直的滑块效果,用户可以通过点击上下按钮来切换滑块。左侧滑块显示标题和描述,右侧滑块显示背景图片。CSS 用于布局和样式,JavaScript 用于处理用户交互和滑块动画。需要注意的是,右侧滑块的背景图片 URL 需要实际使用时填充有效
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.1/css/all.min.css" />
<style>
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
height: 100vh;
}
.slider-container {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
}
.left-slide {
height: 100%;
width: 35%;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out;
}
.left-slide > div {
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
color: #fff;
}
.left-slide h1 {
font-size: 40px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
margin-top: -30px;
}
.right-slide {
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 35%;
width: 65%;
transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out;
}
.right-slide > div {
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: cover;
background-position: center center;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
}
button {
background-color: #fff;
border: none;
color: #aaa;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
padding: 15px;
}
button:hover {
color: #222;
}
button:focus {
outline: none;
}
.slider-container .action-buttons button {
position: absolute;
left: 35%;
top: 50%;
z-index: 100;
}
.slider-container .action-buttons .down-button {
transform: translateX(-100%);
border-top-left-radius: 5px;
border-bottom-left-radius: 5px;
}
.slider-container .action-buttons .up-button {
transform: translateY(-100%);
border-top-right-radius: 5px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 5px;
}
</style>
<title>Vertical Slider</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="slider-container">
<div class="left-slide">
<div style="background-color: #FD3555">
<h1>Nature flower</h1>
<p>all in pink</p>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #2A86BA">
<h1>Bluuue Sky</h1>
<p>with it's mountains</p>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #252E33">
<h1>Lonely castle</h1>
<p>in the wilderness</p>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFB866">
<h1>Flying eagle</h1>
<p>in the sunset</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="right-slide">
<div style="background-image: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1508768787810-6adc1f613514?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&s=e27f6661df21ed17ab5355b28af8df4e&auto=format&fit=crop&w=1350&q=80')"></div>
<div style="background-image: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1519981593452-666cf05569a9?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&s=90ed8055f06493290dad8da9584a13f7&auto=format&fit=crop&w=715&q=80')"></div>
<div style="background-image: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1486899430790-61dbf6f6d98b?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&s=8ecdee5d1b3ed78ff16053b0227874a2&auto=format&fit=crop&w=1002&q=80')"></div>
<div style="background-image: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1510942201312-84e7962f6dbb?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&s=da4ca7a78004349f1b63f257e50e4360&auto=format&fit=crop&w=1050&q=80')"></div>
</div>
<div class="action-buttons">
<button class="down-button">
<i class="fas fa-arrow-down"></i>
</button>
<button class="up-button">
<i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i>
</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const sliderContainer = document.querySelector('.slider-container')
const slideRight = document.querySelector('.right-slide')
const slideLeft = document.querySelector('.left-slide')
const upButton = document.querySelector('.up-button')
const downButton = document.querySelector('.down-button')
const slidesLength = slideRight.querySelectorAll('div').length
let activeSlideIndex = 0
slideLeft.style.top = `-${(slidesLength - 1) * 100}vh`
upButton.addEventListener('click', () => changeSlide('up'))
downButton.addEventListener('click', () => changeSlide('down'))
const changeSlide = (direction) => {
const sliderHeight = sliderContainer.clientHeight
if (direction === 'up') {
activeSlideIndex++
if (activeSlideIndex > slidesLength - 1) {
activeSlideIndex = 0
}
} else if (direction === 'down') {
activeSlideIndex--
if (activeSlideIndex < 0) {
activeSlideIndex = slidesLength - 1
}
}
slideRight.style.transform = `translateY(-${activeSlideIndex * sliderHeight}px)`
slideLeft.style.transform = `translateY(${activeSlideIndex * sliderHeight}px)`
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
的图片 URL。