Javaweb使用Session实现用户登录与注销功能

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-10 17:06:12 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-10 17:06:12 发布

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文章标签： java 前端服务器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2202_75384458/article/details/133887767

版权

一、Session介绍

1.什么是session

在WEB开发中，服务器可以为每个用户浏览器创建一个会话对象（session对象），注意：一个浏览器独占一个session对象(默认情况下)。因此，在需要保存用户数据时，服务器程序可以把用户数据写到用户浏览器独占的session中，当用户使用浏览器访问其它程序时，其它程序可以从用户的session中取出该用户的数据为用户服务。

2.session的作用

Session用于保存每个用户的专用信息，每个客户端用户访问时，服务器都为每个用户分配一个唯一的会话ID（Session ID) . 她的生存期是用户持续请求时间再加上一段时间(一般是20分钟左右)。

3.注销功能实现原理

因为在登录的时候，前端浏览器会传回Session对象，所以只要通过invalidate()：在销毁session对象同时销毁Session对象中存入的用户信息，下一次客户如果操作，后台获取到的session对象没有携带客户的登录信息，则客户无法登录，注销成功

二、实现注册与登录功能

1.创建所需文件夹

再自己项目的src目录下分别创建controller、dao、domain、service、utils、validate文件，分别用来实现不同的工作

在WEB-INF文件下创建一个pages文件，里面实现前台效果

在web目录下创建以下jsp文件，实现前台效果

2.注册与登录功能代码实现

因为之前作者发布过注册与登录的实现这里就不再过多教程，请各位读者朋友跳转这篇文章进行查阅

Javaweb实现简易注册与登录功能（与数据库连接）_এ揽风挽你ꦿ໊ོ༊130的博客-CSDN博客

三、注销功能代码实现

pages\index.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
主页：<span style="color: red"> <%=session.getAttribute("username")%>登录成功!
    <%
        if (session.getAttribute("username")!=null){

        %>
    <a href="UserController?userAction=loginout" id="loginout">注销</a>
    <%
        }else {
        %>
    <a href="login2.jsp" id="login">登录</a>
    <a href="register.jsp" id="login">注册</a>
    <%
        }
%>
    <br/>
    <a href="UserController?userAction=showAllUser">显示用户信息</a>
</body>
</html>

web\index.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  <%request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp").forward(request,response);%>
  </body>
</html>

login2.jsp页面

<%@ page import="java.util.HashMap" %><%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: jinyj
  Date: 2023/9/27
  Time: 10:39
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<%
    HashMap<String, String> error = ((HashMap<String, String>)request. getAttribute("error"));
    String fail = (String) request.getParameter("fail");

    String username = "";
    String password = "";
    Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
    if (cookies!=null && cookies.length>0){
        for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
            String name = cookie.getName();
            if ("username".equals(name)){
                username = cookie.getValue();
            }
            if ("password".equals(name)){
                password = cookie.getValue();
            }
        }
    }
%>

<form action="UserController" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" value="login" name="userAction">
    <table border="1" align="center" >
        <tr align="center"><th colspan="2">登录</th></tr>
        <tr><td>账号：<input type="text" name="username" value="<%=username%>"><%=fail==null?"":fail%><span style="color:red"> <%=error==null?"":error.get("username")==null?"":error.get("username")%></span></td></tr>
        <tr><td>密码：<input type="text" name="password" value="<%=password%>"><span style="color:red"> <%=error==null?"":error.get("password")==null?"":error.get("password")%></span></td></tr>
        <tr><td><input type="checkbox" name="autoLogin" value="1">一周内自动登录</td></tr>
        <tr align="center"><td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="登录"><input type="reset" value="重置"></td></tr>

    </table>


</form>

</body>
</html>

loginfail.jsp页面修改

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    请先登录再查询，<span style="color: red" id="span1">3</span>秒后将跳转至登录界面，如果没有跳转请点击<a href="login2.jsp">登录</a>
    <script LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
        function fun() {
            var span1 = document.getElementById("span1");
            var i = span1.innerHTML;
            if (i>0){
                i=i-1;
                span1.innerHTML = i;

            }
        }
        window.setInterval("fun()",1000);
    </script>
    <%
    response.setHeader("refresh","3;url=login2.jsp");
    %>
</body>
</html>

regisler.jsp页面

<%@ page import="java.util.HashMap" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.Map" %>
<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: jinyj
  Date: 2023/9/21
  Time: 11:47
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<%--
String registerfail = request.getParameter("registerfail");
--%>

<%
    HashMap<String, String> error = ((HashMap<String, String>)request. getAttribute("error"));
    String registerfail = request.getParameter("registerfail");
%>
<%=registerfail==null?"":registerfail%>
<form name="form1" method="post" action="UserController" onsubmit="return fun1()">
    <input type="hidden" value="register" name="userAction">
    <table width="30%" heighe="300px"border="1" id="table1">
        <tr align="center"><td colspan="2">注册</td></tr>
        <tr><td>用户名</td><td><input type="text" id="username" name="username"/><span style="color:red"> <%=error==null?"":error.get("username")==null?"":error.get("username")%></span></td></tr>
        <tr><td>密码</td><td><input type="password" id="password" name="password" /><span style="color:red"> <%=error==null?"":error.get("password")==null?"":error.get("password")%></span></td></tr>
        <tr><td>年龄</td><td><input type="text" id="age" name="age" /></td></tr>
        <tr><td>性别</td>
            <td>
                <input type="radio" value="female" name="gender">女
                <input type="radio" value="male" name="gender">男
            </td></tr>
        <tr>
            <td>爱好</td>
            <td>
                <input type="checkbox"value="篮球" name="hobbies" >篮球
                <input type="checkbox"value="足球" name="hobbies" >足球
                <input type="checkbox"value="羽毛球" name="hobbies" >羽毛球
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr><td>备注</td>
            <td>
                <input id="comments" name="remark" rows="4" cols="50">
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2" align="center">
                <input type="submit" value="提交" id="sub">
                <input type="reset" value="重置">
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var i = 1;
    function fun1() {
        var sub = document.getElementById("sub");
        if (i>1){
            sub.disabled = "disabled";
            alert("请不要重复提交")
            return false;
        }
        i++;
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

loginoutsuccess.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    注销成功，<span style="color: red" id="span1">3</span>秒后将跳转至登录界面，如果没有跳转请点击<a href="login2.jsp">登录</a>
    <script LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
        function fun() {
            var span1 = document.getElementById("span1");
            var i = span1.innerHTML;
            if (i>0){
                i=i-1;
                span1.innerHTML = i;

            }
        }
        window.setInterval("fun()",1000);
    </script>
    <%
    response.setHeader("refresh","3;url=login2.jsp");
    %>
</body>
</html>

showalluser.jsp页面

<%@ page import="java.util.List" %>
<%@ page import="com.xinhua.domain.User" %><%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: jinyj
  Date: 2023/10/7
  Time: 11:50
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
用户信息：<br/>
<%=request.getAttribute("infor")==null?"":request.getAttribute("infor")%>
<table border="1" align="center" width="80%">
    <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>姓名</th>
        <th>密码</th>
        <th>年龄</th>
        <th>爱好</th>
        <th>备注</th>
        <th>性别</th>
        <th>操作</th>
    </tr>
    <%
       List<User> users = (List<User>) request.getAttribute("users");
        for (User user : users) {
    %>
    <tr>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getId()%></td>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getUsername()%></td>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getPassword()%></td>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getAge()%></td>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getHobbies()%></td>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getRemark()%></td>
        <td align="center"><%=user.getGender()%></td>
        <td align="center"><a href="UserController?userAction=showUserBack&id=<%=user.getId()%>">修改</a> <a href="UserController?userAction=deleteUser&id=<%=user.getId()%>">删除</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <%
        }
    %>

</table>
</body>
</html>

controller文件下创建ServletDome1.java文件判断是否登录

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/ServletDome1")
public class ServletDome1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //判断是否登录
        String username = (String)req.getSession().getAttribute("username");
        if (username!=null){
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        }else {
            resp.sendRedirect("/web002/login2.jsp");
        }
    }
}

UserController.java文件中添加注销功能以及部分改动

import com.xinhua.domain.User;
import com.xinhua.service.UserService;
import com.xinhua.utils.ArrayToString;
import com.xinhua.validate.ValidateDome;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@WebServlet("/UserController")
public class UserController extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String userAction = req.getParameter("userAction");
        String logout = req.getParameter("logout");
        //处理中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        /**
         * 注销
         */
        if ("loginout".equals(userAction)){
            HttpSession session = req.getSession();
            session.removeAttribute("username");
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/loginoutsuccess.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        }

        /**
         * 查询用户信息
         */
        if ("showAllUser".equals(userAction)){
            String username = (String)req.getSession().getAttribute("username");
            if (username!=null){
                List<User> users = new UserService().showAllUser();
                if (users.isEmpty()){
                    req.setAttribute("infor","未查询到用户相关信息");
                    req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/showalluser.jsp").forward(req,resp);

                }else {
                    req.setAttribute("users",users);
                    req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/showalluser.jsp").forward(req,resp);

                }
            }else {
                resp.sendRedirect("/web002/loinfail.jsp");
            }

        }


        /**
         * 登录
         */
        if ("login".equals(userAction)){
            User user = new User();
                try {
                    BeanUtils.populate(user,req.getParameterMap());
                    Map<String,String> error = ValidateDome.validateUser(user);
                    if (error.isEmpty()){
                        UserService userService = new UserService();
                        boolean flag = userService.login(user.getUsername(),user.getPassword());
                        if (flag){
                            //判断是否需要记录用户名和密码
                            String[] autoLogins = req.getParameterValues("autoLogin");
                            if (autoLogins!=null && autoLogins.length>0){
                                //登录成功后记录cookie
                                Cookie usercookie = new Cookie("username", user.getUsername());
                                Cookie psdcookie = new Cookie("password", user.getPassword());
                                usercookie.setMaxAge(60);
                                psdcookie.setMaxAge(60);
                                usercookie.setPath("FirstWeb");
                                psdcookie.setPath("FirstWeb");
                                resp.addCookie(usercookie);
                                resp.addCookie(psdcookie);
                                //设置一个登录成功标注
                                //这个标志设置在session中比较合适
                                req.getSession().setAttribute("username",user.getUsername());
                                //resp.sendRedirect("index01.jsp?username="+ URLEncoder. encode(user.getUsername(),"utf-8"));
                                req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp").forward(req,resp);

                            }else {
                                req.getSession().setAttribute("username",user.getUsername());
                                req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp").forward(req,resp);
                            }

                        }else {
                            req.setAttribute("fail","登录失败");
                            req.getRequestDispatcher("login2.jsp").forward(req,resp);
                        }
                    }else {
                        req. setAttribute( "error", error);
                        req.getRequestDispatcher( "login2.jsp").forward(req,resp);
                    }
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

        }
        /**
         * 注册
         */
        if ("register".equals(userAction)){
            User user = new User();
            try {
                BeanUtils.populate(user,req.getParameterMap());
                user.setHobbies(ArrayToString.arrayToString(req.getParameterValues("hobbies")));
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            Map<String,String> error = new HashMap<>();
            if (error.isEmpty()){

                //调用service
                UserService userService = new UserService();
                int state = userService.register(user);
                if (state==0){
                    resp.sendRedirect("registerfail.jsp");
                }
                if (state==1){
                    resp.sendRedirect("refresh.jsp");
                }
                if (state==2){
                    resp.sendRedirect("register.jsp?registerfail="+ URLEncoder. encode( "该用户已经存在!", "utf-8"));
                }
            }else {
                req. setAttribute( "error", error);
                req.getRequestDispatcher( "/register.jsp").forward(req, resp);
            }
        }

    }
}

四、发布运行结果截图

最后谢谢大家借鉴阅读

এ揽风挽你ꦿ໊ོ༊130

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Javaweb使用Session实现用户登录与注销功能

在WEB开发中，服务器可以为每个用户浏览器创建一个会话对象（session对象），注意：一个浏览器独占一个session对象(默认情况下)。因此，在需要保存用户数据时，服务器程序可以把用户数据写到用户浏览器独占的session中，当用户使用浏览器访问其它程序时，其它程序可以从用户的session中取出该用户的数据为用户服务。
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