1.Book和BookList类的实现
先创建一个book包，里面包含，Book和BookList（书架）类。
Book 类里面有属性 书名，作者，价格，类型，是否被借出。
BookList 类里面有 Book类型的数组，用来存放各种书籍。还有总共有几本书用 countlist表示。
代码：
package book;
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean isborrow;
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public boolean isIsborrow() {
return isborrow;
}
public void setIsborrow(boolean isborrow) {
this.isborrow = isborrow;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
( (isborrow == true) ? "，已借出" : "，未借出" )+
'}';
}
}//重写toString 方便后续打印。package book;
public class BookList {
private Book[] books;
private int usedSize;
public BookList(){
this.books = new Book[10];
this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",10,"小说");
this.books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",9,"小说");
this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","罗曹雪芹",15,"小说");
this.usedSize = 3;
}
public Book getBooks(int pos) {
return books[pos];
}//获取图书的getBooks成员方法.
public void setBooks(Book books , int pos) {
this.books[pos] = books;
}//存放或修改图书的setBooks方法。
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
}2.创建登入界面
登入界面分为 管理员界面和普通用户界面，分别用AdminUser和Normal表示，都放到user包里面。
还有一个抽象类User，为了方便使用管理员和普通用户的共同属性，在主方法里面存有进行选择是管理员身份还是普通用户的方法。
如代码：
package user;
public abstract class User{
public String name;
public int usedSize;
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
}import java.util.Scanner;
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name){
super(name);
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("********管理用户菜单********");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.新增图书");
System.out.println("3.删除图书");
System.out.println("4.显示图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("***************************");
System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}//打印我们的管理员菜单。public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name){
super(name);
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("********普通用户菜单********");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
System.out.println("3.归还图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("***************************");
System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static User login(){
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("********1.管理员 2.普通用户*********");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if(choice == 1){
return new AdminUser(name);//返回了管理员的引用
}
else{
return new NormalUser(name);//返回了普通用户的调用
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
User user = login();//调用login()方法。
while (true) {
int choice = user.menu();
}
}
}3.建立各种功能的基本框架
功能分别有：
1. 新增书籍 AddOperation
2. 删除书籍 DelOperation
3. 显示书籍 ShowOperation
4. 借阅书籍 BorrowOperation
5. 归还书籍 ReturnOperation
6. 退出系统 Exit
这些功能我们都放在 operation 包里面，同时我们需要创一个接口，目的为了类型统一，用接口的类型定义一个数组，来存放各种类型的引用。
并且定义抽象的 work 方法，也是为了统一，当对象引用该方法时，会发生多态，这样可以使代码更简单。
如代码：
public interface IOpreation {
public void work(BookList bookList);
}public class AddOperation implements IOpreation {
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("新增书籍");
}
}public class FindOperation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("查询书籍");
}
}public class DelOperation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("删除书籍");
}
}public class BorrowOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("借阅书籍");
}
}public class ReturnOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("归还书籍");
}
}public class ShowOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("显示书籍");
}
}public class ExitOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("退出系统");
}
}4.构建一个数组，来存放各项功能，进而调用。
我们菜单已经做好了，我们在调用各类方法的时候肯定是从菜单中调用的，所以我们定义数组的时候肯定在User里面定义。
然后子类再进行初始化。
如代码：
public abstract class User{
public String name;
public IOpreation [] iOpreations;
public int usedSize;
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
public void doOpration(int choice,BookList bookList){
this.iOpreations[choice].work(bookList);
}//调用数组内部的引用方法。
}
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name){
super(name);
this.iOpreations = new IOpreation[]{
new ExitOpreation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new ShowOpreation()
};
}
}public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name){
super(name);
this.iOpreations = new IOpreation[]{
new ExitOpreation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOpreation(),
new ReturnOpreation()
};
}
}public class Main {
public static User login(){
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("********1.管理员 2.普通用户*********");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if(choice == 1){
return new AdminUser(name);
}
else{
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
User user = login();
while (true) {
int choice = user.menu();
user.doOpration(choice,bookList);//选择要调用的方法。
}
}
}5.各项功能的具体实现
1.新增图书
首先我们需要输入，相应的属性，并在创建一个对象，用来存放。
其次遍历一遍原本的数组，看有没有重的，如果有直接返回。
最后我们需要调用 BookList 中的 bookList.setBooks() 方法 存放该书籍，书的个数相应加一。
如代码：
public class AddOperation implements IOpreation {
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("新增书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的书名：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的作者：");
String author = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的价格：");
int price = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的类型：");
String str = sc.nextLine();//载入上一个回车。
String type = sc.nextLine();
Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(; i < countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("该书已存在");
return;
}
}
bookList.setBooks(book,countSize);
bookList.setUsedSize(countSize+1);
System.out.println("新增成功");
}
}
2.删除图书
首先需要遍历一遍数组，找出所要删除的图书的下标，记录下表，对数组改下标后面的元素，向前挪一位。
然后对最后那个位置赋值为空。
最后书的总数减一。
如代码：
public class DelOperation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("删除书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要删除书籍名称：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for( ; i <= countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
break;
}
}
if(i >= countSize) {
System.out.println("没有你要删除的图书!");
return;
}
for (int j = i; j < countSize-1; j++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(j+1);
bookList.setBooks(book,j);
}
bookList.setBooks(null,countSize-1);
bookList.setUsedSize(countSize-1);
System.out.println("删除成功！");
}
}以上介绍了两个功能，剩下的功能都比较简单，大家可以试着写一下。
6.总代码
项目名称及其各类名称：
Book类：
package book;
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean isborrow;
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public boolean isIsborrow() {
return isborrow;
}
public void setIsborrow(boolean isborrow) {
this.isborrow = isborrow;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
( (isborrow == true) ? "，已借出" : "，未借出" )+
'}';
}
}BookList类：
package book;
public class BookList {
private Book[] books;
private int usedSize;
public BookList(){
this.books = new Book[10];
this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",10,"小说");
this.books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",9,"小说");
this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","罗曹雪芹",15,"小说");
this.usedSize = 3;
}
public Book getBooks(int pos) {
return books[pos];
}
public void setBooks(Book books , int pos) {
this.books[pos] = books;
}
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
}AddOperation类：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AddOperation implements IOpreation {
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("新增书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的书名：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的作者：");
String author = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的价格：");
int price = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入新增书籍的类型：");
String str = sc.nextLine();
String type = sc.nextLine();
Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(; i < countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("该书已存在");
return;
}
}
bookList.setBooks(book,countSize);
bookList.setUsedSize(countSize+1);
System.out.println("新增成功");
}
}
BorrowOperation类：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BorrowOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("借阅书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的书籍：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(; i < countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
break;
}
}
Book tmp = bookList.getBooks(i);
tmp.setIsborrow(true);
bookList.setBooks(tmp,i);
System.out.println("借阅成功");
}
}
DelOperation类：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DelOperation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("删除书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要删除书籍名称：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for( ; i <= countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
break;
}
}
if(i >= countSize) {
System.out.println("没有你要删除的图书!");
return;
}
for (int j = i; j < countSize-1; j++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(j+1);
bookList.setBooks(book,j);
}
bookList.setBooks(null,countSize-1);
bookList.setUsedSize(countSize-1);
System.out.println("删除成功！");
}
}
ExitOperation类：
package operation;
import book.BookList;
public class ExitOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("退出系统");
System.exit(0);
}
}
FindOperation类：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FindOperation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("查询书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要查找图书的书名：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(; i < countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println(bookList.getBooks(i));
break;
}
}
if(i >= countSize){
System.out.println("你所找的书籍不存在");
}
}
}
IOperation接口：
package operation;
import book.BookList;
public interface IOpreation {
public void work(BookList bookList);
}
ReturnOperation类：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ReturnOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("归还书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要归还的书籍：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(; i <= countSize; i++){
if(bookList.getBooks(i).getName().equals(name)){
break;
}
}
Book tmp = bookList.getBooks(i);
tmp.setIsborrow(false);
bookList.setBooks(tmp,i);
System.out.println("归还成功");
}
}
ShowOperation类：
package operation;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ShowOpreation implements IOpreation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("显示书籍");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int countSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(; i < countSize; i++){
System.out.println(bookList.getBooks(i));
}
}
}
User类：
package user;
import book.BookList;
import operation.*;
public abstract class User{
public String name;
public IOpreation [] iOpreations;
public int usedSize;
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
public void doOpration(int choice,BookList bookList){
this.iOpreations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}
AdminUser类：
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name){
super(name);
this.iOpreations = new IOpreation[]{
new ExitOpreation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new ShowOpreation()
};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("********管理用户菜单********");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.新增图书");
System.out.println("3.删除图书");
System.out.println("4.显示图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("***************************");
System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
NormalUser类：
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name){
super(name);
this.iOpreations = new IOpreation[]{
new ExitOpreation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOpreation(),
new ReturnOpreation()
};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("********普通用户菜单********");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
System.out.println("3.归还图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("***************************");
System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
Main类：
import book.BookList;
import operation.IOpreation;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;
import java.nio.file.attribute.UserPrincipal;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static User login(){
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
String name = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("********1.管理员 2.普通用户*********");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if(choice == 1){
return new AdminUser(name);
}
else{
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
User user = login();
while (true) {
int choice = user.menu();
user.doOpration(choice,bookList);
}
}
}以上就是图书管理系统的实现。
谢谢大家。
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