BootStrap详细教程

前言

BootStrap是别人帮我们写好的CSS样式。如果想要使用BootStrap,需要先下载下来,在页面上引入,编写HTML需要按照其规定来编写,也需要一定的自定制。

一、BootStrap入门

  • 下载地址: https://v3.bootcss.com/,下载BootStrap
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述

  • 解压

  • 创建一个目录叫做static,再在其下创建imgcssjsplugins(插件)目录,分别保存静态文件

  • 将解压文件装在plugins文件夹中
    在这里插入图片描述

  • 编写HTML文件时可以使用BootStrap

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Document</title>

    <!-- 开发版本 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/css/bootstrap.css">

    <!-- 生产版本 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">

</head>
<body>
    <input type="button" value="提交">
    <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn btn-primary">
    <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn btn-success">
    <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn btn-danger">
    <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs">
</body>
</html>

二、导航

  • 地址: https://v3.bootcss.com/components/
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 复制上面的组件代码,即可达到组件效果
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Document</title>

    <!-- 开发版本 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/css/bootstrap.css">

    <!-- 生产版本 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">

</head>

<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
                    data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
            </div>

            <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
                <form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
                    </div>
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
                </form>
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
        </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
    </nav>
</body>

</html>
  • 如果有不需要的样式,可以通过F11调试页面,找到原因。然在head的style里覆盖原样式
<style>
    .navbar {
        border-radius: 0;
    }
</style>

三、栅格系统

  • 地址:https://v3.bootcss.com/css/#grid
  • 功能:整体划分为了12格
  • 大致分为四种风格:.col-xs-.col-sm-.col-md-.col-lg-
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 可以分为两种布局:
  • 响应式布局:根据页面的宽度,动态的改变布局。.col-sm- : 750px;.col-md- : 970px;.col-lg- : 1170px
  • 非响应式布局:不动态的改变布局,.col-xs-
<div class="col-xs-2" style="background-color: brown; height: 20px;"></div>
<div class="col-xs-10" style="background-color: green;height: 20px;"></div>
  • 列偏移:col-sm-offset-
  • 实现右移三个栅格的例子:
<div class="col-sm-offset-3 col-sm-2" style="background-color: brown; height: 20px;"></div>
<div class="col-sm-7" style="background-color: green;height: 20px;"></div>

四、container

  • container:左右外边距
  • clearfix解决浮动问题
<div class="container clearfix">
    <div class="col-sm-9">左边</div>
    <div class="col-sm-3">右边</div>
</div>
  • container-fluid:左右没有外边距
<div class="container-fluid clearfix">
    <div class="col-sm-9">左边</div>
    <div class="col-sm-3">右边</div>
</div>

五、面板

  • 地址: https://v3.bootcss.com/components/#panels
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 可以通过应用实现不同面板
<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
                    data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">我的导航</a>
            </div>

            <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">联通</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">移动</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">电信</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
                <form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
                    </div>
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
                </form>
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">注册</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
        </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
    </nav>
    <div class="container clearfix">
        <div class="col-sm-9">左边</div>
        <div class="col-sm-3">
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <div class="panel-heading">Panel heading without title</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    Panel content
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="panel panel-primary">
                <div class="panel-heading">Panel heading without title</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    Panel content
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="panel panel-warning">
                <div class="panel-heading">Panel heading without title</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    Panel content
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

</body>

在这里插入图片描述

六、媒体对象

  • 由于官方文档给的示例代码不全,所以可以F12查看源码,复制页面中的样式
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
<div class="col-sm-9">
    <div class="media">
        <div class="media-left media-middle">
            <a href="#">
                <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64"
                    style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"
                    src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"
                    data-holder-rendered="true">
            </a>
        </div>
        <div class="media-body">
            <h4 class="media-heading">Middle aligned media</h4>
            <p>Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin
                commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum
                nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.</p>
            <p>Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque
                penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="media">
        <div class="media-left media-middle">
            <a href="#">
                <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64"
                    style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"
                    src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"
                    data-holder-rendered="true">
            </a>
        </div>
        <div class="media-body">
            <h4 class="media-heading">Middle aligned media</h4>
            <p>Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin
                commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum
                nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.</p>
            <p>Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque
                penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="media">
        <div class="media-left media-middle">
            <a href="#">
                <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64"
                    style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"
                    src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"
                    data-holder-rendered="true">
            </a>
        </div>
        <div class="media-body">
            <h4 class="media-heading">Middle aligned media</h4>
            <p>Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin
                commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum
                nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.</p>
            <p>Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque
                penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="media">
        <div class="media-left media-middle">
            <a href="#">
                <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64"
                    style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"
                    src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"
                    data-holder-rendered="true">
            </a>
        </div>
        <div class="media-body">
            <h4 class="media-heading">Middle aligned media</h4>
            <p>Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin
                commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum
                nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.</p>
            <p>Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque
                penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>
        </div>
    </div>

在这里插入图片描述

七、分页

  • 链接:https://v3.bootcss.com/components/#pagination
    在这里插入图片描述
<ul class="pagination">
                <li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">«</span></a></li>
                <li class="active"><a href="#">1 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                <li><a href="#">2</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">3</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">4</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">5</a></li>
                <li><a href="#" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">»</span></a></li>
            </ul>

八、图标

  • 上面的后台管理案例中,BootStrap提供的图标不是太够用,我们需要一个专业做图标的网站Font Awesome。地址: https://fontawesome.dashgame.com/
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 下载好后,上传至服务器的static/plugins下并解压,引入和BootStrap一样
  • 打开网址:https://fontawesome.dashgame.com/
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 放在.html文件里
    在这里插入图片描述

九、实现动态效果

  • 依赖:jQuery,JavaScript
  • jQuery 是 JavaScript 的类库
  • 下载jQuery: https://jquery.com/download/,压缩后放在static/js
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 引入放在body标签中的最下面
<body>
...
	//引入jQuery
    <script src="static/js/jquery-3.6.1.min.js"></script>
    //引入BootScrap
    <script src="static/plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
  • BootStrap中JavaScript地址: https://v3.bootcss.com/javascript/
  • 可以使用里面的插件
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 25
    点赞
  • 27
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值