1 CentOS下磁盘LVM扩容_centos 无法执行pvcreate

拒绝戎余

于 2024-05-15 00:17:13 发布

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网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

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[root@server tomcat-atm]# fdisk -l

在这里插入图片描述
3.创建磁盘分区，使用‘8e’类型来使其可用于LVM

[root@server tomcat-atm]# fdisk /dev/sdb

在这里插入图片描述

4.创建物理卷

root@server tomcat-atm]# pvcreate /dev/sdb

Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created

检查物理卷的创建情况

[root@server tomcat-atm]# pvdisplay

在这里插入图片描述
6. 扩展卷组

[root@server tomcat-atm]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb

Volume group "centos" successfully extended

查看卷组

[root@server tomcat-atm]# vgdisplay

在这里插入图片描述
8. 扩展lvm卷

[root@server tomcat-atm]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/centos-root

Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 35.47 GiB (9080 extents) to 185.50 GiB (47489 extents).

Logical volume root successfully resized.

扩展容量

[root@server tomcat-atm]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root

在这里插入图片描述
10.查看磁盘空间，可以看到扩容成功

扩展Linux系统根分区

技术：逻辑卷管理(LVM)
在这里插入图片描述

具体步骤：

1.查看磁盘空间

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
#查看磁盘空间，根分区的大小是18G，已经用了43%。
Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root   18G  7.0G  9.5G  43% /
tmpfs                         2.0G   76K  2.0G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                     485M   40M  421M   9% /boot
/dev/sr0                      3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /media/cdrom

2.创建磁盘分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00083529

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   \*           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM
#/dev/sdb盘还有足够的空间
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xac7c929b.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1#分区号
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):  #回车用默认的
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): #回车用默认的
Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): t #改变类型
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e #LVM的分区代码
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        2610    20964793+  8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
#将磁盘分区表变化信息通知内核，请求操作系统重新加载分区表，有些小报错不要紧。
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Error: Invalid partition table - recursive partition on /dev/sr0.

在这里插入图片描述

3.创建物理卷

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00083529

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   \*           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        2610    20964793+  8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 \* 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
#由fdisk -l查到LVM卷是/dev/sdb1，所以用/dev/sdb1来创建物理卷。
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

在这里插入图片描述

报错 -bash: pvcreate: command not found

安装yum -y install lvm2即可解决
在这里插入图片描述

4.扩展卷组

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               VolGroup
  PV Size               19.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              4994
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          4994
  PV UUID               qkBdcn-RQaR-ZliO-Ja2S-RhMC-stw8-CO213I

  "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "19.99 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               
  PV Size               19.99 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               H7tDqG-6AZv-yBSA-U0ov-Ni0y-dlPA-kAA83i

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               VolGroup
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               39.50 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              10112
  Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       5118 / 19.99 GiB
  VG UUID               dc0vI9-KzGu-4S59-A1xv-NM4Y-rYBF-3jDNRn

在这里插入图片描述

5.扩展逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l +100%free /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
#free也可以大写FREE
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 37.50 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
#查看分区文件系统类型
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: UUID="972fdddd-ddb8-469f-a342-e075eaeabeb2" TYPE="ext4" 
[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
#e2fsck -f检查分区
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted.
e2fsck: Cannot continue, aborting.

[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
#如果分区是xfs系统，则用xfs_growfs命令对文件系统进行扩展
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 3
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root to 9830400 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is now 9830400 blocks long.

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
#查看磁盘空间，根分区已扩展到37G。
Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on


![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/8d88592191ed6c6b49cf2cf5e3f460e6.png)
![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/725ada1493c493646de7f2da3d3e64f6.png)

**网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**[需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618631832)**

**一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！**

ilesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on


[外链图片转存中...(img-n8cf24GL-1715703410635)]
[外链图片转存中...(img-FZ2YF2Ac-1715703410636)]

**网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**[需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618631832)**

**一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！**