定义一个变量来存放 nginx 版本号
version=1.15.4
nginx 下载地址:http://nginx.org/download/
下列函数功能则是判断当前步骤是否执行成功,并将结果输出出来
function show_result(){
if [ "$1" -eq 0 ]
then
echo -e "\e[32m$2 is Success . [ OK ] \e[0m"
else
echo -e "\e[31m$2 is Fail . [ FAIL ] \e[0m"
fi
}
创建 nginx 用户和用户组(建议用大于 1000 的 GID 和 UID 号,表示普通用户)
这段代码里我做了一个条件判断:
如果在 /etc/passwd 和 /etc/group 文件中过滤出 nginx,表示已经创建了 nginx 用户和 nginx 用户组,就不再创建了
安装一些扩展包
function nginx_pkg(){
local item="Packages Install"
yum -y install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel > /dev/null 2>&1
show_result $? "${item}"
}
下载Nginx并解压缩
function nginx_download(){
local item="Nginx Download"
cd /usr/local/src && \
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${version}.tar.gz > /dev/null 2>&1
test -e /usr/local/src/nginx-${version} || tar zxf nginx-${version}.tar.gz
rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx-${version}.tar.gz
show_result $? "${item}"
}
编译安装 Nginx
这里也做了一个条件判断:
如果 /usr/local/nginx
目录存在,则说明 nginx 已经成功安装好了
function nginx_compile(){
local item="Nginx Compile"
cd /usr/local/src/nginx-${version}
if [ `ls -l /usr/local/ | grep 'nginx' | wc -l` -ge 1 ];
then
echo -e "\e[31mNginx exist! \e[0m"
else
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx > /dev/null 2>&1 && make > /dev/null 2>&1 && make install > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
show_result $? "${item}"
}
建立软连接
function nginx_softlink(){
local item="Nginx Softlink"
test -d /etc/nginx/ || ln -s /usr/local/nginx/conf/ /etc/nginx
test -e /usr/sbin/nginx || ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/
show_result $? "${item}"
}
注册服务
将 nginx 注册成服务之后就可以使用 systemctl 控制它了
function nginx_service(){
local item="Nginx Service"
test -e /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service || \
echo '
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong
# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm-f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp=true
' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl daemon-reload
show_result $? "${item}"
}
内核参数优化
function nginx_kernel(){
local item="Optimize Kernel Arguments"
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.${current_time} > /dev/null 2>&1
arch_ratio=$([[ ! -z $(uname -a | grep x86_64) ]] && expr 64 / 32 || expr 32 / 32)
memory_size=$(free -b| awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
nf_conntrack_size=$(expr ${memory_size} / 16384 / ${arch_ratio})
#开启反向路径过滤
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#处理无源路由包
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
#core文件名中添加pid作为扩展名
add_config_tofile "kernel.core_uses_pid = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#开启syn洪水攻击保护
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#修改消息队列长度
add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmnb = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmax = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf
#修改最大内存共享段大小bytes
add_config_tofile "kernel.shmmax = 68719476736" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "kernel.shmall = 4294967296" /etc/sysctl.conf
#timewait数量默认18000
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.core.rmem_default = 8388608" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.core.wmem_max = 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf
#未收到客户端确认信息连接请求的最大值
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144" /etc/sysctl.conf
#放弃建立连接之前发送的synack包
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2" /etc/sysctl.conf
#开启重用,允许time—wait socket 重新用语新的tcp连接
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#防止简单的ddos攻击
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800" /etc/sysctl.conf
#启用timewait快速收回
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
#keeptime启用时tcp发送keepalive消息的频度,默认2h
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf
#允许系统打开的端口范围
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535" /etc/sysctl.conf
#资源回收
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
#路由转发
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#修改防火墙连接跟踪表大小,默认65535
add_config_tofile "net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf
#解禁ping
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
modprobe bridge
sysctl -p > /dev/null 2>&1
show_result $? "${item}"
}
启动nginx并开机自启
function nginx_start(){
local item="Nginx start"
systemctl enable nginx --now > /dev/null 2>&1
show_result $? "${item}"
}
负责配置的写入函数
在上面的内核参数优化函数里面,我并没有使用 echo 将配置直接重定向到 /etc/sysctl.conf
文件里面
而是用了 add_config_tofile
函数,第一个参数是配置项,第二个参数是文件名
function add_config_tofile(){
local keywords=`echo $1| awk -F "[= ]+" '{print $1}'`
local SearchResult=`grep "^${keywords}" "$2"`
if [ -z "${SearchResult}" ]
then
echo $1 >> $2
else
sed -i "s/^${keywords}.*/$1/" $2
fi
}
main函数
function main(){
user_create
nginx_pkg
nginx_download
nginx_compile
nginx_softlink
nginx_service
nginx_kernel
nginx_start
}
完整代码
执行结果如下:
#! /bin/bash
version=1.15.4
#判断函数是否执行成功
function show_result(){
if [ "$1" -eq 0 ]
then
echo -e "\e[32m$2 is Success . [ OK ] \e[0m"
else
echo -e "\e[31m$2 is Fail . [ FAIL ] \e[0m"
fi
}
#创建 nginx 用户和用户组
function user_create(){
local item="Create User and Group"
if [ `cat /etc/{passwd,group} | grep nginx | wc -l ` -ge 2 ];
then
echo -e "\e[31mUser and Group exist! \e[0m"
else
groupadd -g 1004 nginx && \
useradd -u 1004 -g 1004 -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
show_result $? "${item}"
fi
}
#下载一些拓展包
function nginx_pkg(){
local item="Packages Install"
yum -y install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel > /dev/null 2>&1
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#下载nginx
function nginx_download(){
local item="Nginx Download"
cd /usr/local/src && \
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${version}.tar.gz > /dev/null 2>&1
test -e /usr/local/src/nginx-${version} || tar zxf nginx-${version}.tar.gz
rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx-${version}.tar.gz
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#编译安装
function nginx_compile(){
local item="Nginx Compile"
cd /usr/local/src/nginx-${version}
if [ `ls -l /usr/local/ | grep 'nginx' | wc -l` -ge 1 ];
then
echo -e "\e[31mNginx exist! \e[0m"
else
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx > /dev/null 2>&1 && make > /dev/null 2>&1 && make install > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#软连接建立
function nginx_softlink(){
local item="Nginx Softlink"
test -d /etc/nginx/ || ln -s /usr/local/nginx/conf/ /etc/nginx
test -e /usr/sbin/nginx || ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#注册服务
function nginx_service(){
local item="Nginx Service"
test -e /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service || \
echo '
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong
# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm-f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp=true
' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl daemon-reload
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#内核优化
function nginx_kernel(){
local item="Optimize Kernel Arguments"
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.${current_time} > /dev/null 2>&1
arch_ratio=$([[ ! -z $(uname -a | grep x86_64) ]] && expr 64 / 32 || expr 32 / 32)
memory_size=$(free -b| awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
nf_conntrack_size=$(expr ${memory_size} / 16384 / ${arch_ratio})
#开启反向路径过滤
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#处理无源路由包
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
#core文件名中添加pid作为扩展名
add_config_tofile "kernel.core_uses_pid = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#开启syn洪水攻击保护
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#修改消息队列长度
add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmnb = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmax = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf
#修改最大内存共享段大小bytes
add_config_tofile "kernel.shmmax = 68719476736" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "kernel.shmall = 4294967296" /etc/sysctl.conf
#timewait数量默认18000
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.core.rmem_default = 8388608" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.core.wmem_max = 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf
#未收到客户端确认信息连接请求的最大值
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144" /etc/sysctl.conf
#放弃建立连接之前发送的synack包
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2" /etc/sysctl.conf
#开启重用,允许time—wait socket 重新用语新的tcp连接
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#防止简单的ddos攻击
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800" /etc/sysctl.conf
#启用timewait快速收回
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
#keeptime启用时tcp发送keepalive消息的频度,默认2h
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf
#允许系统打开的端口范围
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535" /etc/sysctl.conf
#资源回收
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
#路由转发
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf
#修改防火墙连接跟踪表大小,默认65535
add_config_tofile "net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf
add_config_tofile "net.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf
#解禁ping
add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf
modprobe bridge
sysctl -p > /dev/null 2>&1
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#启动 nginx
function nginx_start(){
local item="Nginx start"
systemctl enable nginx --now > /dev/null 2>&1
show_result $? "${item}"
}
#负责写入配置的函数
function add_config_tofile(){
local keywords=`echo $1| awk -F "[= ]+" '{print $1}'`
local SearchResult=`grep "^${keywords}" "$2"`
if [ -z "${SearchResult}" ]
then
echo $1 >> $2
else
sed -i "s/^${keywords}.*/$1/" $2
fi
}
#主函数
function main(){
user_create
nginx_pkg
nginx_download
nginx_compile
nginx_softlink
nginx_service
nginx_kernel
nginx_start
}
main