5步让你的Android应用集成MQTT功能(MQTT V5版本)
这个文档是让你的Android Studio开发的APP快速的集成MQTT功能，既然是添加MQTT功能，假设你现有的APP代码能够正常的编译，我这里就以一个新的MQTT工程为例，如下是具体的操作
第1步-AndroidManifest.xml添加权限
<!-- ************************MQTT连接必要权限************************-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
<!-- ************************MQTT连接必要权限************************-->
第2步-build.gradle添加MQTT依赖包
/*************************MQTT依赖包*************************/
implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client:1.2.5'
implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.android.service:1.1.1'
/*************************MQTT依赖包*************************/
添加完成后点击Sync Now同步
第3步-添加MQTT Service代码
测试使用emqx的公共MQTT代理服务器，测试下面代码可以不用改，在实际的使用一定要换为自己的稳定的MQTT代理服务器
package com.nicecode.nicecode_mqtt;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.IMqttToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.MqttActionListener;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.MqttAsyncClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.MqttConnectionOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.MqttDisconnectResponse;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.client.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.common.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.common.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.mqttv5.common.packet.MqttProperties;
public class MyMqttService extends Service {
public static final String TAG = "nice-code";
public String HOST = "tcp://broker.emqx.io:1883";//服务器地址（协议+地址+端口号）
public String USERNAME = "";//用户名
public String PASSWORD = "";//密码
public static String PUBLISH_TOPIC = "publish";//发布主题
public static String SUBSCRIVE_TOPIC = "subscribe";//发布主题
@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
public String CLIENTID = "gskdfgsdfg";//客户端ID，一般以客户端唯一标识符表示
public static final String action = "com.nicecode.mymqttservice";//广播消息
private static MqttAsyncClient mqttAndroidClient;
private MqttConnectionOptions mMqttConnectOptions;
public MyMqttService() {
Log.d(TAG,"MyMqttService");
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.d(TAG,"onStartCommand");
init();
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
/**
* 订阅
*/
public static void MQTT_Subscribe(String Subscribe_Topic) {
Boolean retained = false;// 是否在服务器保留断开连接后的最后一条消息
try {
mqttAndroidClient.subscribe(Subscribe_Topic,0);
Log.d(TAG,"订阅主题" + Subscribe_Topic);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 取消订阅
*/
public static void MQTT_UnSubscribe(String UnSubscribe_Topic) {
Boolean retained = false;// 是否在服务器保留断开连接后的最后一条消息
try {
mqttAndroidClient.unsubscribe(UnSubscribe_Topic);
Log.d(TAG,"取消订阅主题" + UnSubscribe_Topic);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 发布消息
*/
public static void MQTT_Publish(String Publish_Topic,Integer qos,String message) {
Boolean retained = false;// 是否在服务器保留断开连接后的最后一条消息
try {
//参数分别为：主题、消息的字节数组、服务质量、是否在服务器保留断开连接后的最后一条消息
mqttAndroidClient.publish(Publish_Topic, message.getBytes(), qos, retained.booleanValue());
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private void init() {
Log.d(TAG,"mqtt service init fun");
String serverURI = HOST; //服务器地址（协议+地址+端口号）
try {
mqttAndroidClient = new MqttAsyncClient(serverURI, CLIENTID, new MemoryPersistence());
} catch (MqttException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
mqttAndroidClient.setCallback(mqttCallback);
mMqttConnectOptions = new MqttConnectionOptions();
mMqttConnectOptions.setCleanStart(true); //设置是否清除缓存
mMqttConnectOptions.setConnectionTimeout(10); //设置超时时间，单位：秒
mMqttConnectOptions.setKeepAliveInterval(60); //设置心跳包发送间隔，单位：秒
mMqttConnectOptions.setUserName(USERNAME); //设置用户名
mMqttConnectOptions.setPassword(PASSWORD.getBytes()); //设置密码
// last will message
boolean doConnect = true;
String message = "last will message";
String topic = PUBLISH_TOPIC;
MqttMessage MqttMessage = new MqttMessage(message.getBytes());
if ((!message.equals("")) || (!topic.equals(""))) {
// 最后的遗嘱
try {
mMqttConnectOptions.setWill(topic, MqttMessage);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.i(TAG, "Exception Occured", e);
doConnect = false;
iMqttActionListener.onFailure(null, e);
}
}
if (doConnect) {
doClientConnection();
}
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private MqttCallback mqttCallback = new MqttCallback() {
@Override
public void disconnected(MqttDisconnectResponse disconnectResponse) {
}
@Override
public void mqttErrorOccurred(MqttException exception) {
}
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
Log.i(TAG, "收到消息： " + new String(message.getPayload()));
Intent intent = new Intent(action);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("MQTT_RevMsg", new String(message.getPayload()));
intent.putExtras(bundle);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttToken token) {
}
@Override
public void connectComplete(boolean reconnect, String serverURI) {
}
@Override
public void authPacketArrived(int reasonCode, MqttProperties properties) {
}
};
/**
* MQTT是否连接成功的监听
*/
private MqttActionListener iMqttActionListener = new MqttActionListener() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(IMqttToken arg0) {
Log.i(TAG, "连接成功 ");
try {
mqttAndroidClient.subscribe(SUBSCRIVE_TOPIC, 2);//订阅主题，参数：主题、服务质量
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(IMqttToken arg0, Throwable arg1) {
arg1.printStackTrace();
Log.i(TAG, "连接失败 ");
doClientConnection();//连接失败，重连（可关闭服务器进行模拟）
}
};
/**
* 连接MQTT服务器
*/
private void doClientConnection() {
if (!mqttAndroidClient.isConnected() && isConnectIsNomarl()) {
try {
mqttAndroidClient.connect(mMqttConnectOptions, null, iMqttActionListener);
Log.d(TAG,"Connected to MQTT server.");
} catch (MqttException me) {
Log.d(TAG,"Connection failed: ");
}
}
}
/**
* 判断网络是否连接
*/
private boolean isConnectIsNomarl() {
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo info = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (info != null && info.isAvailable()) {
String name = info.getTypeName();
Log.i(TAG, "当前网络名称：" + name);
return true;
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "没有可用网络");
/*没有可用网络的时候，延迟3秒再尝试重连*/
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
doClientConnection();
}
}, 3000);
return false;
}
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
try {
mqttAndroidClient.disconnect(); //断开连接
Log.d(TAG,"断开 mqtt connect");
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onDestroy();
}
}
直接新建Java Class类，拷贝上面的代码
AndroidManifest.xml中添加服务Service
<!-- *************************MQTT service************************* -->
<service android:name="org.eclipse.paho.android.service.MqttService" />
<service android:name=".MyMqttService" />
<!-- *************************MQTT service************************* -->
第4步-注册广播接收
package com.nicecode.nicecode_mqtt;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static String action = "com.nicecode.mymqttservice";
private String TAG = "nice-code";
private Intent mIntent;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
/*************************开启服务*************************/
mIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyMqttService.class);
startService(mIntent);
/*************************开启服务*************************/
/*************************通过广播接收的方式从MqttService中接收数据*************************/
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(MainActivity.action);
getApplicationContext().registerReceiver(MainActivity_broadcastReceiver, filter);
Log.d(TAG,"MainActivity start");
/*************************通过广播接收的方式从MqttService中接收数据*************************/
}
/**
* 广播消息接收器
*/
public BroadcastReceiver MainActivity_broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent msgintent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String ReceiverStr = msgintent.getExtras().getString("MQTT_RevMsg");
if(ReceiverStr==null) {
return;
}
Log.e(TAG, "MQTT接收消息："+ReceiverStr);
}
};
}
第5步-测试接收订阅消息
只需要配置Broker Address和Broker Port,Client ID可以任意，点击Generate生成也可以
发布的主题与在app中订阅的主题一致即可
Logcat接收到mqtt.fx客户端发来的数据
5步让你的Android应用集成MQTT功能
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