nginx_process 683 execstart= usr local nginx sbin nginx

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正文

[root@server1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210108002153539.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021010800245321.png)


#### **cookies**



[root@server1 system]# yum install unzip
[root@server1 ~]# unzip nginx-goodies-nginx-sticky-module-ng-08a395c66e42.zip
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl stop nginx.service
[root@server1 ~]# cd nginx-1.18.0/
[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-file-aio --add-module=/root/nginx-goodies-nginx-sticky-module-ng-08a395c66e42
make
make install
[root@server1 objs]# cp nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx



[root@server1 objs]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@server1 objs]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
[root@server1 objs]# nginx -s reload


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210108005444803.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


**测试:** 


 ![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/202101080056432.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021010800571959.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210108005408851.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


 


#### 六、nginx 的限流


<https://docs.nginx.com/>



控制单IP并发连接数:
http {
limit_conn_zone b i n a r y r e m o t e a d d r z o n e = a d d r : 10 m ; / / binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m; // binaryremoteaddrzone=addr:10m;//binary_remote_addr 表示通过remote_addr这个标识来做限制
//zone=addr:10m 表示生成一个大小为10M,名字为addr的内存区域

server {
location /download/ {
limit_conn addr 1; #限制并发数
limit_rate 50k; #限制带宽
}
}


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210108011228755.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)



限制单位时间内的请求数目,以及速度限制:
http {
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
//rate=1r/s表示允许相同标识的客户端的访问频次,这里限制的是每秒1次

server {
location / {
limit_req zone=one;

limit_req zone=one burst=5

limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;

}
}


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210108011354980.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210108011253948.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


#### 七、nginx配置管理



自动索引:下载方便
location / {
autoindex on;
}


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109011754206.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109011839646.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109011920864.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109012617874.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


 Nginx expire缓存配置: 缓存可以降低网站带宽,加速用户访问



location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
expires 365d; ##到期时间
root html;
}


**测试:**


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109013141723.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


#### **八、nginx的日志轮询:**



[root@server1 nginx]# cd logs/
[root@server1 logs]# wc -l access.log
220240 access.log
[root@server1 logs]# du -h access.log
22M access.log
[root@server1 logs]# vim /opt/nginxlog.sh
[root@server1 logs]# chmod +x /opt/nginxlog.sh
[root@server1 logs]# /opt/nginxlog.sh



#!/bin/bash
cd /usr/local/nginx/logs && mv access.log access_$(date +%F -d -1day).log
kill -USR1 cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109013719570.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)



再加入crontab定时任务
[root@server1 logs]# crontab -e
00 00 * * * /opt/scripts/nginxlog.sh &> /dev/null
为了安全,日志目录不需要给你nginx用户访问权限

chmod -R 700 /usr/local/nginx/logs


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109014008138.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109014128189.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


**禁用不必要的日志记录,以节省磁盘IO的消耗**



location /status {
access_log off;
}


**站点目录和文件的限制**



location ~ ^/images/.*.(sh|php)$ {
deny all;
}


 **中文乱码**



charset utf-8;


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109163707161.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109163653991.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70) ![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109163756718.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109163822372.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


 **限制IP**



location / {
deny 172.25.1.2;
allow 127.0.0.1;
deny all;
}

if ($remote_addr = 172.25.1.250) {
return 403;
}


 ![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109164240320.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109164210471.png)


 ![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109162434124.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


**测试:**


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109162006154.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109162337549.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


#### **九、nginx 重定向**


**防止域名恶意解析到服务器IP:**



server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
return 500;
}


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109165805582.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109165733660.png)


**也可以重定向:**



server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#return 500;
rewrite ^(.*) http://www.baidu.com permanent;
}
##当访问本页面时自动跳转到百度##


**测试:** 


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109170119520.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


**加密网站或重定向加密网站,提高网站安全.**



server {
listen 80;
server_name www.westos.org;
rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.westos.org/$1 permanent;
}


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109172627674.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


生成安全证书过程: 



[root@server1 download]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/
[root@server1 certs]# make cert.pem
umask 77 ;
PEM1=/bin/mktemp /tmp/openssl.XXXXXX ;
PEM2=/bin/mktemp /tmp/openssl.XXXXXX ;
/usr/bin/openssl req -utf8 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout $PEM1 -nodes -x509 -days 365 -out $PEM2 ;
cat $PEM1 > cert.pem ;
echo “” >> cert.pem ;
cat $PEM2 >> cert.pem ;
rm -f $PEM1 $PEM2
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
…+++
…+++
writing new private key to ‘/tmp/openssl.D8xxDc’

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:cn
State or Province Name (full name) []:shaanxi
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:xi’an
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:westos
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:linux
Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) []:server1
Email Address []:Sun_s513@163.com



[root@server1 certs]# mv cert.pem /usr/local/nginx/conf/
##将生成的密钥放置/usr/local/nginx/conf/里
[root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109172713372.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109172345944.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109173826354.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109231428501.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109172504541.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


#### **十、子网页的重定向**


**##www.westos.org/bbs 重定向bbs.westos.org:**



rewrite ^/bbs$ http://bbs.westos.org permanent;
rewrite ^/bbs/(.*)$ http://bbs.westos.org/$1 permanent;



mkdir /bbs
echo bbs.westos.org > /bbs/index.html


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021010923251168.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


 **测试:** 


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109232407622.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109232423762.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210109232830540.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


 


**##bbs.westos.org 重定向www.westos.org/bbs:**



if (KaTeX parse error: Expected '}', got 'EOF' at end of input: … rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.westos.org/bbs/$1 permanent;
}



[root@server1 /]# cd www/
[root@server1 www]# mkdir bbs
[root@server1 bbs]# echo bbs.westos.org-2> index.html


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110004633486.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021011000471456.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


**测试:**


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021011000481766.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110004803596.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110005309777.png)


#### **十一、nginx 防盗链**


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110012805196.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110013334771.png)


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110012924294.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)



[root@server2 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@server2 html]# vim index.html


确保httpd开启状态


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110013154767.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


**测试:**


![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110012631734.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1N1bl9fcw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)


 



location ~ .(jpg|png)$ {
valid_referers none blocked www.westos.org;
if ($invalid_referer) {
return 403;
#rewrite ^/ http://www3.westos.org/daolian.jpg;
}
}


 ![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210110013700592.png)


### 最后的话

最近很多小伙伴找我要Linux学习资料,于是我翻箱倒柜,整理了一些优质资源,涵盖视频、电子书、PPT等共享给大家!

### 资料预览

给大家整理的视频资料:

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/4cf9b8026ef66b8169b430505c60ceb4.png)

给大家整理的电子书资料:

  

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/b51424551ce743fa640a6fae71341463.png)



**如果本文对你有帮助,欢迎点赞、收藏、转发给朋友,让我有持续创作的动力!**


**网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加V获取:vip1024b (备注运维)**
![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ae479aeb45dc5fe29e312b1f6f251ab5.jpeg)

**一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!**
.cn/20210110013700592.png)


### 最后的话

最近很多小伙伴找我要Linux学习资料,于是我翻箱倒柜,整理了一些优质资源,涵盖视频、电子书、PPT等共享给大家!

### 资料预览

给大家整理的视频资料:

[外链图片转存中...(img-vSH9uwF3-1713384722178)]

给大家整理的电子书资料:

  

[外链图片转存中...(img-ifp1QQpo-1713384722178)]



**如果本文对你有帮助,欢迎点赞、收藏、转发给朋友,让我有持续创作的动力!**


**网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加V获取:vip1024b (备注运维)**
[外链图片转存中...(img-cpcoCbPZ-1713384722178)]

**一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!**
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