springboot，配置类加载过程

加载过程

首先来看启动类，启动类上包含了@SpringBootApplication注解

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.cskaoyan.mapper")
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

在@SpringBootApplication注解中包含了@EnableAutoConfiguration注解

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

在@EnableAutoConfiguration中包含了@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})，通过Selector选择器找到对应的自动配置类

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {

在AutoConfigurationImportSelector中包含了selectImports方法

public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
  if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
    return NO_IMPORTS;
  } else {
    AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);
    return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
  }
}

然后再看selectImports方法里的this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata)，在该方法中包含这样的一行代码，获得配置类的字符串的List

protected AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
  if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
    return EMPTY_ENTRY;
  } else {
    AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
    //这一行就是获得配置类(全限定类名)的List信息
    List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
    configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
    Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
    this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
    configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
    configurations = this.getConfigurationClassFilter().filter(configurations);
    this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
    return new AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
  }
}

进入到getCandidateConfigurations方法中

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
  // 加载/META-INF/spring.factories文件中的自动配置类
  List<String> configurations = new ArrayList(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader()));
  // 加载/META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports文件中的自动配置类
  ImportCandidates.load(AutoConfiguration.class, this.getBeanClassLoader()).forEach(configurations::add);
  Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories nor in META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
  return configurations;
}

要看/META-INF/spring.factories接下来进入到loadFactoryNames这个方法中

public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryType, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
    ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = classLoader;
    if (classLoader == null) {
        classLoaderToUse = SpringFactoriesLoader.class.getClassLoader();
    }

    String factoryTypeName = factoryType.getName();
    return (List)loadSpringFactories(classLoaderToUse).getOrDefault(factoryTypeName, Collections.emptyList());
}

最后来看loadSpringFactories这个方法，这个方法的返回值为Map，这个Map的key为字符串，value为字符串列表List，这个key其实就是需要EnableAutoConfiguration，value就是自动配置类的字符串List信息

private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(ClassLoader classLoader) {
  Map<String, List<String>> result = (Map)cache.get(classLoader);
  if (result != null) {
    return result;
  } else {
    HashMap result = new HashMap();

    try {
      ///META-INF/spring.factories
      Enumeration urls = classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
      //略掉很多代码
    }
  }
}

到这里大家其实可以看到最终加载的就是/META-INF/spring.factories文件

要看/META-INF/spring/xxx.imports

public static ImportCandidates load(Class<?> annotation, ClassLoader classLoader) {
  Assert.notNull(annotation, "'annotation' must not be null");
  ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = decideClassloader(classLoader);
  ///META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports
  String location = String.format("META-INF/spring/%s.imports", annotation.getName());
  Enumeration<URL> urls = findUrlsInClasspath(classLoaderToUse, location);
  ArrayList importCandidates = new ArrayList();

  while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
    URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
    importCandidates.addAll(readCandidateConfigurations(url));
  }

  return new ImportCandidates(importCandidates);
}