数据库-多表关联查询案例

1.创建student和score表

 CREATE  TABLE student (
    -> id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY ,
    -> name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
    -> sex  VARCHAR(4) ,
    -> birth  YEAR,
    -> department  VARCHAR(20) ,
    -> address  VARCHAR(50)
    -> );

创建score表。SQL代码如下：

 CREATE  TABLE score (
    -> id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
    -> stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
    -> c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
    -> grade  INT(10)
    -> );

2.为student表和score表增加记录

        向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

         向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

3.查询student表的所有记录

select * from student;

4.查询student表的第2条到4条记录

select * from student limit 1,4;

5.从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

select id,name,department from student;

6.从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息

 select * from student where department="计算机系" or department="英语系";

7.从student表中查询年龄18~35岁的学生信息

select * from student where (2024-birth) between 18 and 35;

8.从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

select department,count(id) '人数' from student group by department;

9.从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

select c_name, max(grade)最高分 from score group by c_name;

10.查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

select st.name,sc.c_name,sc.grade from score as sc inner join student as st on st.id=sc.stu_id where st.name='李四';

11.用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

select st.id,st.name,st.sex,st.birth,st.department,st.address,sc.c_name,sc.grade from student as st right join score as sc on st.id=sc.stu_id;

12.计算每个学生的总成绩

SELECT student.id, name, SUM(grade) FROM student, score WHERE student.id=score.stu_id GROUP BY id;

13.计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

select c_name,avg(grade) from score group by c_name;

14.查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

SELECT * FROM student WHERE id IN (SELECT stu_id FROM score WHERE c_name="计算机" and grade<95);

15.查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

SELECT a.* FROM student a, score b, score c WHERE a.id=b.stu_id AND b.c_name='计算机' AND a.id=c.stu_id AND c.c_name='英语';

16.将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

SELECT stu_id, grade FROM score WHERE c_name='计算机' ORDER BY grade DESC;

17.从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

SELECT id FROM student UNION SELECT stu_id FROM score;

18.查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

SELECT student.id, name, sex, birth, department, address, c_name, grade FROM student, score WHERE (name LIKE '张%' OR name LIKE '王%') AND student.id=score.stu_id;

19.查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

SELECT student.id, name, sex, birth, department, address, c_name, grade FROM student, score WHERE address LIKE '湖南%' AND student.id=score.stu_id;