python10个常用的自动化脚本

测试界霄霄

于 2024-10-09 14:25:06 发布

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分类专栏：软件测试文章标签：自动化 python 运维功能测试单元测试压力测试软件测试

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在快节奏的数字化时代，自动化已经成为提升效率的关键词。Python，以其简洁的语法和丰富的库支持，成为编写自动化脚本的首选语言。今天，我们将探索10个实用的Python自动化脚本，它们能够简化日常工作、提升生活品质，让你在日常任务中更加游刃有余。

1. 文件批量重命名

面对一堆杂乱无章的文件名，手动更改费时费力。以下脚本可以批量将文件名中的特定字符替换或增加前缀后缀。


import os

def batch_rename(directory, find_str, replace_str, prefix=''):

for filename in os.listdir(directory):

if find_str in filename:

new_filename = filename.replace(find_str, replace_str)

new_filename = prefix + new_filename if prefix else new_filename

os.rename(os.path.join(directory, filename), os.path.join(directory, new_filename))

# 示例用法

batch_rename('/path/to/your/directory', 'old_', 'new_', 'updated_')

2. 网页内容抓取

自动抓取网页信息，如新闻标题、天气预报等，是信息收集的有力工具。


import requests

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = 'https://www.example.com/news'

response = requests.get(url)

soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')

for title in soup.find_all('h2', class_='news-title'):

print(title.text.strip())

3. 定时发送邮件提醒

安排会议、生日祝福或日常提醒，通过邮件自动发送。


import smtplib

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

import schedule

import time

def send_email():

sender_email = "your_email@example.com"

receiver_email = "receiver@example.com"

password = input("Type your password and press enter: ")

message = MIMEMultipart("alternative")

message["Subject"] = "Daily Reminder"

message["From"] = sender_email

message["To"] = receiver_email

text = """\

Hi,

This is your daily reminder!

"""

part = MIMEText(text, "plain")

message.attach(part)

server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465)

server.login(sender_email, password)

server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, message.as_string())

server.quit()

schedule.every().day.at("10:30").do(send_email)

while True:

schedule.run_pending()

time.sleep(1)

4. 数据备份脚本

定期备份重要文件，保护数据安全。


import shutil

import datetime

source_folder = '/path/to/source'

backup_folder = f'/path/to/backup/{datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")}'

shutil.copytree(source_folder, backup_folder)

print(f"Backup completed at {backup_folder}")

5. 社交媒体监控

监控社交媒体上的关键词提及，例如微博、Twitter等。


import tweepy

# 需要先在Twitter开发者账户获取API密钥

consumer_key = 'your_consumer_key'

consumer_secret = 'your_consumer_secret'

access_token = 'your_access_token'

access_token_secret = 'your_access_token_secret'

auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(consumer_key, consumer_secret)

auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret)

api = tweepy.API(auth)

search_query = '#Python'

tweets = api.search(q=search_query,, count=10)

for tweet in tweets:

print(tweet.user.name, tweet.text)

6. PDF文件合并

将多个PDF文件合并成一个文档。


from PyPDF2 import PdfMerger

pdf_files = ['/path/to/file1.pdf', '/path/to/file2.pdf']

merger = PdfMerger()

for pdf_file in pdf_files:

merger.append(pdf_file)

merger.write('/path/to/output.pdf')

merger.close()

print("PDFs merged successfully.")

7. 自动化表格处理

使用pandas处理CSV或Excel文件，自动化数据清洗和分析。


import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

# 数据清洗示例：去除空值

df.dropna(inplace=True)

# 数据分析示例：计算平均值

average_score = df['Score'].mean()

print(f"Average Score: {average_score}")

8. 图片批量压缩

自动调整图片大小，节省存储空间。


from PIL import Image

def compress_image(image_path, output_path, quality=90):

img = Image.open(image_path)

img.save(output_path, optimize=True, quality=quality)

images_folder = '/path/to/images'

for filename in os.listdir(images_folder):

if filename.endswith('.jpg') or filename.endswith('.png'):

img_path = os.path.join(images_folder, filename)

output_path = os.path.join(images_folder, f"compressed_{filename}")

compress_image(img_path, output_path)

print("Images compressed.")

9. 网络状态监测

定期检查网络连接状况，确保在线服务稳定。


import urllib.request

import time

def check_internet():

try:

urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.google.com", timeout=5)

print("Internet is connected.")

except urllib.error.URLError:

print("No internet connection.")

while True:

check_internet()

time.sleep(60) # 每分钟检查一次

10. 系统资源监控

监控CPU和内存使用情况，预防系统过载。


import psutil

def monitor_resources():

cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)

memory_info = psutil.virtual_memory()

print(f"CPU Usage: {cpu_percent}%")

print(f"Memory Usage: {memory_info.percent}%")

while True:

monitor_resources()

time.sleep(5) # 每5秒检查一次