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正文
- 在 app 进程中，
main()方法会实例化 ActivityThread，同时创建 ApplicationThread，Looper，Handler 对象，调用ActivityThread#attach(false)方法进行 Binder 通信，方法里面调用ActivityManagerService#attachApplication(mAppThread)方法，将 thread 信息告知 ActivityManagerService ， 接着 Looper 启动循环；
- 回到 system_server 中，
ActivityManagerService#attachApplication(mAppThread)方法内部调用了thread#bindApplication()和mStackSupervisor#attachApplicationLocked()我们依次讲解这两个方法； 4.1thread#bindApplication()方法调用了ActivityThread#sendMessage(H.BIND_APPLICATION, data)方法，最终走到了ActivityThread#handleBindApplication()，进而创建 Application 对象，然后调用Application#attach(context)来绑定 Context ，创建完 Application 对象后便是调用mInstrumentation#callApplicationOnCreate()执行Application#onCreate()生命周期； 4.2mStackSupervisor#attachApplicationLocked()方法中调用app#thread#scheduleLaunchActivity()即ActivityThread#ApplicationThread#scheduleLaunchActivity()方法，进而通过ActivityThread#sendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY, r)方法，最终走到了ActivityThread#handleLaunchActivity()，进而创建 Activity 对象，然后调用activity.attach()方法，再调用mInstrumentation#callActivityOnCreate()执行Activity#onCreate()生命周期；
四、源码调用探究
对应本文第一张流程图的每一个步骤，下面逐步来看看源码是怎么调用的：
STEP 1
用户点击 app 图标；
STEP 2
Launcher 捕获点击事件，调用 Activity#startActivity()；
STEP 3
Activity#startActivity() 调用 Instrumentation；
Activity.java
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
this.startActivity(intent, null);
}
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
if (options != null) {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with
// applications that may have overridden the method.
startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
}
}
public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode,
@Nullable Bundle options) {
if (mParent == null) {
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
intent, requestCode, options);
···
} else {
···
}
}
STEP 4
Instrumentation 通过 Binder 通信发送消息给 system_server 进程，具体 调用 ActivityManager#getService()#startActivity() ，ActivityManager#getService() 的具体实现是 ActivityManagerService ；
Instrumentation.java
public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
···
try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
int result = ActivityManager.getService()
.startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
requestCode, 0, null, options);
checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
}
return null;
}
ActivityManager.java
public static IActivityManager getService() {
return IActivityManagerSingleton.get();
}
private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> IActivityManagerSingleton =
new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
@Override
protected IActivityManager create() {
final IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
final IActivityManager am = IActivityManager.Stub.asInterface(b);
return am;
}
};
STEP 5
ActivityManagerService 调用 ActivityStarter；
ActivityManagerService.java
@Override
public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle bOptions) {
return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, resultTo,
resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, bOptions,
UserHandle.getCallingUserId());
}
@Override
public final int startActivityAsUser(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle bOptions, int userId) {
enforceNotIsolatedCaller("startActivity");
userId = mUserController.handleIncomingUser(Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid(),
userId, false, ALLOW_FULL_ONLY, "startActivity", null);
// TODO: Switch to user app stacks here.
return mActivityStarter.startActivityMayWait(caller, -1, callingPackage, intent,
resolvedType, null, null, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags,
profilerInfo, null, null, bOptions, false, userId, null, null,
"startActivityAsUser");
}
STEP 6
ActivityStarter 调用 ActivityStackSupervisor；
final int startActivityMayWait(IApplicationThread caller, int callingUid,
String callingPackage, Intent intent, String resolvedType,
IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags,
ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, WaitResult outResult,
Configuration globalConfig, Bundle bOptions, boolean ignoreTargetSecurity, int userId,
IActivityContainer iContainer, TaskRecord inTask, String reason) {
···
int res = startActivityLocked(caller, intent, ephemeralIntent, resolvedType,
aInfo, rInfo, voiceSession, voiceInteractor,
resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, callingPid,
callingUid, callingPackage, realCallingPid, realCallingUid, startFlags,
options, ignoreTargetSecurity, componentSpecified, outRecord, container,
inTask, reason);
···
}
int startActivityLocked(IApplicationThread caller, Intent intent, Intent ephemeralIntent,
String resolvedType, ActivityInfo aInfo, ResolveInfo rInfo,
IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode, int callingPid, int callingUid,
String callingPackage, int realCallingPid, int realCallingUid, int startFlags,
ActivityOptions options, boolean ignoreTargetSecurity, boolean componentSpecified,
ActivityRecord[] outActivity, ActivityStackSupervisor.ActivityContainer container,
TaskRecord inTask, String reason) {
···
mLastStartActivityResult = startActivity(caller, intent, ephemeralIntent, resolvedType,
aInfo, rInfo, voiceSession, voiceInteractor, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode,
callingPid, callingUid, callingPackage, realCallingPid, realCallingUid, startFlags,
options, ignoreTargetSecurity, componentSpecified, mLastStartActivityRecord,
container, inTask);
···
return mLastStartActivityResult;
}
private int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, Intent intent, Intent ephemeralIntent,
String resolvedType, ActivityInfo aInfo, ResolveInfo rInfo,
IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode, int callingPid, int callingUid,
String callingPackage, int realCallingPid, int realCallingUid, int startFlags,
ActivityOptions options, boolean ignoreTargetSecurity, boolean componentSpecified,
ActivityRecord[] outActivity, ActivityStackSupervisor.ActivityContainer container,
TaskRecord inTask) {
···
return startActivity(r, sourceRecord, voiceSession, voiceInteractor, startFlags, true,
options, inTask, outActivity);
}
private int startActivity(final ActivityRecord r, ActivityRecord sourceRecord,
IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
int startFlags, boolean doResume, ActivityOptions options, TaskRecord inTask,
ActivityRecord[] outActivity) {
···
try {
mService.mWindowManager.deferSurfaceLayout();
result = startActivityUnchecked(r, sourceRecord, voiceSession, voiceInteractor,
startFlags, doResume, options, inTask, outActivity);
} finally {
···
}
···
}
private int startActivityUnchecked(final ActivityRecord r, ActivityRecord sourceRecord,
IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
int startFlags, boolean doResume, ActivityOptions options, TaskRecord inTask,
ActivityRecord[] outActivity) {
···
if (mDoResume) {
final ActivityRecord topTaskActivity =
mStartActivity.getTask().topRunningActivityLocked();
if (!mTargetStack.isFocusable()
|| (topTaskActivity != null && topTaskActivity.mTaskOverlay
&& mStartActivity != topTaskActivity)) {
···
} else {
···
mSupervisor.resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked(mTargetStack, mStartActivity,
mOptions);
}
} else {
···
}
···
}
STEP 7
ActivityStackSupervisor 调用 ActivityStack；
boolean resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked(
ActivityStack targetStack, ActivityRecord target, ActivityOptions targetOptions) {
if (targetStack != null && isFocusedStack(targetStack)) {
return targetStack.resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(target, targetOptions);
}
···
return false;
}
STEP 8
ActivityStack 回调到 ActivityStackSupervisor ；
boolean resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(ActivityRecord prev, ActivityOptions options) {
···
try {
···
result = resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(prev, options);
} finally {
···
}
···
return result;
}
private boolean resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(ActivityRecord prev, ActivityOptions options) {
···
if (next.app != null && next.app.thread != null) {
···
} else {
···
mStackSupervisor.startSpecificActivityLocked(next, true, true);
}
···
}
STEP 9
ActivityStackSupervisor 回调到 ActivityManagerService，这里会判断要启动 App 的进程是否存在，存在则通知进程启动 Activity，否则就先将进程创建出来；
void startSpecificActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r,
boolean andResume, boolean checkConfig) {
···
if (app != null && app.thread != null) {
try {
···
// 如果进程已存在，则通知进程启动组件
realStartActivityLocked(r, app, andResume, checkConfig);
return;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
···
}
}
// 否则先将进程创建出来
mService.startProcessLocked(r.processName, r.info.applicationInfo, true, 0,
"activity", r.intent.getComponent(), false, false, true);
}
STEP 10
接着我们来看看进程尚未创建的情况，我们看到这里最终调用的是 Process#start() 来启动进程；
ActivityManagerService.java
final ProcessRecord startProcessLocked(String processName,
ApplicationInfo info, boolean knownToBeDead, int intentFlags,
String hostingType, ComponentName hostingName, boolean allowWhileBooting,
boolean isolated, boolean keepIfLarge) {
return startProcessLocked(processName, info, knownToBeDead, intentFlags, hostingType,
hostingName, allowWhileBooting, isolated, 0 /* isolatedUid */, keepIfLarge,
null /* ABI override */, null /* entryPoint */, null /* entryPointArgs */,
null /* crashHandler */);
}
final ProcessRecord startProcessLocked(String processName, ApplicationInfo info,
boolean knownToBeDead, int intentFlags, String hostingType, ComponentName hostingName,
boolean allowWhileBooting, boolean isolated, int isolatedUid, boolean keepIfLarge,
String abiOverride, String entryPoint, String[] entryPointArgs, Runnable crashHandler) {
···
startProcessLocked(
app, hostingType, hostingNameStr, abiOverride, entryPoint, entryPointArgs);
···
}
private final void startProcessLocked(ProcessRecord app, String hostingType,
String hostingNameStr, String abiOverride, String entryPoint, String[] entryPointArgs) {
···
if (entryPoint == null) entryPoint = "android.app.ActivityThread";
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "Start proc: " +
app.processName);
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: asking zygote to start proc");
ProcessStartResult startResult;
if (hostingType.equals("webview_service")) {
···
} else {
startResult = Process.start(entryPoint,
app.processName, uid, uid, gids, debugFlags, mountExternal,
app.info.targetSdkVersion, seInfo, requiredAbi, instructionSet,
app.info.dataDir, invokeWith, entryPointArgs);
}
···
}
STEP 11
ActivityManagerService 通过 socket 通信告知 Zygote 进程 fork 子进程，即 app 进程；
STEP 12
进程创建后将 ActivityThread 加载进去，执行 ActivityThread#main() 方法，实例化 ActivityThread，同时创建 ApplicationThread，Looper，Hander 对象，调用 ActivityThread#attach(false) 方法进行 Binder 通信， 接着 Looper 启动循环；
ActivityThread.java
public static void main(String[] args) {
···
Looper.prepareMainLooper();
ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
thread.attach(false);
if (sMainThreadHandler == null) {
sMainThreadHandler = thread.getHandler();
}
···
Looper.loop();
···
}
private void attach(boolean system) {
···
if (!system) {
···
final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManager.getService();
try {
mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
throw ex.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
···
} else {
···
}
···
}
回到 system_server 中，ActivityManagerService#attachApplication(mAppThread) 方法内部调用了 thread#bindApplication() 和 mStackSupervisor#attachApplicationLocked() 这两个方法。
STEP 13
其中，thread#bindApplication() 方法调用了 ActivityThread#sendMessage(H.BIND_APPLICATION, data) 方法，最终走到了 ActivityThread#handleBindApplication()，进而创建 Application 对象，然后调用 Application#attach(context) 来绑定 Context ，创建完 Application 对象后便是调用 mInstrumentation#callApplicationOnCreate() 执行 Application#onCreate() 生命周期；
ActivityManagerService.java
@Override
public final void attachApplication(IApplicationThread thread) {
synchronized (this) {
···
attachApplicationLocked(thread, callingPid);
···
}
}
private final boolean attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread,
int pid) {
···
try {
···
if (app.instr != null) {
thread.bindApplication(processName, appInfo, providers,
app.instr.mClass,
profilerInfo, app.instr.mArguments,
app.instr.mWatcher,
app.instr.mUiAutomationConnection, testMode,
mBinderTransactionTrackingEnabled, enableTrackAllocation,
isRestrictedBackupMode || !normalMode, app.persistent,
new Configuration(getGlobalConfiguration()), app.compat,
getCommonServicesLocked(app.isolated),
mCoreSettingsObserver.getCoreSettingsLocked(),
buildSerial);
} else {
thread.bindApplication(processName, appInfo, providers, null, profilerInfo,
null, null, null, testMode,
mBinderTransactionTrackingEnabled, enableTrackAllocation,
isRestrictedBackupMode || !normalMode, app.persistent,
new Configuration(getGlobalConfiguration()), app.compat,
getCommonServicesLocked(app.isolated),
mCoreSettingsObserver.getCoreSettingsLocked(),
buildSerial);
}
···
} catch (Exception e) {
···
}
···
// See if the top visible activity is waiting to run in this process...
if (normalMode) {
try {
if (mStackSupervisor.attachApplicationLocked(app)) {
didSomething = true;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
···
}
}
···
}
ActivityThread#ApplicationThread.java
public final void bindApplication(String processName, ApplicationInfo appInfo,
···
sendMessage(H.BIND_APPLICATION, data);
}
ActivityThread.java
private void sendMessage(int what, Object obj) {
sendMessage(what, obj, 0, 0, false);
}
private void sendMessage(int what, Object obj, int arg1, int arg2, boolean async) {
···
mH.sendMessage(msg);
}
我们来看看这个 mH 的 handleMessage() 方法；
ActivityThread#H.java
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
### 尾声
最后，我再重复一次，如果你想成为一个优秀的 Android 开发人员，请集中精力，对基础和重要的事情做深度研究。
对于很多初中级Android工程师而言，想要提升技能，往往是自己摸索成长，不成体系的学习效果低效漫长且无助。 整理的这些架构技术希望对Android开发的朋友们有所参考以及少走弯路，本文的重点是你有没有收获与成长，其余的都不重要，希望读者们能谨记这一点。
最后想要拿高薪实现技术提升薪水得到质的飞跃。最快捷的方式，就是有人可以带着你一起分析，这样学习起来最为高效，所以为了大家能够顺利进阶中高级、架构师，我特地为大家准备了一套高手学习的源码和框架视频等精品Android架构师教程，保证你学了以后保证薪资上升一个台阶。
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**进阶学习视频**
**附上：我们之前因为秋招收集的二十套一二线互联网公司Android面试真题** （含BAT、小米、华为、美团、滴滴）和我自己整理Android复习笔记（包含Android基础知识点、Android扩展知识点、Android源码解析、设计模式汇总、Gradle知识点、常见算法题汇总。）
**网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**
**需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以添加V获取：vip204888 （备注Android）**
**一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！**
就是有人可以带着你一起分析，这样学习起来最为高效，所以为了大家能够顺利进阶中高级、架构师，我特地为大家准备了一套高手学习的源码和框架视频等精品Android架构师教程，保证你学了以后保证薪资上升一个台阶。
当你有了学习线路，学习哪些内容，也知道以后的路怎么走了，理论看多了总要实践的。
**进阶学习视频**
[外链图片转存中...(img-5MrTEYCo-1713388988924)]
**附上：我们之前因为秋招收集的二十套一二线互联网公司Android面试真题** （含BAT、小米、华为、美团、滴滴）和我自己整理Android复习笔记（包含Android基础知识点、Android扩展知识点、Android源码解析、设计模式汇总、Gradle知识点、常见算法题汇总。）
[外链图片转存中...(img-SVBqbm1G-1713388988924)]
**网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**
**需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以添加V获取：vip204888 （备注Android）**
[外链图片转存中...(img-pYSoEHBX-1713388988925)]
**一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！**
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