西电程序设计C++试题第四题---RLE压缩解压算法

涉及知识点：文件读写、位操作、内存管理、结构体定义、RLE算法、命令行参数

要求：编写一个程序，可以在命令行输入参数，完成指定文件的压缩解压命令行参数如下          [rle file1 c(-d) file2] 第一个参数为可执行程序名称，第二个参数为原始文件名，第三个参数为压缩或解压缩选项，第四个参数为新文件名

思路:

一，压缩函数，包括文件读取，压缩，文件编写保存

二，解压函数，包括文件读取，解压，文件编写保存

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

struct RleHeader
{
    unsigned int originalSize;
    unsigned int compressedSize;
};

void compressRle(const string &inputFile, const string &outputFile)
{
    ifstream input(inputFile, ios::binary);
    ofstream output(outputFile, ios::binary);

    vector<char> buffer;
    vector<char> tempData;
    char currentChar;
    char prevChar;
    int count = 0;
    int temp = 0;

    while (input.get(currentChar))
    {
        if (count > 127)
        {
            buffer.push_back(127 | 0x80);
            buffer.push_back(prevChar);
            count -= 127;
        }
        if (currentChar == prevChar)
        {
            count++;
        }
        else
        {
            if (count >= 3)
            {
                if (temp == 0)
                {
                    buffer.push_back(count | 0x80);
                    buffer.push_back(prevChar);
                    count = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    buffer.push_back(temp);
                    buffer.insert(buffer.end(), tempData.begin(), tempData.end());
                    tempData.clear();
                    temp = 0;

                    buffer.push_back(count | 0x80);
                    buffer.push_back(prevChar);
                    count = 1;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                temp += count;
                if (temp > 127)
                {
                    temp -= count;
                    buffer.push_back(temp);
                    temp -= 127;

                    buffer.insert(buffer.end(), tempData.begin(), tempData.end());
                    tempData.clear();
                    temp += count;
                }
                while (count > 0)
                {
                    tempData.push_back(prevChar);
                    count--;
                }
                count = 1;
            }
        }
        prevChar = currentChar;
    }

    if (temp > 0)
    {
        buffer.push_back(temp);
        buffer.insert(buffer.end(), tempData.begin(), tempData.end());
    }
    if (count > 0)
    {
        buffer.push_back(count | 0x80);
        buffer.push_back(prevChar);
    }

    RleHeader header;
    header.originalSize = static_cast<unsigned int>(input.tellg());
    header.compressedSize = static_cast<unsigned int>(buffer.size());

    output.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&header), sizeof(RleHeader));
    output.write(buffer.data(), buffer.size());

    cout << "Compression completed." << endl;
}

void decompressRle(const string &inputFile, const string &outputFile)
{
    ifstream input(inputFile, ios::binary);
    ofstream output(outputFile, ios::binary);

    RleHeader header;
    input.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&header), sizeof(RleHeader));

    vector<char> buffer(header.compressedSize);
    input.read(buffer.data(), header.compressedSize);

    for (size_t i = 0; i < buffer.size();)
    {
        char count = buffer[i];

        if (count & 0x80) // 如果最高位为1，表示连续重复部分
        {
            char value = buffer[i + 1];
            count &= 0x7F; // 清除最高位的标记位
            for (int j = 0; j < count; j++)
            {
                output.put(value);
            }
            i += 2;
        }
        else // 连续非重复部分
        {
            while (count > 0)
            {
                char value = buffer[i + 1];
                output.put(value);
                i++;
                count -= 1;
            }
            i++;
        }
    }
    cout << "Decompression completed." << endl;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    string inputFile = argv[1];
    string option = argv[2];
    string outputFile = argv[3];

    if (option == "-c")
    {
        compressRle(inputFile, outputFile);
    }
    else if (option == "-d")
    {
        decompressRle(inputFile, outputFile);
    }

    return 0;
}

仅供参考